新視野第四冊(cè)(第三版)unit2-Section A.pptx.ppt

1、FOREIGH LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH PRESS AIR FORCE ENGINEERING UNIVERTISY,The confusing pursuit of beauty,What are these products in the following pictures used for?,(a),(b),What are these products in the following pictures used for?,(c),(d),1. What are these products in the following pictures u

2、sed for?,(e),(f),2. Are beauty products used by women only? What do men usually do with their physical looks?,Tips, Yes, they are generally used by women. What men usually do may be just shaving and having a haircut. No, I dont think only women use cosmetics. Although men in general do not use such

3、products in daily life, it is possible that male actors and singers wear some makeup when they perform.,1. What is Buzz-Off?,It is a fictional character from a popular animation series called He-Man and the Master of the Universe ( 超級(jí)宇宙戰(zhàn)士) , produced by the American company Filmation in 1983. It is

4、a bee with the appearance of a human and comes from a race of Bee people.,2. Who is Oprah? What is she best-known for?,Tips,Oprah is an American media talk show hostess, actress, producer and philanthropist. She has been ranked the richest African-American of the 20th century and the greatest black

5、philanthropist in American history. She is best known for her self-titled talk show known as The Oprah Winfrey Show. The show has become the highest-rated program of its kind in history and won many awards.,This part is the introduction. It tells the readers that it is very hard for a man to answer

6、when a woman asks him how she looks.,Part I (Paras. 1- _),2,Men stick to an opinion and like to think of themselves as average-looking. (Paras. 3-4),Women tend to think their appearance is “not good enough”. (Para. 5),Girls dolls have slim figures whose physical measurements are impossible for livin

7、g human beings to achieve.,Boys toys are weird-looking.,The beauty industry convinces women that they must buy the newest beauty products and apply them carefully. (Para. 7),Men are not influenced by the beauty industry; they dont face the societal focus purely on physical beauty. (Para. 8),What are

8、 the differences between men and women in care for details in womens appearance? (Paras. 9-10),This part is the body of the essay, in which men and women are contrasted on three points. Firstly, it concerns how the two sexes _ their own looks. Secondly, it focuses on the _ and _ factors that cause t

9、he differences in the way men and women view their own appearances. Finally, it talks about the different degree of attention women and men pay to the extra _ of womens appearance.,Part II (Paras. 3- _),10,psychological,perceive,societal,details,This part is the conclusion, which restates the author

10、s view that there is no easy way for a man to answer a womans question of how she looks.,Part III (Para. 11),When a woman asks a man how she looks, it is very hard for the man to answer. (Paras. 1-2),Introduction,Introduction,Main body: contrast between men and women on three points,Supporting view

11、1,Supporting view 2,Supporting view 3,Men do not think of their looks in the same way as women do.,The differences between how women and men view their own looks are caused by complex psychological and societal factors.,Differences in care for details in womens appearance.,There is no easy way for a

12、 man to answer a womans question of how she looks. (Para. 11),Introduction,Main body,Conclusion,Introduction,Main body,Conclusion,化妝用品,香水,面容,變古銅色(v.),黏土,全套服裝,飾物,涂抹(v.),配額,梳妝(v.),短暫的,同類的,有缺陷的,夸大 (v.),使見(jiàn)絀 (v.),極迷人的,粘上(v.),傲慢的,彈性,使著魔 (v.),女人的態(tài)度,Beauty kits,男人的態(tài)度,B. Topic-centered Study of New Words and

13、 Their Use,家用器具,accessory,outfit,perfume,complexion,bronze,clay,appliance,deficient,magnify,obsess,Womens stance,eclipse,elasticity,gorgeous,撫慰 (v.),appease,堅(jiān)信 (v.),adhere,化妝品,Mens stance,arrogant,affix,homogeneous,transient,allotment,groom,plaster,cosmetic,口紅,lipstick,Topic?,Attitudes towards beaut

14、y,Her _ with looking like Barbie led to her death after repeated unsuccessful plastic surgeries.,obsession,B. Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their Use,A stamp, if _ upside down to the envelope, will turn into a shy token of “I love you” in the culture.,affixed,We are often overwhelmed with bl

