英語詞匯的最新發(fā)展.ppt

1、,Words are the most important part of language and they are also the product and reflection of the development of language. Social development leads to the development and change of English , which results in the appearance of a large number of new English words.,一、英語詞匯發(fā)展的原因,1、科學技術(shù)的飛速進步,太空船的指令艙 comm

2、and module 外層空間 deep space/ deep sky 軟著陸 soft landing 宇航癥 space sickness 地出/地球升起 earthrise 中子星 neutron stars 創(chuàng)世大爆炸 big bang theory,Microcirculation 微血管循環(huán) Open-heart surgery 體外循環(huán)心臟手術(shù) Test-tube baby 試管嬰兒 Thrombocytopenia 血小板減少癥 Transsexual operation 變性手術(shù) Medicaid 醫(yī)療補助計劃 The pill 口服避孕藥,Supersonic trans

3、port SST超音速巨型運輸機 Microminiaturization 微型化 FORTRAN formula translation 公式翻譯程序語言 COBOL common business oriented language 通用商業(yè)語言 BASIC beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code 初級萬用符號指令密碼,Ecocatastrophe 生態(tài)災(zāi)難 Ecoactivist 生態(tài)學活動家 Thermal pollution 熱污染 Spiritual pollution 精神污染 產(chǎn)品廣告上 environment-frien

4、dly eco-friendly planet-friendly,2、政治經(jīng)濟變化多端,美國20世紀50年代以麥肯錫為首的一伙人極度恐懼共產(chǎn)主，再國內(nèi)大肆迫害民主進步人士，這一時期的政治帶來了新詞 McCarthyism 麥卡錫主義 Blairism 布萊爾的政策 Clintonism 克林頓的政策,在美國，人們談?wù)擃H多的是income gap（收入差別的鴻溝），income inequality（收入不平等）、wealth disparity （貧富差距），經(jīng)濟上的兩極（economic polarization）分化到了空前未有的程度。,關(guān)于毒品的新詞 Uppers 興奮劑 Downers

5、 抑制劑 也成down Dexies 右旋安菲他明丸 一種興奮劑 Soft drug軟毒品 hard drug/hardstuff 硬毒品 Pot 大麻,3、世界局勢動蕩不安,The third world 第三世界 The forth world 第四世界 Non-aligned 不結(jié)盟的 Non-alignment 不結(jié)盟運動 High profile 高姿態(tài) Low profile 低姿態(tài) Special war 特種戰(zhàn)爭,Buzzwords,學歷通脹 diploma inflation Diploma inflation describes a situation that more

6、diplomas are issued in China while overall academic competitiveness of the degree holders is falling, just like the depreciation of currency during inflationary times. “學歷通脹”指擁有各類學位的人越來越多，但是其專業(yè)競爭力卻日漸衰退的狀況。這跟通貨膨脹時期貨幣都會貶值是一個道理。,Hidden hunger is unlike the hunger that comes from a lack of food. It is m

7、icronutrient deficiency caused by a chronic lack of vitamins and minerals that often has no visible warning signs, so that people who suffer from it may not even be aware of it.,“隱性饑餓”與傳統(tǒng)意義上因缺乏食物而導致的饑餓不同，它是由于長期缺乏維生素和礦物質(zhì)而導致的微量營養(yǎng)素缺乏癥。 ：“隱性饑餓”可能導致智障、健康狀況及工作效率不佳，甚至會導致死亡。,Soft addictions are seemingly ha

8、rmless habits that rob us of our time, zap our energy, numb us from our feelings, mute our consciousness and keep us from living the satisfying, meaningful lives we desire.,“軟癮”是一些并無明顯害處的習慣，只是這些習慣會消耗我們的時間和精力，讓我們感覺麻木、失去意識，阻止我們追求我們想要的那種有意義的、滿足的生活。,Womanizer is a guy who gets every girl to like him. a

9、gutless and senseless man who treats every girl like theyre the girl for him, then lets them down by having MANY other girls on the side. Womanizer就是指到處討好女孩子，讓她們以為自己就是他生命中那個重要的她；可結(jié)果，他卻是個沒心沒肺、沒有真情實感，身邊有很多個女朋友的“洋蔥男”。,More and more older people are skiing and it has nothing to do with snow and slopes:

