級(jí)考試以你可以買(mǎi)歷年的真題做.ppt

1、大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試,Vocabulary 詞匯,大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試詞匯要求：,詞匯量達(dá)到4,000個(gè)，其中2,300個(gè)復(fù)用式掌握； 掌握一定量的常用詞組； 具有按照基本構(gòu)詞法識(shí)別生字的能力。,詞匯量要求對(duì)比圖：,英語(yǔ)構(gòu)詞法：,conventioneer convener intervention intervene convention convene avenue ven revenue prevent revenuer circumvent event prevention eventful circumventer preventive circumvention,常見(jiàn)的詞根

2、、前綴和后綴,大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試詞匯的分布：,在大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四、六級(jí)考試中，詞匯分布在Part III Vocabulary and Structure(詞匯和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu))部分，共30道題，采用多項(xiàng)選擇的形式。,大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試詞類(lèi)分布圖：,以上詞類(lèi)分布圖表明：,大學(xué)英語(yǔ)詞匯測(cè)試的范圍限于實(shí)義詞，即動(dòng)詞（包括詞組）、形容詞、副詞和名詞，而虛義詞如介詞、冠詞、連詞等則屬于語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)范疇。 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)詞匯測(cè)試的重點(diǎn)為動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。在大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試試卷中，動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常為5 - 6題，占42% - 50%。,大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試詞匯測(cè)試內(nèi)容有四種設(shè)計(jì)模式：,同義詞、近義詞題型； 形似詞題型； 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞

3、詞組題型； 介詞及其搭配題型。,同義詞、近義詞題型,同義詞、近義詞是指詞性和詞義相同或相近的詞。英語(yǔ)中絕對(duì)同義的詞是極少見(jiàn)的。同義詞通常都具有極其細(xì)微的語(yǔ)義上的差別，或雖然含義相近而用法卻大不相同。常見(jiàn)的辨析同義詞的方法有四種： A) 從詞義辨析； B) 從詞性辨析； C) 根據(jù)習(xí)慣搭配辨析； D) 從句型結(jié)構(gòu)辨析。,A)從詞義辨析,1. In his speech the Minister of Industry said that industrial exports went up for five _ years. a) successful b) successive c) cont

4、inual d) continuous 2. The _ cause of his absence was a bad cold. a) evident b) obvious c) clear d) apparent 3. Deep freezing is the simplest way of _ food. a) saving b) preserving c) retaining d) reserving,4. Faced with that dilemma, he was _. a) perplexed b) puzzled c) confused d) bewildered 5. He

5、 _ his childs arm to stop him from running across the street. a) grasped b) snatched c) grabbed d) clutched,B) 從詞性辨析,1. Till the end of the war, the man who had escaped from the prison _ in the wood. a) concealed b) sheltered c) hid d) stayed 2. The little boy couldnt _ his curiosity to see what was

6、 in the box. a) refrain b) retain c) hold d) restrain 3. I dont know what Ill do if anything _ to him. a) occurs b) takes place c) is happened d) happens,4. As soon as I walked into the dark house, the boy _ a candle to help me find my way. a) lit b) lighted c) put d) lightened 5. About 150 people l

7、ost their lives in the plane crash, but two children _ the accident. a) survived through b) survived c) survived from d) survived in,C) 根據(jù)習(xí)慣搭配辨析,1. The king his minister with disobeying his instruction. a) charged b) scolded c) accused d) blamed 2. Miss Jones, a reporter for the New York Times, had

8、_ to a lot of industries. a) access b) knowledge c) contact d) engagements 3. Brown was a brilliant musician but he had never _ his early promise. a) completed b) concluded c) fulfilled d) performed,4. I hear that in some countries children are _ from buying cigarette. a) forbid b) banned c) prohibi

9、ted d) not allowed 5. Most children in Great Britain are educated at the public _ . a) cost b) expense c) payment d) charge,D) 從句型結(jié)構(gòu)辨析,1. You must remind me, because I am _ to forget about it. a) likely b) possible c) probable d) able 2. All of them, however, remained _ after the air crash. a) livel

10、y b) alive c) live d) living 3. It is quite _ that he will be present at Alices birthday party. a) right b) exact c) sure d) certain,4. John is in good form. I dont _ that he will win in the competition. a) suspect b) doubt c) think d) believe 5. We must _ that the telegram arrives in time. a) secur

11、e b) assure c) ensure d) insure,同義詞、近義詞歸類(lèi)：,continual, continuous, constant, successive decline, refuse, reject, deny quality, property, feature, characteristic accident, incidents, event, happening blame, scold, condemn, reproach declare, state, announce, claim dispute, argument, controversy, disagr

12、eement grasp, catch, grip, clasp, snatch, clutch, seize ,II. 形似詞題型,英語(yǔ)中有大量的詞，拼法極其相似，有的僅僅只差一個(gè)字母，這些拼法相似的詞稱(chēng)作形似詞。形似詞之間有的意思不同，甚至截然相反；有的則在意思上毫無(wú)關(guān)系。 可分為三類(lèi)： 是由詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)化形成的，例如：advice n. 建議， advise v. 建議。 是由派生而產(chǎn)生的，例如：exclude排除， include包含。 與第一，二類(lèi)形似詞不同，這類(lèi)形似詞之間詞義毫不相干，例如：intelligent聰明的，有才智的；intelligible易了解的，易領(lǐng)悟的。,由于形似詞極