15、ue feelings because we tend to _ the dark side of our life.,magnify,B. Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their Use,No amount of money with her life will _ her desire for comfort.,appease,His inborn _ in speech was overcome through his painstaking diligence in training himself to become an outsta

16、nding speaker.,deficiency,B. Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their Use,The better way of avoiding sunburn in the hot summer is to _ sunscreen over your exposed parts.,plaster,B. Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their Use,She sees beauty as a(n) _ to charm in that there is much more to cha

17、rm than beauty in her eyes.,accessory,She spends almost an hour _ herself before going out every day, which is why she is often late for class.,grooming,B. Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their Use,In the firm, _ of rewards to employees accords with their credits.,allotment,What one _ to in li

18、fe often refracts ones values and tastes for life.,adheres,B. Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their Use,認(rèn)為有價(jià)值,(attract/ affix great value to),If you really want to attract customers, you need to affix great value to the quality of the products sold in your store.,affix value to,短語(yǔ)逆譯,短語(yǔ)應(yīng)用,如果你真正

19、想要吸引顧客，你就必須十分重視自己店里所賣(mài)產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量。,意群提示,不辜負(fù)；符合,(live up to/ minimum standards),If you want to graduate, you must live up to the minimum standards set by the university.,live up to,短語(yǔ)逆譯,短語(yǔ)應(yīng)用,如果你想畢業(yè)，就必須達(dá)到大學(xué)設(shè)定的最低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。,意群提示,包括，連同，齊備的,(complete with/ a running track),The newly-built school campus is very modern,c

20、omplete withan indoor swimming pool and a running track on the roof.,complete with,短語(yǔ)逆譯,短語(yǔ)應(yīng)用,新建的校園十分現(xiàn)代，包括一個(gè)室內(nèi)游泳池以及樓頂上的跑道。,意群提示,遵守；擁護(hù)；堅(jiān)信,As a devoted senior official, he always adheres to his principle of conduct.,adhere to,短語(yǔ)逆譯,短語(yǔ)應(yīng)用,作為一名忠誠(chéng)的高級(jí)官員，他始終堅(jiān)守自己的行為準(zhǔn)則。,意群提示,(senior official /adhere to / princi

21、ple of conduct),懷有的希望,(be buried / ruins / in hopes of / attract ones attention),The victim buried under the ruins made some sound by knocking in hopes of attracting the rescuers attention.,in hopes of,短語(yǔ)逆譯,短語(yǔ)應(yīng)用,埋在廢墟下的受害者通過(guò)敲擊發(fā)出一些聲響，希望能夠引起救援人員的注意。,意群提示,請(qǐng)求的幫助,(reach out to / encounter / challenge),Som

22、etimes, we need to learn to reach out to others, especially when we encounter big challenges.,短語(yǔ)逆譯,短語(yǔ)應(yīng)用,有時(shí),我們需要學(xué)會(huì)向他人求助,特別是當(dāng)我們?cè)庥鼍薮筇魬?zhàn)時(shí)。,意群提示,reach out to,（變得）對(duì)迷戀,(racing toy cars /be obsessed with),Its hard to believe that these grown men are so obsessed with racing toy cars.,短語(yǔ)逆譯,短語(yǔ)應(yīng)用,很難相信，這群成年人竟然對(duì)玩具

23、賽車如此著迷。,意群提示,become / be obsessed with,表達(dá)對(duì)的看法,(voice ones opinion on/ prospect),At the meeting, everyone was required to voice his opinion on the prospect of the company.,短語(yǔ)逆譯,短語(yǔ)應(yīng)用,會(huì)上，每個(gè)人都要發(fā)表自己對(duì)公司前景的看法。,意群提示,voice an opinion on,Phrase 10,Lexical Collocation voice an opinion on,學(xué)術(shù)界要營(yíng)造學(xué)者就學(xué)術(shù)問(wèn)題可以各抒己見(jiàn)、暢所

