2013新滬教版8A-Unit4 inventions

1、Unit4 inventions一 必記單詞：FunnycreatetelephonecomfortablecenturyinventSinceanytimedevelopspecialwingintroduction二 必記詞組：Instead oflight bulbin historyat the start of since then each other millions of in front ofkeep in touch with in the daytime make noises keep.off at the same time throw awayin a shorte

2、r time turn into all the time make a mess in the future right now make a mess lead to with the help ofmobile phone三 用法集萃：1. Help sb do sth.2. Begin to do sth.3. Allow sb. To do sth.4. As many+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+as +one can5. Imagine doing sth.6. Feel+adj.7. So many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞8. Keep sb./sth.+形容詞9. A+連系動(dòng)詞be+形容詞比較級(jí)+tha

3、n+B10. (not) as+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+as.11. The+姓氏復(fù)數(shù)12. Make sb.+do sth.四 知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解1、Listen to advertisements for four funny inventions.(p49)1)、advertisement 廣告 ad 縮寫 Miss White recently placed an in the local newspaper. 懷特小姐最近在當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙上刊登了一則廣告。2)、funny 可笑的；滑稽的 adjYoure an extremely funny man. 你是一個(gè)非常滑稽的人。*區(qū)分fun 與 funny

4、fun 與 funny都可以作形容詞，但fun還可以作名詞。例如：玩的開心_ _ _ _ 或者_(dá) _fun 有趣的；令人愉快的。 近義詞：interesting。Jane is .簡(jiǎn)是一個(gè)很有意思的人。funny 滑稽的、古怪的。Jane is .簡(jiǎn)是一個(gè)很滑稽的人。3)、invent 發(fā)明 v發(fā)明家 n ： 發(fā)明 n ： 辨析：invent 與discoverinvent發(fā)明客觀上沒有，發(fā)明以前未曾有過的東西；如發(fā)明新的使用工具、方法。discover發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)客觀已經(jīng)存在，但不為人知的東西或者事物。愛迪生發(fā)明了電燈。Edison _ the electric light bulb.我在樹下發(fā)

5、現(xiàn)了一塊很漂亮的石頭。I _ a beautiful stone under the tree.2、Write a short article about a new invention that you will create.(p49)create 創(chuàng)作；創(chuàng)造 v拓展：creation 創(chuàng)造物 ，作品n creator 創(chuàng)造者 ncreative 有創(chuàng)造力的adjcreativity 創(chuàng)造力 n試翻譯：這個(gè)創(chuàng)造者創(chuàng)作了這個(gè)作品，他很有創(chuàng)造力。The _ _ the _ ,he is _.【辨析】 create 和 make create創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作創(chuàng)造出原來并不存在的東西make創(chuàng)造，制作通

6、過工作制造出某種東西例如：（1）.誰創(chuàng)造了世界？Who _ the world?（2）.他制造了這塊手表。He _the watch.3、telephone 電話 n 給打電話v 其縮寫形式是_, 移動(dòng)電話，手機(jī)是_.給某人打電話的表達(dá)：telephone /phone sb call sb (up)give sb a call make a telephone call to sb I felt so bad that I my friend ./ 我心里實(shí)在難受，于是打電話給歐文。I _ my father _ _ yesterday.昨天我給爸爸打電話了。I _ _ _ _ to Luc

7、y last night.昨晚我給Lucy打了個(gè)電話。4、After its invention, traveling became faster and mor comfortable(p51)comfortable 舒適的 adj，其比較級(jí)是_ _.comfortably 舒適地 adv uncomfortable 使人不舒服的 adjA home should be and friendly. 家應(yīng)該讓人感覺到舒適、親切的。5、In the early 19th century.(p51)century 世紀(jì) n in the early 19th century = at the st

8、art of the 19th century. 在19世紀(jì)初in the late 19th century = at the end of the 19th century. 在19世紀(jì)末He was the most famous writer in 19th . 他是19世紀(jì)最著名的作家。6、practical 有用的 adjOur clothes are lightweight, fashionable and for holidays.我們的服裝輕便、時(shí)尚，并且很適合度假穿。拓展：practice 練習(xí) n practise 練習(xí) v現(xiàn)在我們正在做一些練習(xí)。Now we are d

9、oing some _.7、Since then, people have been able to speak to each other over long distances.(p51)distance 距離 n Its no . = Its no far. 路不遠(yuǎn)。拓展：at a distance隔一段距離， 距離稍微遠(yuǎn)一些in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)處from the distance 從遠(yuǎn)處這只小貓從遠(yuǎn)處回來了。The cat came back _ _ _.8、lamp 燈 n candle 蠟燭 n bright 明亮的adjturn off 關(guān)燈 turn on 開燈

