初中英語連詞總結(jié)歸納.ppt

1、初中英語連詞 (Conjunction),By Shirley,連 詞 (Conjunction),一、連詞定義: 用來連接詞、短語或句子的詞。 e.g. I study English and Chinese. Does he work at school or in the hospital? I get up early, but my brother gets up late.,二、連詞分類： 并列連詞 從屬連詞,連詞：and, but, or, so, (for),連詞詞組: eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, bothand, (as w

2、ell as),that，whether, if, unless, while / when, until, because, so that, sothat, though/ although, even if, asas 等,1.并列連詞的分類：,1.從屬連詞連詞：,三、用法 1.并列連詞 - 連接具有并列關(guān)系的詞，短語或句子。 常見的有： (1)表并列關(guān)系的and, bothand, not onlybut also, neithernor，as well as（也，和）等。 (2)表選擇關(guān)系的or, eitheror等。 (3)表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的but, however等。 (4)表因果關(guān)系

3、的for, so等。,1. Mary likes music_Tom is found of sports. A. and B. but C. both A and B 2. I failed again, _ I wont give up. A. and B. but C. so 3. This is my first lesson, _ I dont know your names. A. and B. but C. so,and : 表對等 “和、并且” but: 表轉(zhuǎn)折 “但是” so: 表因果 “所以”,and, or, but, so 基本用法,1. Which do you li

4、ke better, apples, _ pears? A. and B. but C. or 2. Now we have no time _ money. A. so B. and C. or,or: 1. 用于疑問句, 表選擇 2. 用于否定句, 表并列（肯定句用and）,3.Christine, Aileen _ (和) I are good friends. Study hard, _ (否則)youll fall behind. 4. Are you coming by bus _(或者) on foot?,and,or,or,1. Try your best _ youll ma

5、ke more progress. A. and B. but C. or 2. Dont lose heart, _ youll lose all. A. and B. so C. or,and 和 or 都可以在祈使句中使用. and 通常是比較好的結(jié)果; or 則表示不愉快或不理想的結(jié)果.,and, or, but, so 基本用法,1. Its getting warmer _ warmer. A. and B. but C. or 2. He or the twins _ the USA. A. comes from B. come from C. is from 4. Not To

6、m but I _ going to give the talk. A. am B. is C. are,adj.比 + and + adj.比 表示越來越,A or B 和 not A but B 結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時，謂語動詞要使用就近原則。,and, or, but, so 特殊用法,考點一： 1）判斷改錯： They sat down and talk about something. They started to dance and sang. I saw two men sitting behind and ate there.,F,F,F,eating,sing,talked,and

7、(“和，并且”) 與 or (“否則”),“and” 連接平行結(jié)構(gòu)。,（1）肯定句中用“and” 表“和”； （2）否定句中用“or”表“和” 。,2）翻譯： 我喜歡英語和數(shù)學。 我不喜歡英語和數(shù)學。,I like English _ math.,I dont like English _ math.,and,or,= Study hard, _ your math will be worse.,3）用 “and” 或“or” 填空： Study hard, _ your math will be better.,and,or,“and”意為“這樣，那么”； “or” 意為 “否則” 。,表轉(zhuǎn)

8、折的連詞but 和however： e.g. (他努力工作，但以失敗告終。) He worked hard, _ he failed at last. He worked hard. _, he failed at last. 區(qū)別: but 后沒有逗號，直接連接分句； however 后有逗號相隔，可放句首。,but,However,考點二 ：,1. Although I have passed the exam, _ I am not pleased with the result. A. and B. but C. /,and, or, but, so 特殊用法,although 和 b

9、ut 不能同時出現(xiàn)。,“so+情態(tài)動詞/助動詞/be動詞+主語”句型為倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，意思為“也是如此”，系動詞、情態(tài)動詞或助動詞必須與上句中的謂語動詞保持時態(tài)的一致。例：-I like reading novels when I am free.有空閑時我喜歡讀小說。-So do I.我也是。 “so+主語+情態(tài)動詞/助動詞/be動詞” 表示對上文所說的情況加以肯定。意思為“確實如此”。-He works hard.他工作努力。-So he does, and so does his brother.他確實是這樣，他兄弟也是如此。,2.So的特殊用法,觀察句子 ： （1）Although he i

10、s over sixty, but he works as hard as others. 改為：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others. 或 He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others. （2）“Because John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.”,*although/ though 和but這兩個關(guān)聯(lián)詞不能同時用。,?,同樣，此句錯誤， because 和 so 等關(guān)聯(lián)詞都不能同時使用。,考點三 ：,either A o