24、欲言的氛圍。,意群提示 the academic circles; create a climate; speak ones mind freely,The academic circles need to create a climate in which scholars can voice their opinions and speak their minds freely on academic issues.,“Women argue that they become obsessed with appearance as a reaction to pressure from m

25、en.” (Para. 9, Text) How to convert it into a productive pattern?,A. Extraction where X, Y, and Z are variables that vary from context to context, whereas “does” stands for any verb available in the given context.,應(yīng)用提示 用于“表述對(duì)事物的反應(yīng)”,Productive Pattern ,X does Y as a reaction to Z.,Context I,作為對(duì)女孩亢奮情緒

26、的回報(bào)，男孩獻(xiàn)上了一個(gè)熱吻。,In this context, X = “the boy”, Y = “(the girl) an I-love-you kiss”, Z = “her emotional excitement”, and “does” = “gave”. So the new declarative knowledge arises as follows:,The boy gave the girl an I-love-you kiss as a reaction to her emotional excitement.,Productive Pattern ,X does

27、Y as a reaction to Z.,Context II,我們質(zhì)疑新生事物的可信性是對(duì)它的一種理性反應(yīng)。,In this context, X = “we”, Y = “the validity of something new”, Z = “it”, and “does” = “question”. So the new declarative knowledge arises as follows:,We question the validity of something new as a rational reaction to it.,“The truth is that m

28、ost men think beauty is more than just lipstick and perfume and take no notice of these extra details.” (Para. 9, Text) How to convert it into a productive pattern?,A. Extraction where X and Y are variables that vary from context to context.,應(yīng)用提示 用于“暗示事物的內(nèi)涵”,Productive Pattern ,The truth is that X i

29、s more than just Y.,Context I,真相是，智慧不僅僅是聰明。,In this context, X = “wisdom”, and Y = “being smart”. So the new declarative knowledge arises as follows:,The truth is that wisdom is more than just being smart.,Productive Pattern ,The truth is that X is more than just Y.,Context II,真相是，成功不僅僅是運(yùn)氣與才氣。,In th

30、is context, X = “success”, and Y = “l(fā)uck and talent”. So the new declarative knowledge arises as follows:,The truth is that success is more than just luck and talent.,“By participating in this system of extreme conformity, women are actually opening themselves up to the scrutiny of other women.” (Pa

31、ra. 10, Text) How to convert it into a productive pattern?,A. Extraction where X, Y, and Z are variables that vary from context to context, whereas “doing” stands for any gerund available in the given context.,應(yīng)用提示 用于“表述行為的連帶效應(yīng)”,Productive Pattern ,By doing X, Y is actually opening itself up to Z.,C

32、ontext I,夏天若女生穿得太少，會(huì)使她們易受騷擾。,In this context, X = “too little”, Y = “girls”, Z = “more harassment”, and “doing” = “wearing”. So the new declarative knowledge arises as follows:,By wearing too little in summer, girls are actually opening themselves up to more harassment.,Productive Pattern ,By doing

33、X, Y is actually opening itself up to Z.,Context II,木秀于林，風(fēng)必摧之。,In this context, X = “the rest of the forest”, Y = “a tree”, Z = “destruction from the wind”, and “doing” = “standing out from”. So the new declarative knowledge arises as follows:,By standing out from the rest of the forest, a tree is a

34、ctually opening itself up to destruction from the wind.,想出，提出,come up with,遵守；信守；堅(jiān)持,stick to,在方面；從方面來(lái)說(shuō),in terms of,使確信；使信服,convince sb. of,B. Extraction new ideas; deserve respect,Regardless of age, anyone who can come up with new ideas deserves respect.,Phrase 2,Lexical Collocation stick to,一個(gè)真正高尚的

35、人在任何情況下都能堅(jiān)持自己的行為原則。,意群提示 a truly noble person; under any circumstances; ones principles of conduct,A truly noble person can stick to his/her principles of conduct under any circumstances.,Phrase 3,Lexical Collocation in terms of,一些人習(xí)慣于以小人之心度君子之腹。,意群提示 tend to do sth.; measure the mind of an upright

