高中英語(yǔ) Unit1 Building the future重點(diǎn)詞匯講解 牛津譯林版選修10

1、 U1重點(diǎn)詞匯講解1.gravity n. 嚴(yán)重性；重力；地球引力Newtons law of gravity牛頓萬(wàn)有引力定律I dont think you realize the gravity of the situation.我認(rèn)為你沒有意識(shí)到形勢(shì)的嚴(yán)重性。2. headline n. （報(bào)紙的）大字標(biāo)題headline news頭條新聞The scandal was in the headlines for several days.這一丑聞連續(xù)幾天都刊登在頭版頭條。hit/make the headlines成為重要新聞3. put (great) pressure on some

2、body (to do something) 促使；強(qiáng)迫；勸說(shuō)；給某人施加壓力做某事，迫使某人做某事Industrial development has put (great) pressure on the environment. 工業(yè)發(fā)展已給環(huán)境帶來(lái)了（巨大的）壓力。Their parents were putting pressure on them to get married. 他們的父母正對(duì)他們施加壓力，要求他們結(jié)婚。拓展：under pressure from 在來(lái)自的壓力下pressure sb. into doing sth. 迫使某人做某事4.wrestle vi. 奮力

3、對(duì)付；努力處理；全力解決；摔跤wrestle with sb.Armed guards wrestled with the intruder.武裝警衛(wèi)和闖入者扭打起來(lái)。wrestle with sth.She had spent the whole weekend wrestling with the problem.她整個(gè)周末都在絞盡腦汁處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題。5. beyond doubt 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)beyond doubt = without doubtHe is without/beyond doubt the cleverest student Ive ever taught.他確實(shí)是我所教過(guò)的

4、學(xué)生中最聰明的。She is without/beyond doubt a great musician.她無(wú)疑是一位偉大的音樂家。拓展：I dont doubt that 我不懷疑I doubt whether/if 我懷疑是否I have no doubt that 我不懷疑I have some doubt whether 我懷疑是否There is no doubt about 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn) that-clauseno doubt 無(wú)疑，很可能No doubt shell call us when she gets there.她到達(dá)那兒時(shí)必定會(huì)我們打電話。I have no doubt

5、that I have made a good decision.我不懷疑我做出了一個(gè)好的決定。6. permanent adj. 永久的；永恒的；長(zhǎng)久的a permanent/temporary job固定工作/臨時(shí)工作They are now living together on a permanent basis.他們現(xiàn)在決定長(zhǎng)期同住。Opp. impermanent, temporary7.expense n. 費(fèi)用；價(jià)錢；開銷The garden was transformed at great expense.花園改建花了一大筆費(fèi)用。Running a car is a big e

6、xpense.養(yǎng)一輛車開銷很大。living/household/medical/legal expenses生活費(fèi)用；家庭開支；醫(yī)療/律師費(fèi)at sb.s expenseWe were taken out for a meal at the companys expense.公司出錢請(qǐng)我們外出就餐。He built up the business at the expense of his health.他以自己的健康為代價(jià)逐步建立起這個(gè)企業(yè)。8. repay vt. 償還；報(bào)答，回報(bào)；值得to repay a debt/loan償還債務(wù)/貸款How can I ever repay you

7、 for your generosity?你對(duì)我這么慷慨，我怎么才能報(bào)答你呢？The report repays careful reading.這份報(bào)告值得仔細(xì)閱讀。9.catch up on 補(bǔ)上；補(bǔ)做；了解（已發(fā)生的事情）I have a lot of work to catch up on.我有很多工作要補(bǔ)做。We spent the evening catching up on each others news.我們那一晚上都一直在彼此通報(bào)情況。10.weaken vt.& vi. （使）變?nèi)?，削弱The team has been weakened by injury.這個(gè)隊(duì)因傷實(shí)

8、力削弱。She felt her legs weaken.她覺得兩腿無(wú)力。You must not agree to do it. Dont weaken.你們一定不能同意做這件事。別心軟。拓展：“-en” 為后綴，表示（1）“使；使成為；變得”，如：blacken 使變黑 sadden 使悲傷（2）“由制成的；像一樣的”，如wooden 木制的 golden 金的11.moreover adv. 此外，而且Syn. in addition, besides, as well asA talented artist, he was, moreover, a writer of some not

9、e.他是一位有才華的藝術(shù)家，而且還是一位頗有名氣的作家。12.squeeze n. 拮據(jù)，緊缺；擠壓 v. 擠壓；威脅；給造成財(cái)務(wù)困難a credit squeeze/economic squeeze貸款緊縮/ 經(jīng)濟(jì)拮據(jù)Shes just lost her job, so she is really feeling the squeeze.她失業(yè)了，所以她真正感到了經(jīng)濟(jì)困難。give the tube of toothpaste a squeeze擠牙膏a squeeze of lemon in your drink在你飲料中擠入檸檬汁squeeze the water out (of the

