江玲轉(zhuǎn)初中英語學(xué)業(yè)測試與評價北京師范大學(xué)程曉堂.ppt

1、初中英語學(xué)業(yè)測試與評價 北京師范大學(xué) 程曉堂,引言,初中畢業(yè)生英語學(xué)業(yè)考試是義務(wù)教育階段的終結(jié)性考試。考試結(jié)果既是衡量學(xué)生是否達到畢業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的主要依據(jù)，也是高中階段學(xué)校招生的重要依據(jù)之一。 初中畢業(yè)生英語學(xué)業(yè)考試要有利于促進和引導(dǎo)英語教學(xué)全面落實課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)所規(guī)定的課程目標(biāo)和課程評價理念，要有利于引導(dǎo)學(xué)生改進英語學(xué)習(xí)方式、拓展英語學(xué)習(xí)渠道、提高英語學(xué)習(xí)效率，要有利于初中學(xué)校綜合評價學(xué)生的英語學(xué)習(xí)狀況。,一、命題原則,要根據(jù)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來確定考查內(nèi)容與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，不拘泥于教材； 要著重考查學(xué)生的綜合語言運用能力； 要充分考慮學(xué)生實際生活和身心發(fā)展水平； 要切實考慮英語語言使用的實際情況； 要確保試題的信度和效度

2、，杜絕繁、偏、舊的試題，控制題量； 要根據(jù)試題的考查目的和考查重點，科學(xué)、合理地制定評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。,考查內(nèi)容,Two mirrors are placed right angles（直角） to each other, and a clock is put in front of the mirror like the picture. The clock is placed facing the mirror like the picture. A person standing in front of the other mirror will see the time is _. A. 2:

3、35 B. 9:25 C. 11:20 D. 5:50,Which of the following does paper burn in? A. CO2 B. N2 C. O2 D. H2 I told you not to be late again, _? A. did I B. didnt I C. have I D. havent I,二、考查內(nèi)容,1聽力技能 聽力技能指學(xué)生對口頭語言材料的理解能力以及從口頭語言材料中獲取信息的能力。語音識別和辨別能力是聽力技能的基礎(chǔ)，但英語學(xué)業(yè)考試不應(yīng)在脫離語境的情況下單純考查學(xué)生的辨音能力。,2口語技能口語技能指學(xué)生用英語進行口頭表達的能力，特別

4、是在真實語境中溝通信息、描述事物與情感、發(fā)表觀點和意見的能力。,3閱讀技能 初中英語學(xué)業(yè)考試應(yīng)把閱讀能力作為主要考查內(nèi)容，著重考查學(xué)生理解各種題材和體裁的書面材料的能力以及從各種材料中獲取信息的能力。,4寫的技能,寫的技能指學(xué)生運用所學(xué)語言知識與技能進行信息溝通、再現(xiàn)生活經(jīng)歷、描述周圍事物、發(fā)表意見和觀點的能力。應(yīng)著重考查學(xué)生以書面形式表達意義的能力，不能孤立地考查詞匯或語法的掌握情況。,5語言知識的運用能力,語言知識的運用能力指學(xué)生在一定的語境中運用語音知識、語法知識、詞匯知識、語用知識的能力。應(yīng)著重考查學(xué)生綜合運用語言知識的能力，不能孤立地考查某些知識點，更不能機械地考查對知識的記憶。,6

5、關(guān)于詞匯范圍,建議以課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（修訂稿）擬采用的義務(wù)教育階段英語詞匯表（約1600個單詞）為詞匯范圍參考依據(jù)。,三、考試形式,（一）聽力理解的考試形式 1根據(jù)對話或短文回答問題 ( ) 1 . What sport does the man like best? ( ) 2. Which country is Ling Ling from?,2根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容填空,例 You will hear a man talking to a group of people about the riding holiday he organizes. While you are listening, fill