13、易混淆，在大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試詞匯選擇題中，常有形似詞辨別題，辨別題中的形似詞大多屬于第三類(lèi)。,1. Because these lines are taken out of _, they d o not convey the message the author intended. a) content b) contact c) context d) contract 2. Languages slowly but constantly _ from older forms into new ones. a) revolve b) evolve c) involve d) resolve 3

14、. It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and _ knowledge. a) extensive b) expansive c) intensive d) expensive,4. Mrs. Smith was originally of Danish nationality. But now she is a/an _ to the United States. a) exile b) migrant c) emigrant d) immigrant 5. If you do somethin

15、g on your own _ , you plan it and decide to do it yourself without anyone telling you what to do. a) initial b) initiative c) initiate d) beginning 6. No one imagined that the apparently _ businessman was really a criminal. a) respectful b) respective c) respectable d) respected,形似詞歸類(lèi)：,crash, clash,

16、 crush adapt, adopt, adept insure, ensure, assure acquire, inquire, require attitude, altitude, latitude, aptitude presume, resume, consume, assume contribute, distribute, attribute, tribute respectable, respectful, respective, respecting ,I. 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞詞組題型,A) 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞指由動(dòng)詞加副詞（如：hurry up），動(dòng)詞加介詞（如：look

17、after）和動(dòng)詞加副詞再加介詞（如：make up of）構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)。由于這種短語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)單獨(dú)的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（如：put off = postpone），有固定的結(jié)構(gòu)，因而可作為一個(gè)獨(dú)立的語(yǔ)義與語(yǔ)法功能單位看待。解題時(shí)， 有些動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)組成部分猜測(cè)詞義，大部分則需要記憶掌握。,1. I was speaking to Ann on the phone when suddenly we were _ . a) hung up b) hung back c) cut down d) cut off 2. A love marriage, however, does not necessarily

18、_ much sharing of interests and responsibilities. a) take over b) hold on c) result in d) keep to 3. A car pulled _ at the gate when I was waiting for a friend. a) in b) off c) up d) out,4. We must face up to our responsibilities and not try to get _ them. a) through b) out of c) over d) across 5. T

19、hen the speaker _ the various factors leading to present economic crisis. a) went after b) went into c) went for d) went on,B)動(dòng)詞詞組 動(dòng)詞詞組是指由動(dòng)詞 + 名詞（如：take place）， 動(dòng)詞 + 名詞 + 介詞（如：take care of），動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ) + 特定介詞（如：distinguish from. ）組成的固定結(jié)構(gòu)。其中，屬“動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ) + 特定介詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu)最為活躍。 因而， 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試詞匯測(cè)試題中， 這類(lèi)試題較多。解析這類(lèi)試題的關(guān)鍵

20、是搭配。 1. This ticket _ you to a free meal in our new restaurant. a) gives b) grants c) entitles d) credits 2. The new tax law will not _ until next month. a) take effect b) bring into effect c) carry into effect d) be in effect,3. She felt she wanted to something to the community that had given so mu

21、ch to her. a) attribute b) contribute c) distribute d) tribute 4. His answer was so confused that I could hardly make any _ of it at all. a) meaning b) sense c) idea d) significance 5. He punished the children their carelessness making them pay for the damage. a) by/for b) with/by c) for/by d) about

22、/with,II. 介詞及其搭配題型,英語(yǔ)介詞因其搭配能力強(qiáng)和搭配方式靈活多變，應(yīng)用范圍很廣。因此，掌握介詞的基本方法，尤其是介詞的習(xí)慣搭配，有助于提高詞匯選項(xiàng)的命中率。介詞的習(xí)慣搭配大致分為四種情況： 介詞成語(yǔ)，如：on the whole； 與動(dòng)詞的固定搭配，如：rely on； 與形容詞或用作形容詞的過(guò)去分詞的固定搭配， 如：be surprised at； 與名詞的固定搭配，如：sympathy for。,A)介詞成語(yǔ) 介詞成語(yǔ)系約定俗成，往往不加冠詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞，而且意思比較穩(wěn)定。因而，熟悉成語(yǔ)中的介詞搭配，了解成語(yǔ)的意思，是解析該類(lèi)試題的關(guān)鍵。 1. The thief trie

23、d to open the locked door but _ . a) in no way b) without effect c) in vain d) at a loss 2. The government is _ and will take necessary steps to maintain security and stability. a) on cue b) on the alert c) on the decline d) on end,3. _ their differences, the couple were developing an obvious and ge

24、nuine affection for each other. a) But for b) Above all c) For all d) Except for 4. Your father cant shelter you all the time, and _ he isnt always with you. a) at a loss b) at all costs c) in any case d) in a sense 5. The fastest these animals can run is about 65kph and their hunting methods have t

25、o be very efficient indeed. a) at any rate b) at this rate c) in the end d) in consequence,B)與動(dòng)詞的固定搭配 C) 與形容詞或用作形容詞的過(guò)去分詞的 固定搭配 形容詞或作形容詞用的過(guò)去分詞往往與介詞等形成固定搭配。解析這類(lèi)試題，看搭配即可。 1. He put forward a proposal _ reason. a) lack of b) void of c) deficient of d) sufficient of,2. The managing director told the journalist he was _ of success. a) confident b) optimistic c) happy d) reliable 3. She was _ staying in bed until lunchtime. a) given to b) regarded as c) tended to d) giving to 4. The colony became independent _ Britain. a) on b) from c