突破時態(tài)易溷點.ppt

1、Crack the confusing items concerning tenses,突破時態(tài)易混點,Humourous Moments,The Father and His Son Father: You know, Tom, when Lincoln _(be) your age, he _(be) a very good pupil. In fact, he _(be) the best pupil in his class. Tom: Yes, Father. I _ (know) that. But when he _(be) your age, he_ (be) Presiden

2、tof the United States.,was,was,was,was,was,know,Who Is the Laziest? Father: Well, Tom, I _(ask) your teacher today, and now I_(want) to ask you a question. Who_ (is )the laziest person in your class? Tom: I _ _ (not know), Father. Father: Oh, yes, you _ (do)! Think! When the other boys and girls _ (

3、 read) and _ ( write), who _ (sit) in class and only _ (watch) how the other people work? Tom: Our teacher, father.,asked,want,is,don,t know,do,are reading,writing,sits,watches,一、對一般現(xiàn)在時的考查 1.考查其基本概念：一般現(xiàn)在時表示一個習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作。常與表示習(xí)慣的副詞always, every time, now and then, occasionally, often, seldom, sometimes

4、, usually 等連用。但近幾年，對一般現(xiàn)在時的考查常用過去時態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)對考生進行干擾。 1) Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across the open sea, which _the Pacific, and we met no storm.（2005年遼寧卷） was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called,2.考查一般現(xiàn)在時的替代用法： 在以when, till/ until, as soon as, by the time, after, befo

5、re等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，在以if, unless, once等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句和以no matter, however, even if 等詞引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，如果主句中的動詞用一般將來時，從句中的動詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在完成時代替一般將來時。 What would you do if it _ tomorrow? We have to carry it on ,since weve got everything ready. （2005年全國卷） A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining,二、對一般過去時的考查 一般過去時表示在過去某時

6、某刻發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，它常與表過去的時間狀語連用，如yesterday, last year, last night, the other day, just now, then, two days ago, in 1999, at that time等。但是一般過去時也經(jīng)常用在沒有說明過去的時間狀語的句子中，這是高考的命題方向。 I bought a new car three days ago. More than a dozen students in that school _ abroad to study medicine last year.（2005年上海卷）A. sen

7、t B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent,三、對現(xiàn)在進行時的考查 由上下文語境表示時間。 1) Whats the terrible noise？ The neighbors _ for a party（2004年北京卷）A. have prepared B. are preparing C. prepare D. will prepare 2)Because the shop _, all the T-shirts are sold at half price. （2004年浙江卷34題） has closed down B. closed do

8、wn C. is closing down D. had closed down 3) Are you still busy? Yes, I _ my work, and it wont take long. Ajust finish B. am just finishing Chave just finished D. am just going to finish,四、對過去進行時的考查 I was walking down the street when it began to rain.,When it began to rain,I was walking,now,1.把過去進行時放

9、在when, while, as 等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中考查。如果主句謂語和從句謂語都發(fā)生在過去，動作時間長的用過去進行時，表達談話背景；動作時間短的用一般過去時，表達新的信息。 You were out when I dropped in at your house. Oh, I _ for a friend from England at the airport. （2004年福建卷）A. was waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. have waited,2.把過去進行時放在某特定的語境中考查。 Has Sam finished his home

10、work today? I have no idea. He _ it this morning. （2004年全國卷）A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done 3.考查過去進行時與一般過去時的比較。Shirley _a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it.(98）A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing,五、對現(xiàn)在完成時的考查 1.現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響或表示經(jīng)驗

11、。 2.現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去的動作一直延續(xù)至今并可能繼續(xù)下去，常與for或since 等短語連用。,I_(graduate) in 1993 and in that year I _(begin) to teach English in a middle school. I _(teach) there for five years . Five years later ,I _(move) to Pinghu. I_ (teach) senior English in Danghu High School for nearly 8 years ever since then.,graduate

12、d,began,taught,moved,have taught/have been teaching,1) He was hoping to go abroad but his parents _ that they wont support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.(2005湖北) were deciding B. have decided C. decided D. will decide 2) Millions of pounds worth of damage _by a storm which swept acros

13、s the north of England last night. （2005重慶） has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused,3)The window is dirty. I know. It _ for weeks.（2004全國卷） hasnt cleaned B. didnt clean C. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned 注：由終止性動詞leave, arrive, come, go, return, begin, start,

14、 put, stop, start, put, stop, die, fall, buy, borrow, see等構(gòu)成的完成時不能與for或since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語連用。但這些終止性動詞的否定式可以與for或since短語連用。 Eg. I havent met him for two years.,3.考查現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去式的區(qū)別： 一般過去時著重說明動作發(fā)生的時間、地點、方式等，與現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生聯(lián)系，且句中一般有表示過去的時間狀語；而現(xiàn)在完成時只說明現(xiàn)在的情況，對現(xiàn)在有影響。 Where _the recorder? I cant see it anywhere.（98NMET） I _

15、 it right here. But now its gone.A. did you put; have put B. have you put; put C. had you put; was putting D. were you putting; put,The CCTV has been broadcasting English programs ever since 1977.,六、對現(xiàn)在完成進行時的考查 構(gòu)成: have / has been+ doing 概念: 表示從過去某一時刻發(fā)生的動作，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且還可能繼續(xù)下去。,現(xiàn)在完成進行時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別如下： 1.現(xiàn)在

16、完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進行時 I have written an article. I have been writing an article. 2.有些延續(xù)性動詞，如live, teach, work, study, learn, stay等因現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進行時差別不大。 I have lived here for ten years. = I have been living here for ten years. Notes：表短暫動作的動詞（finish, marry, get up, come, go等）一般不能用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。,強調(diào)：已完成,強調(diào)：持續(xù)性，未完成性,1)Now

17、 that she is out of a job, Lucy_going back to school, but she hasnt decided yet.（2004年北京卷） had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to consider 2) - Hi, Tracy, you look tired. “- I am tired. I _ the living room all day. A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have

18、painted,七、對過去完成時態(tài)的考查 過去完成時，經(jīng)常以“過去”為背景，要想表達比這一背景更早的動作，即“過去的過去”，常用此時態(tài)。 Eg. When we got to the theatre, they had sold all the tickets. What a pity!, George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding? No, I _. Did they have a big wedding? （2004年湖北卷） A. was not invited B. have not been i

19、nvited C. hadnt been invited D. didnt invite,常見考點有： 把過去完成時放在含有when, before, after, until, as soon as等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的復(fù)合句中考查。 1) When the old man _ to walk back to his house, the sun _ itself behind the mountain.（2005年湖北卷）A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden C. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid,把過去完成時放在by + 過去時間點或by the time + 從句（一般過去時）的句子里考查。 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium _ in Beijing.（2003年上海春） A. would be completed B. w