10、 請(qǐng)打開燈。Please _ _ the _.9、Thomas Edison developed the first practical light bulb in 1879.(p51)develop v 開發(fā)、研發(fā) （與invent發(fā)明不同，是在原有基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步提高、改進(jìn)）We need to _ solar energy.我們需要開發(fā)太陽能。拓展：development 發(fā)展 n developed 發(fā)達(dá)的 adj developing 發(fā)展中的 adj發(fā)達(dá)國家：a country 發(fā)展中國家：a country 10、help sb do sth 幫助某人做某事, help 后跟省略to

11、的不定式，類似的用法還有，使某人做某事 make sb do sth I _ him _ his wallet. 我?guī)椭业搅隋X包。The boss _ the workers _ more than 10 hours every day.這個(gè)老板讓工人每天工作超過10小時(shí)。11、They allow people to keep in touch with each other anytime, anywhere.(p51)它們?nèi)菰S人們?cè)谌魏螘r(shí)候，在任何地點(diǎn)彼此保持聯(lián)系。1)allow sb to do sth 允許某人做某事allow doing是某人允許做某事We dont allow

12、 in our house. 在我們家里不容許吸煙。 They _ their children _ go to the park.他們?cè)试S孩子們?nèi)ス珗@。2)keep in touch (with) sb=stay in touch withDo you still_ in _ _your parents regularly after you leave them?你離開父母以后還經(jīng)常與他們保持聯(lián)系嗎？12、With sunlight, air and water, we can be alive on Earth. 有了陽光、空氣和水，我們才能在地球上生存。with 有 without 沒

13、有 沒有水，我們無法存活。We cant live _ _.13、The new cars made loud noises and frightened them.這些新汽車發(fā)出很大的噪音，讓他們感到害怕。make noises意思是：發(fā)出噪音，弄出生音；也可以用make a noise 例如：不要弄出聲音，你爸爸正在睡覺。Dont _ _ , your father is sleeping .辨析：noise ，voice， soundnoise指吵鬧、喧嘩聲，往往是不和諧，不悅耳的聲音voice多指人和動(dòng)物特有的聲音sound指人所能聽到的自然界中的一切聲音請(qǐng)不要在課堂上制造噪音。Ple

14、ase dont _ _ in class.她經(jīng)常小聲說話。She often talks in a low _.在空氣中光比聲音傳播的速度快。Light travels faster than _in the air.14、live a/an life 過著的生活過更美好的生活 15、speak to sb 同人說話speak to each other 互相通話別和陌生人說話 16、across the world 全世界 近義詞：all over the world ; throughout the world17、imagine doing 想象做I cant imagine (wal

15、k) all the way to the North Pole. 我無法想象如何一路走到北極去。18、in a short time 在短時(shí)間內(nèi)19、 I suppose that people could only.(p52)Suppose vt.假定；猜想，推測(cè)；認(rèn)為；讓（用于祈禱語氣）如：Supposing hes right and I do die tomorrow? Maybe I should take out an extra insurance policy.假設(shè)他是對(duì)的，我確實(shí)明天就會(huì)死，那該怎么辦？也許我應(yīng)該再買一份保險(xiǎn)。20、 Keep the dust off yo

16、ur shoes.(p54)keep off (使)不接近; 擋住Keep the children off.Its dangerous here! 別讓孩子們靠近, 這兒危險(xiǎn)!拓展：keep的用法1) (長(zhǎng)期或永久)持有,保有I kept it all the time to remind me of you.我一直保存著它,以此喚起我對(duì)你的記憶。2).(一時(shí))擁有;保管Please keep the watch for me while I go swimming.我去游泳,請(qǐng)代我保管這表。3).存放,保留,保存We keep food in a refrigerator.我們把食物存放在

17、冰箱里。4).使.保持在(某一狀態(tài))OO4O7O8O9Those toys kept the children amused.那些玩具使孩子們玩得很開心。She kept the child quiet.她讓孩子別作聲。5).整理,料理Mother keeps the house.母親料理家務(wù)。6).履行;遵守;保守Everyone must keep the law.每個(gè)人都必須守法。7).阻止,妨礙;控制住(+from)Robbie couldnt keep the child from yelling.羅比沒法使孩子不大叫大嚷。8).記(日記、帳等)Mary keeps a diary.

