GrammarFocus

1、Unit 6,Section A Grammar Focus,Review,Translate the phrases.,spread to other countries by accident It is said over an open fire fall into the water take place without doubt,流傳到其它國(guó)家 偶然；意外地 據(jù)說(shuō) 在戶外的火上 掉入水中；落入水中 發(fā)生；出現(xiàn) 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)；的確,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) (Passive Voice),結(jié)構(gòu): be + V-p.p.,am / are / is +動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞,was / were +動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分

2、詞,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):,一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):,Many people speak English. (主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)),English is spoken by many people,The naughty boy broke the window yesterday. (主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)),The window was broken ( by the naughty boy) yesterday.,We bought some books.,主動(dòng)句與被動(dòng)句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換,Some books were bought ( by us ),主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的過(guò)去式 賓語(yǔ),主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的過(guò)去

3、分詞 介詞+ 賓語(yǔ),主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句所遵循的4個(gè)步驟：,1. 把原主動(dòng)句中的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語(yǔ)。,2. 把動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)形式即be+過(guò)去分詞，并注意其人稱和數(shù)隨主語(yǔ)的變化，而動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)則保持不變。,3. 原主動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)如需要?jiǎng)t放在by后面以它 的賓格形式出現(xiàn)（注代詞的賓格），如不需要?jiǎng)t可省略。,4. 其它的成分（定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)）不變。,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種句型,肯定句 主語(yǔ) + be + 過(guò)去分詞 + (by),A sweet song was sung by her on the stage.,2 否定句 主語(yǔ) + be + not +過(guò)去分詞 + (by),3 一般疑問(wèn)句 Be + 主語(yǔ) +過(guò)去分詞

4、 + (by)?,A sweet song wasnt sung by her on the stage.,Was a sweet song sung by her on the stage?,4 特殊疑問(wèn)句 疑問(wèn)詞 + be + 主語(yǔ) +過(guò)去分詞 + (by)?,Where was a sweet song sung by her?,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的運(yùn)用: （1） 不知道誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或沒(méi) 有必要知道誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。 The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. 這座房子太舊了，它是1950年建的。When will the road be op

5、ened to traffic? 這條路什么時(shí)候通車?,（2） 需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的對(duì)象即賓語(yǔ)時(shí)。 Calculator cant be used in the math exam. 計(jì)算器不能用于數(shù)學(xué)考試。 He was awarded first prize in that contest. 他在比賽中獲得了第一。,有時(shí)為了禮貌等原因不愿說(shuō)出行為者,這時(shí)也常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. 新實(shí)驗(yàn)室必須在下個(gè)月底前完工。 You are requested to g

6、ive a performance. 請(qǐng)你給我們表演一個(gè)節(jié)目。,（3）,When was the car invented? It was invented in 1885. Who were they invented by? They were invented by Julie Thompson. What are they used for? They are used for seeing in the dark.,Read the sentences and pay attention to the underlined parts.,一般講，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)可用于英語(yǔ)的各種時(shí)態(tài)。為了能準(zhǔn)

7、確地運(yùn)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，重點(diǎn)是要掌握be動(dòng)詞的各種時(shí)態(tài)變化。各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)舉例如下： 1、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： am / is / are + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 Our classroom is cleaned every day. This car is made in China.,2、一般過(guò)去式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài): was / were + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 His desk was cleaned just now. The station was built in 1928.,How delicious the soup is! Who cooked it?,It was cooked by

8、Mom.,What a beautiful card it is! Who made it?,It was made by ,How clean the clothes are! Who washed them?,They were washed by ,2. Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room.,My camera was stolen from my hotel room (by somebody) .,3. Where did you take these photos?,Where were these photos taken?,4

9、a Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.,4. Our parents advised us not to go out alone. 5. Different writers translated the book into different languages.,We were advised by our parents not to go out alone.,The book was translated into different languages by different writers.,1. He wrote an

10、 article last week.,An article was written by him last week.,2. The people make history.,History is made by the people.,把下列的主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句。,Exercise . 單項(xiàng)選擇 1. - Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular. - It _ in many schools around the world. A. teaches B. is teaching C. has taught D. is taught,D,

11、2. We _ to close the windows before we left the lab. A. tell B. told C. are told D. were told 3. - Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smelt terrible? - Yes. In fact, it _.Thats all because of the people and the factories around. A. polluted B. was polluted C. has polluted D. will pollute,D,B,. 將下列句

12、子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 1. My parents bought me a computer last week. 2. We often hear the girl sing happily in her room. The girl is often heard to sing happily (by us) in her room.,A computer was bought for me by my parents last week.,用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. The pizza was _ (make) by me. Would you like to have some? 2. T

13、he Great Wall is _ (know) all over the world. 3. This story was _ (tell) by my grandmother last night. 4. Was a new science museum _ (build) in your hometown last year? 5. No student is _(see) in the playground.,made,known,told,built,seen,6.Historyis_bythepeople.(make)7.Heisoften_todotheworkbythe te

14、acher.(ask)8.Thebook_byhimlastyear. (write)9.Theradio_lastweek. (repair),made,asked,was written,was repaired,4b Complete the sentences with correct forms of the verbs in the box. The keys,were invited,were brought,was locked,rang,were told,broke,were eaten,liked,4c Write the correct forms in the bla

15、nks. The keys,was invented,was born,worked,learned,was invented,was said,is used,將下列各句改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) He saved a lot of money this summer. 2. We spend large sums of money each year in painting the steelwork of bridges.,A lot of money was saved this summer.,Large sums of money is spent each year in painting t

16、he steelwork of bridges.,中考鏈接,【2011安徽蕪湖】42. These days students in some schools _ not to use mobile phones. A. askB. askedC. are askedD. were asked 答案：C 【解析】被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)students是動(dòng)作的承受者，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；根據(jù)these days可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。,【2011雅安】20. A lot of trees _ on the hill yesterday. A. are planted B. will be planted C. h

17、ave been planted D. were planted 答案： D 【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，由trees和plant構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用一般過(guò)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。,（2011江蘇宿遷） We _ (ask) to help our parents do some housework every day. (2013山東威海) 你能告訴我電話是什么時(shí)候發(fā)明的嗎？ _.,are / were asked,Could / Can you tell me when the telephone was invented?,【2012江蘇南京】Yaxi, a

18、quiet village in Ganchun, _ Chinas first “Slow City” in November 2011. A. names B. named C. is named D. was named 【2012 湖北黃石】You have to stay behind if your homework _ before five oclock. A. isnt done B. wont be done C. doesnt do D. wasnt done,D,A,【2013陜西】The mobile phone has influenced peoples life a lot since it _. A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented 【2013廣西南寧】 Han Hans books are popular. They _ by many