6、 in the missing information in the numbered blanks.,HORSE-RIDING HOLIDAYS Daily programme 10.00 a.m.: help get horse ready check (1) _ 11.30 a.m.: ride begins 12.00 p.m.: stop near (2) _ or lake 4.00 p.m.: arrive back at Centre. Things to take - strong shoes or (3) _ - warm clothes - small bag to ho

7、ld (4) _,3判斷正誤 4根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容排列順序 5根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容匹配,Listen to 5 people introducing themselves. While you are listening, match the speakers names with their identity. Write the letters in the brackets: 1. Tom Smith A a student from USA 2. Mary Shaw B a salesgirl at a computer company 3. Nick Hansen C a P.E. teacher

8、 at a high school 4. Sue Parker D a doctor taking care of children 5. Peter Roberts E a shop assistant,6應(yīng)避免的幾種聽力考試形式,聽錄音，選出你所聽到的音標(biāo)或在句中所聽到的單詞： 試題選項：A. /trin/ B. /trein/ C. /tri:n/ D. / train/ 錄音原文： /trein/（答案為B） 試題選項：A. play B. plate C. plane D. place 錄音原文：Lets go and play football.（答案為A）,聽句子，選擇含有你所聽

9、到單詞的選項。 1. A. glad B. grade 2. A. near B. hear 3. A. white B. write 4. A. free B. agree 錄音原文： 1. Hello, boys and girls. Im very glad to speak to you. 2. I hear your English is very good. 3. The little boy can write his name. 4. You will be free tomorrow.,（二）口語考試的形式,口試盡量采用面對面的考試方式，由主考教師與學(xué)生交談，讓學(xué)生描述個人的

10、某種經(jīng)歷，描述圖片的內(nèi)容，發(fā)表個人的觀點或看法等。也可以讓學(xué)生兩人一組進行交流、討論或共同完成某項任務(wù)，教師只是傾聽并作成績評判。,（三）閱讀理解的考試形式,1根據(jù)短小的告示、招貼、電子郵件、留言條等設(shè)計問題。,What does this notice say? A. Reserved tickets must be paid for today. B. You can order tickets by tomorrow. C. Tickets for the party can be collected after tomorrow.,2把文章中的句子還原,I have been wond

11、ering if you would like to come and spend a couple of weeks at my house this summer. We have a spare room in the house. 1 So there will be no problem in putting you up. The best time to come would be in August since the weather is usually good then and 2 . There is a large castle about twenty kilome

12、ters from the house. It is said that it has a history of 500 years. 3 As you know, I live in a fairly small village and you might think that there would not be much to do, but, in fact, it is a very lively place, especially in the summer when there are always plenty of things going on. 4 One of the

13、most enjoyable of the summer events is an international jazz festival which takes place in the middle of August and lasts for over a week. 5 It is always great fun to listen to the music. Please let me know if and when you can come so that I can begin making plans for your stay as soon as possible.,

14、A If you are interested in that, we could easily go there. B we would be able to get out quite often C I dont think you will be very bored. D It is always used for guests. E It attracts people from all over the world every year.,3根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容確定讀者對象 提供若干段內(nèi)容不同的材料以及有不同需要的讀者對象。讓學(xué)生找出哪些材料對哪些讀者最有用。,（四）書面表達的考試形式,

15、目前中考中使用較多的書面表達考試形式是輔助性寫作。學(xué)生根據(jù)所提供的某些信息，按一定的要求寫作文或其他形式的材料。這種考試形式既有一定的寫作要求，又有一定的開放性。常用考試形式有看圖寫話、根據(jù)中英文提示寫段落、寫回信或留言條、根據(jù)圖表提供的信息寫報告等。,（五）語言知識的考試形式,1單項選擇題 They managed to finish the work _ it rained heavily. A. though B. but C. if,采用這種考試形式時要注意以下幾點：,1、試題要較為均衡地涉及語法知識、詞匯知識、常見表達法、語用知識，而不能集中考查某一方面的知識。特別是不要過多地考查語