18、瑪麗天天記日記。9).撫養(yǎng);飼養(yǎng)He needs more money to keep his wife and children.他需要更多的錢來撫養(yǎng)妻子兒女。21、 Can look behind and in front of you at the same time.(p54)at the same time 同時(shí)；然而.如：I saw two boys rising to their feet at the same time. 我看見兩個(gè)男孩同時(shí)站起來。22、The blacks throw away as many cans as the Browns.(p57)23、.we m

19、ake our voice rise at the end.(p58）24、 What do you use it for?(p59) 目的what .for = why 為什么(這是固定搭配，要記?。├篧hy do you want it? = what do you want it for? 你為什么要它？25、What is special about it?(p60)26、If you shout “fly”, the car will turn into a plane in 30 seconds.(p60)27、However, he had to refill it all t

20、he time.(p61) always28、.it sometimes made a mess on the paper.(p61)29、.Zhuge Liang used such lanterns to give signals in battles.(p62)名前such，形副so，多多少少也用so。little屬特殊，“小”用such，“少”用so。30The Kongming Lantern led to the invention of the hot-air balloon.(p62)Lead to導(dǎo)致，引起，通向。Lead a.life過.生活。Lead sb to do s

21、th. 帶領(lǐng)某人做某事。 練習(xí)：一完形填空Thomas, a businessman, arrives in a foreign airport. He doesnt _1_ his passport. Instead, a machine in the wall reads the computer chip in his arm. This has the _2_ about him: his name, age, and ID number. He exits the airport, and a car _3_ opens. When it “sees” him. The car ta

22、kes him to the _4_. His room “knows” he has entered the hotel and “reads” his body. He is cold, so the room becomes _5_. When he goes to bed, the room plays music to help him sleep. It _6_ the music when it “sees” him asleep. _7_ , this machine doesnt exist. But it might be _8_ soon. In five to ten

23、years, computing and communications are going to be _9_ and everywhere, in your walls, in your car, on your body. Scientists has this big idea: to create (創(chuàng)造) better relationship between machines and people. The dream is that computers _10_ will learn to understand what people want.( )1.A.give B.sho

24、w C.get D.look( )2. A.news B. things C.message D.information( )3. A. window B.door C. curtain D.light( )4. A.hotel B.school C.hospital D.company( )5. A. hotter B. cooler C. colder D.warmer( )6. A.gets off B.goes off C.turns off D.takes off( )7. A.In surprise B.At first C.In addition D.In fact( )8. A

25、.great B.new C.real D.false( )9. A.expensive B.helps C. lively D.free( )10. A.finally B.usually C.never D.always二 閱讀理解Long long ago, there were only a few thousand people in the world. These people moved from place to place over the land, hunting animals for food. No one knows how or when these peop

26、le learned about growing food. But when they did, their lives changed. They did not have to look for food any more. They could stay in one place and grow it.People began to live near one another. And so the first village grew. Many people came to work in the villages. These villages grew very big. W

27、hen machines appeared, life in the villages changed again. Factories were built. More and more people lived near the factories. The villages grew vey big. And cities came into being.Today some people are moving back to small towns. Can you tell why?1. The best title of the passage should be _.A. Cit

28、ies or Villages B. Back to Town C. How Cities Grew D. People and Animals2. The underline word “They” in the second paragraph refers to (指的是) _.A. villages B. animals C. cities D. people3. When factories were built, _A. more people lived near the factories B. people began to live in the factoriesC. m

29、any people began to work in villages D. many machines appeared in big factories4. We can learn from the passage that _A. people like to work only in big cities B. some people dont like to live in big citiesC. there will be no small towns in the future D. it is better to live in cities than in villag

30、e5. In what order did people do the following things?a. Worked in villages. b. Lived near the factories. c. Learned to grow food.c. Built factories. d. Began to live near each other.A. d, b, a, e, c B. e, a, c, d, b C. c, e, a, d, b D. a, c, d, e, b三 寫出下列詞語的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)1. good_ _ 2. well _ _3. bad_ _ 4.b

31、adly_ _5. far _ _ 6. little _ _7. many _ _ 8.much_ _四 單項(xiàng)選擇( )1. You must eat _ meat and take _ exercise if you want to be healthier.A. less, less B. more, more C. less, more D. more, less( )2. Who did it just _ Nancy? -I think Susan did just _ Nancy.A. as well as B. as good as C. as better as D. mor

32、e badly than( )3. _ animals are in danger and there will be _ space for them if we dont protect them.A. More and more, more and more B. Less and less, less and lessC. More and more, less and less D. Less and less, more and more( )4. Guangzhou is _ Beijing.A. as not large as B. not as large as C. as

33、not larger as D. not as larger as( )5.-Which do you want to choose? -If I had to choose, the larger one would be _ choice. A. good B. better C. the better D. the best( )6. John jumped _ of all, so he won the game.A. far B. farther C. the farthest D. farer( )7.Im fourteen. My friends is sixteen. Son

34、Im _ him.A. as old as B. not younger than C. not so young as D. two years younger than( )8.The experts think Indias population may be _ than Chinas by 2020.A. more B. less C. larger D. small( )9.Its _ to teach a man fishing than to give him fish.A. more B. better C. good D. best( )10.Tom is terribly ill. Wed better send him to hospital as _ as we can.A. slowly B. quickly C. quietly D. easily( )11.father _ me _ watch TV tonight.A. allow ,