36、person; a vile heart,Some people tend to measure the mind of an upright person in terms of a vile heart.,Phrase 4,Lexical Collocation convince sb. of,工欲善其事，必先利其器，他對(duì)此道理深信不疑。,意群提示 get sth. done; get ones tool sharpened,He is convinced of the truth that, as a worker wants to get his work done, so will

37、he get his tool sharpened first.,Phrase 5,Lexical Collocation shower sb. with sth.,用愛(ài)沐浴心田，你就會(huì)擁有博大胸襟。,意群提示 have a broad mind,Shower your heart with love and you will have a broad mind.,Shower her with gifts,No amount of sth. will do ,句型提煉,應(yīng)用提示,用于表達(dá)“無(wú)論如何都不會(huì)發(fā)生期待的結(jié)果”再多也不。,句型應(yīng)用,(stubborn / no amount of w

38、ords),典型例句,他十分固執(zhí)，無(wú)論怎么說(shuō)，都不會(huì)使他改變心意。,意群提示,He is very stubborn and no amount of words will make him change his mind.,要達(dá)到這樣的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是很荒唐的，尤其是當(dāng)我們想想那種洋娃娃的腰圍尺寸，就知道其相對(duì)尺寸對(duì)任何一個(gè)活人來(lái)說(shuō)都是不可企及的。,原句譯文,逆譯練習(xí),This is an absurd standard to live up to, especially when you consider the size of the dolls waist, a relative measure

39、ment physically impossible for a living human to achieve.,句型提煉,Sth. happens, especially when,句型提煉,應(yīng)用提示,用于表達(dá)“事物的普遍性或嚴(yán)重性”。,句型應(yīng)用,(study abroad/ beloved ones),典型例句,出國(guó)留學(xué)會(huì)是一次艱難的經(jīng)歷，特別是當(dāng)你不得不離開(kāi)所愛(ài)的人，獨(dú)自面對(duì)全新的環(huán)境。,意群提示,Studying abroad can be a difficult experience, especially when you have to leave your beloved o

40、nes and face the new environment all alone.,我并不是說(shuō)男性優(yōu)于女性。我的意思是你不可能讓一群中年男子在布拉德 皮特的指導(dǎo)下把化妝品敷到自己臉上，期望自己能看起來(lái)更像布拉德。,原句譯文,逆譯練習(xí),Im not saying that men are superior. Im just saying that youre not going to get a group of middle-aged men to plaster cosmetics to themselves under the instruction of Brad Pitt in h

41、opes of looking more like him.,句型提煉,Im not saying that. Im just saying that.,句型提煉,應(yīng)用提示,用于更正“某人真實(shí)的想法”。,句型應(yīng)用,(be of no importance / inner beauty/ valuable),典型例句,我不是說(shuō)外貌不重要；我的意思是內(nèi)在美在大多數(shù)情況下更加珍貴。,意群提示,Im not saying that appearance is of no importance. Im just saying that inner beauty, under most condition

42、s, is more valuable.,不管怎樣，言歸正傳：如果你是一位男性，當(dāng)有女士問(wèn)你她看起來(lái)怎么樣時(shí)，你千萬(wàn)不能說(shuō)她看起來(lái)很糟糕，那樣肯定會(huì)使她立刻遷怒于你，這也是你咎由自取。,原句譯文,逆譯練習(xí),Anyway, to get back to my original point: If youre a man, and a woman asks you how she looks, you cant say she looks bad without receiving immediate and well-deserved outrage.,句型提煉,Anyway, to get b

43、ack to my original point:,句型提煉,應(yīng)用提示,用于表達(dá)“言歸正傳”。,句型應(yīng)用,(shower sb. with sth. /material things/ spoil),典型例句,不管怎樣，言歸正傳：父母不應(yīng)給孩子太多物質(zhì)的東西而寵壞孩子。,意群提示,Anyway, to get back my original point: Parents should not spoil their children by showering them with too many material things.,如果一名男士被一名女士要求評(píng)價(jià)她的容貌，他很難找到正確回答。男性和女性對(duì)外表的看法截然不同。男性不是特別注重自己的外貌，