16、法知識。 2、要注意設(shè)計一些考查語用知識的試題。 - You dont look well. Youd better see your doctor. - I _, but he said theres nothing wrong. A. will B. would C. have,3、要在語境中考查語法知識的運用能力，不能孤立地考查某個語法知識點的記憶。 4、設(shè)計干擾項時，最好不用拼寫錯誤或大小寫錯誤等作為干擾點。,5、不能考查英語語言知識以外的知識。 The Englishman, Stephenson, invented _ . A. the ship B. the car C. the

17、 plane D. the train,2完形填空,完形填空有三種具體的形式： 1、試題為每個空白處提供若干個選項（通常是四個），學(xué)生從中選擇一項最合適的作為正確答案； 2、試題將需要補全的單詞打亂順序后集中列在一個方框里，供學(xué)生填空時挑選； 3、試題不提供任何選項或需要補全的單詞，學(xué)生根據(jù)自己的判斷填寫他們認(rèn)為合適的單詞。,四試題類型與質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn),（一）單項選擇題 高質(zhì)量的單項選擇題應(yīng)該做到以下幾點： 1只有一個正確答案，以下幾道題都有多個答案： You were in Shanghai last week, _ you? A. were B. werent C. did D. didnt,T

18、here are thirty-one girls in your class, _? A. are there B. arent they C. are they D. arent there - Would you mind if I open the window? - _, though its a little cold. A. Yes, please B. Sure C. Not at all D. Sorry,2選項本身在語法上應(yīng)該是正確的 Lots of visitors come to Hangzhou because she is _ city. A. so a beaut

19、iful B. very a beautiful C. such beautiful a D. such a beautiful,3要具有嚴(yán)密的科學(xué)性和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性,Which is the biggest city in China? A. Beijing B. Shanghai C. Guangzhou D. Kunming The three months of spring in China are _. A. December, January and February B. March, April and May C. January, February and March D. Fe

20、bruary, March and April,4要根據(jù)原文信息設(shè)計項 5選項長度要適當(dāng)、均衡 What did Sam and Joe think the trip would be like? A. There would be some serious problems. B. There would not be any danger. C. It would be long and tiring. D. It would be exciting.,（二）填空題,設(shè)計填空題時要注意以下幾點： 1、要提供相對完整的語境，使學(xué)生能夠通過上下文的線索判斷出所缺內(nèi)容。 2、要求學(xué)生補全的內(nèi)容應(yīng)

21、該是語言素材中的關(guān)鍵信息，而不是附屬的信息（如一些起修飾作用的詞語）。,3要明確答案的唯一性或非唯一性。 A: What are you going to do next weekend? B: I have no _. What about you? 4要合理制定評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),5應(yīng)避免的幾種填空題,Fill in each blank with the right word. The first letter of the word is given to help you. (1) the first month of the year J_ (2) ground near a river b

22、_ (3) two times t_,Fill in the missing letters to complete the words. Write only ONE letter in each blank. (1) 100 years c _ _ t _ _ y (2) news or knowledge in _ _ _ m _ _ _ _ _ (3) the wife of a king q _ _ _n,Give the words which are opposite in meaning. (1) noisy _ _ l _ _ _ (2) old _ _ _ _ _ t (3

23、) general _ _ _ _ i _ u _ _ _,（三）完形填空,所選短文應(yīng)該主旨明確，大意清楚，有較好的連貫性； 語言難度適當(dāng)，題材是學(xué)生比較熟悉的內(nèi)容； 所選短文的長度要適當(dāng)； 不宜在短文的首句和末句中挖空； 空白之間的間距要適當(dāng)； 對初中學(xué)生的英語學(xué)業(yè)考試而言，最好采用可變系數(shù)挖空法，而不采用固定系數(shù)挖空法。,不宜把語言知識以外的其他知識作為考查的重點。,Taizhou is an old city with a 36 of more than 2,100 years. It is in the 37 of the province on the northern banks of the 38 River, and is a link between northern and 39 Jiangsu. The Jiangyin 40 has brought it 41 to southern Jia