10、 cloth)把（布里的）水?dāng)D干squeeze through a crowd擠過(guò)人群There were already 40 people in the bus, but he managed to squeeze in.公車上已經(jīng)有40個(gè)人了，但他還是擠了進(jìn)去。Can you squeeze past/by?你能擠過(guò)去嗎？Ive a busy morning but I could squeeze you in at 10.15.我忙了一早上，但還是能擠出時(shí)間在十點(diǎn)一刻見你。13. put (something) into practice 將付諸實(shí)施Shes determined to

11、 put her new ideas into practice.她決心要把自己的新想法付諸實(shí)踐。How will you put your plan into practice?你要如何把你的計(jì)劃付諸實(shí)施？拓展：in practice 實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。14. deposit n. （地下自然形成的）沉積物，沉積層vt. 使沉積；使沉淀，存儲(chǔ) mineral/gold/coal deposits礦床；金礦；煤藏Weve put down a 5% deposit on the house.我們已支付了房款的5%作為訂金。Sand was

12、deposited which hardened into sandstone.沙經(jīng)沉積固結(jié)形成沙巖。Millions were deposited in Swiss bank accounts.巨額款項(xiàng)存入了瑞士的銀行賬戶。Guests may deposit their valuables in the hotel safe.旅客可將貴重物品寄存在旅館的保險(xiǎn)柜里。15. on top of 另外，此外；在頂部，在最上面；（危險(xiǎn)或威脅）非常接近，逼近He gets commission on top of his salary.他除了薪水之外還拿傭金。Put this record on t

13、op of the others.把這張唱片放在其他唱片上面。The truck was almost on top of us.那輛卡車幾乎把我們撞倒。16. push for something 反復(fù)要求；施壓爭(zhēng)取push for sth./push sb. for sth.The group is pushing for a ban on GM foods.集團(tuán)正強(qiáng)烈要求取締轉(zhuǎn)基因食品。Im going to have to push you for an answer.我將不得不催促你的答復(fù)了。拓展：push forward 推行（計(jì)劃）push back 推遲，延遲push on 繼

14、續(xù)前進(jìn)（或進(jìn)行活動(dòng)）練習(xí)一、首字母填空完成句子。1. Rice is grown in his area where it has a very heavy r_.2. To be fair, punishment varies according to the g_ of the offence.3. Mary is facing the d_ of obeying her father or marrying the man she loves.4. We need to establish a legal f_ for the protection of the environment.

15、5. Its not a hotel, in the c_ sense, but rather a whole village turned into a hotel.6. We were unable to meet the r_ on the loan because my husband was laid off.7. Asking questions often generates the spark of c_.8. They ran the story under the h_ “Home at last!”9. We will never w_ our efforts in th

16、e face of difficulty.10. Before my wedding, Ive made a few minor a_ to the seating plan.二、根據(jù)中文填空完成句子。1. In general, old people in that country still firmly stick to their _ (傳統(tǒng)的) ideas.2. We must have a _ (長(zhǎng)期的) point of view and not seek quick success and instant benefits.3. She was _ (全力解決) with as

17、signments in mathematics.4. According to questionnaires, we can find that _ (解決問(wèn)題) ability of high school students can not be optimistic, so it is urgent to improve their ability.5. The government promised to offer financial help to meet the _ (花費(fèi)) of an emergency.6. You will spend lots on clothes i

18、f follow the _ (時(shí)尚).7. The rain left a _ (沉積物) of mud on the windows.8. _ (可持續(xù)的) development is the common target of human beings.9. He reached some _ (嘗試的) conclusions about the possible cause of the accident.10. The dates of the last two exams have been _ (調(diào)換).三、選詞語(yǔ)填空完成句子。gravitypermanentsqueezere

19、paybeyondcatch up onweakenpush forat a crossroadson top of1. _ everything else, my cars been stolen.2. The explosion had _ the buildings foundations.3. How can I ever _ you for your generosity?4. He _ her hand and smiled at her.5. He was _ to choose his favorite university before his graduation.6. T

20、he chances of a full recovery will depend on the _ of her injuries.7. The exercise was _ the abilities of most of the class.8. He has no _ employment to support his family and his elder son has to quit school.9. Tomorrow is the deadline, but I still have a lot of work to _.10. They are _ the elector

21、al reform.四、用所給詞語(yǔ)編寫故事。permanentexpensesqueeze repaymoreoverpush forat a crossroads put into practice on top ofbeyond doubt 參考答案一、首字母填空完成句子1. rainfall 2. gravity3. dilemma4. framework5. conventional6. repayments 7. creativity8. headline 9. weaken10. adjustments二、根據(jù)中文填空完成句子1. conventional2. long-term3

22、. wrestling4. problem-solving5. expenses6. fashion7. deposit 8. Sustainable9. tentative10. switched三、選詞語(yǔ)填空完成句子1. On top of2. weakened3. repay4. squeezed5. at a crossroads6. gravity7. beyond 8. permanent9.catch up on10. pushing for四、用所給詞語(yǔ)編寫故事There is a family which has only two members in a small vil

23、lage, a boy who is 18 years old and his mother. His father died of cancer when the boy was less than ten and thus the familys whole income depends on the boys mother. Unfortunately, his mother doesnt have a permanent job and every month their family only has small living expenses. Moreover, they repay relatives debts every month. To give her son good education, the boys mother works very hard in order to earn money