11、r B “或者A或者B” neither A nor B “既不A也不B” not only A but also B “不僅A而且B”,- 連詞詞組 ：,Either you or I _ going to the party. (或者你或者我將去晚會。) Neither I nor he _ seen the movie. （我和他都沒有看過這部電影。） Not only you but also he _ French. （不但你而且他也講法語。）,【連接主語 時，謂語“就近原則”】,am,has,speaks,考點四,1. Both Peter and I _ going to Gua

12、ngzhou. A. are B. is C. am 2. Either apples or rice _ Ok. I am hungry. A. are B. is C. / 3. Neither I nor my parents _ to tell you the truth. A. wants B. want C. is going to 4. Not only I but also Jane _ sure that well win. A. is B. are C. am,bothand,eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also,以上結(jié)構(gòu)做主語，除bot

13、hand 謂語要用復(fù)數(shù)外，其余都使用就近原則。,1、這里的天氣既不太冷也不太熱。 The weather here is _too hot _too cold. 2、她不但美麗而且聰明。 She is _pretty _ clever. 3、不是你對就是我對。 _ you _ I _ correct (形容詞：正確的).,neither,nor,not only,but also,Either,or,am,用適當?shù)倪B詞填空,連 詞 練 習,2. 從屬連詞-用來引導(dǎo)從句。常見的從屬連詞有： (1)引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的after, before, when, while, as, until, ti

14、ll, since, as soon as等。 (2)引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的if, unless等。 (3)引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的because, as, since等。 (4)引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的so that, in order that等。 (5)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的though, although, even if等。 (6)引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的so that, sothat, suchthat等。 (7)引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句的than, asas等。 (8)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的that, if , whether等。,三者均可譯為“在時候”。when引導(dǎo)的從句，動詞既可以是延續(xù)性的，也可以是終止性的。一般來

15、說，當主句的動作正在進行時，when引導(dǎo)的從句的動作才發(fā)生；while引導(dǎo)的從句中，動詞只能是延續(xù)性的，一般來說，當while引導(dǎo)的從句的動作正在進行時，主句的動作才發(fā)生；若主從句動作同時發(fā)生，且強調(diào)“一邊一邊”這樣的意思，一般用 as。 When I came into the room, I found him lying there asleep. She sang as she walked. 她一邊走一邊唱歌。注意：while 可以表示對比關(guān)系“然而”。He is short while his brother is tall.,when，while，as,連 詞 用 法 比 較,M

16、r. White was taking a shower _ the UFO landed on the street. A. where B. while C. when D. whether,C,While Mr. White was taking a shower，the UFO landed on the street.,考點一,“when” 和 “while”,when引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的動作多為終止性動詞，也為可持續(xù)動詞；但while只能是可持續(xù)動詞。,考點二,我會一直工作到你回來。,I will work till you come back.,notuntil/ till 直到才

17、till 直到為止,翻譯：我會到你回來時才睡覺。,I wont go to bed until/ till you come back.,考點二,我父親直到我們吃完飯時才回來。,My father _ come back until we had supper.,notuntil/ till 直到才 till 直到為止,翻譯：他直到3歲才會講話。,He _get up until his mother wakes him up.,didnt,他經(jīng)常等到媽媽叫他才起床。,He _ speak until he was 3.,couldnt,doesnt,He took the MP3 playe

18、r with him _ he could enjoy music during the trip. A. because B. so that C. when,B,考點三,他起早是為了趕上早班車。(表目的),He got up early so that he could catch the early bus.,He got up early so that he caught the early bus.,他起早，結(jié)果趕上了早班車。（表結(jié)果）,He got up so early that he caught the early bus.,sothat,so that：為了； 所以，結(jié)果

19、,如此以致,1) sothat中的so是個副詞，其后只能跟形容詞或副詞，而such.that中的such是個形容詞，后接名詞或名詞短語。例如： Im so tired that I cant walk any farther. It was such a warm day that he went swimming. 2) 如果在名詞之前有many, much, little, few時，用so,不用such。例如： He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.,sothat, such.that,連 詞 用 法 比 較,

20、連接條件狀語從句：,1、Youll be late _(如果) you dont get up early tomorrow. 2、Ill come to see you _(如果) Im free next Saturday. 3、Well have a picnic tomorrow _(如果) it doesnt rain tomorrow.,* 注意狀語從句的時態(tài)：“主將從現(xiàn)”。,if,if,if,連 詞 練 習,連接時間狀語從句,I was cleaning the floor _(當?shù)臅r候) she knocked at the door. Dick climbed up into

21、 a tree _(一就) he saw the bear. I knew nothing about it _(直到才) my friend told me yesterday. I havent heard from Bill _(自從) we graduated from middle school.,when,as soon as,until,since,連接原因、結(jié)果狀語從句,You should return the digital camera to Sally _ she will not be angry. A. so that B. because C. before 2.

