高中英語七選五解題技巧課件(共36張PPT).ppt

1、七選五閱讀 答題指導(dǎo),高考 英語專題復(fù)習(xí),高考大綱要求,試題模式：給出一篇缺少5個句子的文章，對應(yīng)有七個選項(xiàng)，要求同學(xué)們根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容，選出正確的句子，填入相應(yīng)的空白處。 考查重點(diǎn)：主要考查考生對文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。（考試說明） 選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)：主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容） 過渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)） 注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）,題型解讀,1.看標(biāo)題、副標(biāo)題預(yù)測文章大意 2.看選項(xiàng)，找出和文章相對應(yīng)的關(guān)鍵詞 3.通讀全文，查看主題句，分析結(jié)構(gòu) 4.看空前空后內(nèi)容，分析之間的邏輯性 5.靈活掌握答題順序(先易后難) 6. 代入答案，重點(diǎn)核查邏輯關(guān)系。,具體解題步驟：,分

2、析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，把握全篇文脈是閱讀填空題解題的關(guān)鍵。,分析文章的層次包含兩種形式： 一種是分析整篇文章的層次，也就是段落。另一種是分析每一個段落內(nèi)部的層次，也就是語段層次。,篇章結(jié)構(gòu)類題解題技巧,通讀整篇文章，理清文章結(jié)構(gòu)和中心；根據(jù)試題所在位置確定不同的解題策略。,根據(jù)空格所在位置確定不同的解題策略,1)如果空格在段首或首段中間或?yàn)槎温錁?biāo)題 通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。關(guān)注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題 。2)如果空格在段尾 通常是結(jié)論、概括性語句(但大部分還是起到呈上的作用）。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號詞。,運(yùn)用

3、上下文所重復(fù)的關(guān)鍵詞推斷 利用同義詞和近義詞關(guān)系 利用詞的上下義關(guān)系 利用反義詞、過渡詞關(guān)系 理清結(jié)構(gòu)，確定答案，最后再理順一遍,相鄰的兩個句子 中間必定會有 信息的重疊。,細(xì)節(jié)類題型解題技巧,語義鏈： 每一個句子都要包含一些和上下句相似或有關(guān)的東西-詞匯,細(xì)節(jié)類題型解題技巧,語言粘連銜接手段： 詞匯,復(fù)現(xiàn)是指作者在文章上下文不同的位置，對同一個概念進(jìn)行重復(fù)描述,復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，主要是指原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等等,Thesechangesinlifestylelead tonewkindsofsicknesses.72_ Sotheyarecalled,diseasesof c

4、ivilization.,C.Inthatcase,theywouldlivemuchhealthier. D.Acient people also got lots of physical exercise.,E.Thesenewsicknesseswerenotknownin ancient times.,詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)（同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)),詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)（同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)),I have recently got a senior position within my company. One of my new tasks is to make monthly progress reports on my dep

5、artment in front of other senior officials. During my first meeting, I presented and then opened the floor to questions. 66 My first reaction was to answer defensively. Later, I realized that I shouldnt have felt that way. But how can I keep cool and effectively answer questions in this type of sett

6、ings?,B. Restate the question with respect. C. Some ideas can be quite concrete. D. There were many difficult questions.,詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)（反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)）,There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed our jobs or schools. Such changes often leaves us without a friend 71 . Bu

7、t for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.,D. Try not to find fault with your friends. E. Making new friends comes easy for some people. F. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.,On the other hand ,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to- day opportun

8、ities to learn a new culture, meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language, and chances to see different parts of the world. _ Those disadvantages include expense, time away from ones school, family,The following are its advantages. However, there may be a number of disadvantages

9、. Consider a distance education. Most of us are adapted to studying at school.,詞匯同現(xiàn)（同一詞匯范疇）,同范疇詞出現(xiàn)，同范疇詞是指，跟此詞匯相關(guān)或同一領(lǐng)域的詞匯，在文章中共同出現(xiàn)，達(dá)到語義銜接的目的.你可以在選項(xiàng)中找到與此詞匯最接近的詞，從而達(dá)到快而準(zhǔn)，一般來說，上下文中詞匯聯(lián)系越接近，上下文的銜接關(guān)系越緊密,Parents should help their children understand money. 71 so you may start talking about money when your c

10、hild shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.,D. Talk yourself what things that cost money are most important to you. E. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you. G. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.,詞匯同

11、現(xiàn)（同一詞匯范疇）,4)代詞線索法英語表達(dá)中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用無非是指代前面提及的名詞或句子，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。,代詞線索,Try taking these four steps. the next time you are stressed:(1) Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to “trusted adult, such as “parent or other relatives. 72 They

12、 might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.,D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone. E. You need to figure out what the problem is. F. And dont forget about your friends.,The logical connections 邏輯銜接：語段的邏輯關(guān)系,4）邏輯關(guān)系線索法,并列與遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：firstly, secondl

13、y, thirdly,first,then,next,finally,at last,in the end.in the first place,in the second place,for one thing ,for another,and, also,notbut, further, moreover, whats more, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, in addition,as well,to make matters worse. 等;,因果關(guān)系：so, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly,

14、 consequently, as a result等； 轉(zhuǎn)折與讓步關(guān)系：however, in fact,as a matter of fact,nevertheless, though, yet, in spite of, on the contrary, (un) fortunately,otherwise, while, rather than, even if, despite, 等。,解釋關(guān)系infact,actually,forexample,inotherwords,thatistosay,asamatteroffact,邏輯關(guān)系線索,The best way to enjoy

15、 your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. 75 Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be. Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you.,B. Do things together. C. Do not wait to be spoken to. D. Try not to find fault with your friends.,（并

16、列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系）,邏輯關(guān)系線索,It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend. 74 . The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.,E. Making new friends comes easy for

17、 some people. F. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch. G. So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.,（因果關(guān)系）,邏輯關(guān)系線索,Everyone is forgetful, but as we age, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bitand that can be a very annoying thing. 71 Read on for some

18、techniques worth trying.,D. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading. F. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments. G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.,（轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系）,語言粘連銜接手段： 語法,By 2020, Dr. David Davis believes, car tech

19、nology will give motorists a clear view of the road, whatever the weather conditions, by projecting an image of the road ahead on to the cars windscreen. _Cars will be connected by an electronic tow bar (牽引杠）to the car in front to form “roadtrains”.,Every driver will use less fuel in the car he owns

20、. The car will automatically speed up, or slow down, to match the speed of the car in front. And it will not be owned by one individual. And by 2030, cars will travel in line, linked to each other electronically.,_ It is a very happy day for many boys and girls. Before the terms ends in some schools

21、, the children act a nativity（基督誕生）or “birth” play, showing how Jesus was born in a stable(馬廄）.,A. People are often busy going shopping B. Now the Chinese people also celebrate Christmas. C. The turkey or chicken is quickly eaten. D. Christmas Day falls on the twentyfifth of December.,That happens i

22、n the 1980s. And, most recently, she says many kinds of people have joined the movement. _ They represent many races, regions and political beliefs.,They are mainly rich people Parents choose homeschooling for several reasons. Most often, their parents are their teachers. She says these include rich people and poor people.,解題技巧,篇章結(jié)構(gòu)類題解題技巧,根據(jù)空格所在位置確定不同的解題策略,1)如果空格在段首或?yàn)槎温錁?biāo)題 通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致