10、this type of skiing stands for Spending the Kids Inheritance, or SKI. 越來越多的老年人加入了“滑雪”行列，不過這里的滑雪（ski）跟雪和滑雪道沒什么關(guān)系，而是Spending the Kids Inheritance（SKI，不給孩子留遺產(chǎn)）的縮寫形式。,“Baby dating” describes a trend where young parents try to find playmates for their kids through online platforms just like adults who ar

11、e looking for a date. They list detailed requirements for the potential “son/daughter-in-law” and display pictures of their kids on different websites to attract attention.,“娃娃相親”指年輕的父母們用“相親”的方式通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)給小孩尋找玩伴的做法。他們會詳細列出對應(yīng)征對象的各項要求，并且在有關(guān)網(wǎng)站展示自己孩子的照片，吸引其它父母關(guān)注。,魅力超男 ubersexual,Ubersexual is a heterosexual

12、male who is confident, stylish and committed to uncompromising quality in all areas of life. 魅力超男是自信、有型有款、對于人生各方面都有堅定追求的異性戀男性。,絕世衰男 omega male,An omega male then is the last man. In essence, if you were to rank all the men in the world by their virtues (bravery, intelligence, leadership, generosity,

13、 etc.), an omega male altogether would be the worst, hence last, of all men.,That man is robbing the cradle! 那個男人居然老牛吃嫩草！,草包美男 man candy,Man candy is a man who is superficially attractive to look at or a man who has an attractive appearance but who may be vapid and lack substance. Man candy（草包美男）指外表

14、很吸引人的男子；或者徒有迷人外表，但其實很無趣又沒有內(nèi)涵的男子。,男閨蜜 Bromeo,The guy who your girlfriend is jealous of because you spend more time with him than you do with her. He is one of your most loyal friends and will not hesitate to back you up in any situation. 因為共處時間甚至長于你的女性朋友而遭到嫉妒的男性朋友。他是你最忠實的朋友之一，在任何情況下都會毫不猶豫地支持你。,Nice g

15、uy syndrome basically describes a guy who will listen to his female friends every complaint, rant, problem, and experience in life; will help them out no matter to the cost to them; would die for their friends without even thinking; but can never get a girlfriend.,“好人綜合癥”說的是這樣一類男人，他們會傾聽女性朋友無止盡的抱怨和嘮叨

16、，聽她們傾訴自己遇到的問題和人生經(jīng)歷；在她們遇到困難時會不顧一切幫她們走出困境；甚至會不假思索地為她們放棄生命，可她們永遠都不會成為他的女朋友。,壞天氣朋友,A foul-weather friend only seeks you out if they have a problem, need a shoulder to cry on, a ride to town or someone to watch their dog, but otherwise they act as if they dont even know you.,Foul-weather friend（字面意思為“壞天氣

17、朋友”）只會在他們遇到麻煩、需要找個肩膀流淚、搭車進城或找人幫著照看他家寵物狗的時候才會想起你，否則，他們基本就跟不認識你一樣。,朋友提款機 FriendTM,FriendTM refers to the situation when a friend low on cash (the paper kind) pays the groups bill on his/her debit card in order to get the cash from their friends-therefore avoiding both the ATM surcharge and the inconve

18、nience of finding one.,“朋友提款機”指一群朋友出去消費后，其中一人用自己的借記卡買單，然后從朋友那里收取他們應(yīng)付的部分，由此解決自己手中現(xiàn)金不足的狀況。這樣一來，此人既不用費力尋找自動提款機，同時還能省一筆提款手續(xù)費。,“藥駕”（drug driving）指服用藥物之后駕駛機動車的行為，與“酒駕”有相似之處。 Driving whilst under the influence of drugs is extremely dangerous and can affect driving in numerous ways.,Vanity sizing, also know

19、n as size inflation, is used to refer to the phenomenon of ready-to-wear clothing of the same nominal size becoming larger over time. 虛榮尺寸（vanity sizing），也叫做尺寸膨脹，指隨著時代的發(fā)展，各類成衣制品在尺寸號碼不變的情況下，實際尺寸增大的現(xiàn)象。,Alpha-wives emerge when more than 50 percent of all households in the USA have a woman as its prime b