22、 He was hurt _ badly _ he had to see a doctor. A. tooto B. so that C. so that 3.He took off his coat _ it was too hot in the room. A.And B. since C. but 4. Solo missed the bus _ he was late for school. A. because B. so C. or,連接讓步狀語從句,Tom is still doing his homework _ it is very late. A. so that B. e

23、ven though C. if 2. I never seem to put on any weight,_ hard I try. A. though B. no matter how 3. I enjoy learning English, _ it takes me a lot of time. A. unless B. although C. because 4. I will never give up learning English _ (即使) it is difficult.,even though,1) 如果原因構(gòu)成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，becau

24、se引導(dǎo)的從句往往放在句末。例如： I stayed at home because it rained. -Why arent you going? -Because I dont want to. 2) 如果原因已被人們所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或since。since比as稍微正式一點。as和since 引導(dǎo)的從句一般放在句子的開頭。例如： As he wasnt ready, we left without him. Since I have no money, I cant buy any food. 3) for用來補充說明一種理由，因此，for引導(dǎo)的從句幾乎可以放在

25、括號里。for引導(dǎo)的句子不放在句子的開頭。例如： I decided to stop and have lunch，for I was feeling quite hungry.,as, because, since , for,連 詞 用 法 比 較,三者均可譯為“在時候”。when引導(dǎo)的從句，動詞既可以是延續(xù)性的，也可以是終止性的。一般來說，當主句的動作正在進行時，when引導(dǎo)的從句的動作才發(fā)生；while引導(dǎo)的從句中，動詞只能是延續(xù)性的，一般來說，當while引導(dǎo)的從句的動作正在進行時，主句的動作才發(fā)生；若主從句動作同時發(fā)生，且強調(diào)“一邊一邊”這樣的意思，一般用 as。 When I c

26、ame into the room, I found him lying there asleep. She sang as she walked. 她一邊走一邊唱歌。注意：while 可以表示對比關(guān)系“然而”。He is short while his brother is tall.,when，while，as,連 詞 用 法 比 較,if和whether都可作“是否”講，在引導(dǎo)賓語從句是一般可互換。例如： I wonder whether (if) you still study in that school. 在下列情況下，只能用whether,不能用if： .在不定式前。例如： I

27、havent made up my mind whether to go there or not. .用or并列兩項以上時。例如：I dont know whether he comes or not. .從句作介詞賓語時只用whether不用if。 It depends on whether it will be fine.那得看是不是晴天。 .作discuss等動詞的賓語時，用whether不用if。 We discussed whether we should close the shop.我們討論是不是該關(guān)掉商店,if, whether,連 詞 用 法 比 較,1. Ill tell

28、 your father the truth as soon as he _ here. A. arrives B. arrived C. arrives at 2. We dont know if he _ us for the picnic. Ill call you if he _. A. joins; comes B. will join; comes C. will join; will come 3. Nobody knows when the windows _. But Ill tell you when I _ the answer. A. broke; find out B

29、. broken; will find out C. were broken; find out,連 詞 用 法 練 習,4. You wont understand until you _ him. A. meet B. meeting C. will meet 5. You will fail in English _ you work hard. A. because B. unless C. if 6. Just because we are young, _ we should work even harder. A. so B. / C. but 7. It has been se

30、ven years since he _ here. A. left B. leaves C. leave,連 詞 用 法 練 習,8. The little boy _ when I came in. A. falls down B. fell down C. was fell down 9. We were reading when the teacher _ in. A. came B. comes C. is coming 10. He became a doctor when he _the university. A. graduated from B. graduate from

31、 C. graduated for,11. Tom works in a hospital _ Mary works in a company. A. because B. until C. while 12. While his mother was washing, he _ his homework. A. do B. did C. was doing 13. The little boy fell alseep while he _ the music. A. was listen B. was listening to C. listened to,表示對比，“然而，而”,while表示“