譯林牛津模塊七Unit4 Grammar and usage.ppt

1、Unit 3,Grammar and usage,Phrasal verbs,A phrasal verb is made up of a verb and/for a preposition. Some phrasal verbs are separable,while others are not.,What is a phrasal verb?,London Transport hopes to try out the system in September. London Transport hopes to try the system out in Seotember.,1.In

2、a phrasal verb, the adverb can go before or after the object.,Compare the following sentences and tell the part of speech of each underlined word.,He looked around and saw nothing.,She is looking after the old lady carefully.,In the two sentences, around is an adverb while after is a preposition.,Sh

3、e was so ill that it seemed unlikely that she would pull through.,He has gone through a difficult time recently.,Here the first through is an adverb while the second through is a preposition.,An adverb or a preposition is used to make up a phrasal verb.,The adverb can go before or after the object i

4、n a phrasal verb.,Please look the word up in the dictionary.,Please look up the word in the dictionary.,They put on their safety helmets before starting to work.,They put their safety helmets on before starting to work.,A phrasal verb with an adverb does not always have an object. The fire broke out

5、 at midnight. Sixteen years later, in 1884, the Metropolitan Railway Company and the Metropolitan District Railwat linked up.,In a phrasal with a preposition, the object of the preposition always after it. Sometimes people ask for travel information from travel agencies. The Victoria was linked with

6、 other lines at almost every station.,The special train pulled in at 9 a. m.,Prices of vegetables have gone up recently.,I called you several times last night, but I couldnt get through.,If you act like this, you will get into trouble.,The policemen are looking into a case.,The rubbish gave off a te

7、rrible smell.,Sometimes we can add a preposition after the adverb in a phrasal verb.,I cant put up with him any longer.,I am looking forward to hearing from her.,She often looks back upon her bitter life in the old society.,We must catch up with them. Lets face up to the situation. Your ideas fit in

8、 with mine. Lets get down to our business. Well get through with the project next month. He gave in to the wish of the majority.,verb + adverb + preposition,Your long answer just _ (增加) a refusal. You shall _ (改掉) such habits. You must _ (繼續(xù)) your work. The castle _ (追溯) the 14th century.,verb + adv

9、erb + preposition,adds up to,break away from,carry/go on with,dates back to,Many phrasal verbs have more than one meaning. Do you know the meanings of the phrasal verbs in the following sentences?,(1)His accent gives him away as a southerner.,出賣，泄露秘密,(2)He gave away most of his money to charity.,贈(zèng)送,

10、(3)They gave away their last chance of winning the match.,送掉，放棄,(4)The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports day.,頒發(fā),(5)She took me in completely with her story.,欺騙,(6)He was homeless, so we took him in.,收容,(7)Fish take in oxygen through their gills.,吸收,(8)I hope youre taking in what Im sa

11、ying.,理解,(9)She pays the bills by taking in washing.,在家承接（活計(jì)等）,動(dòng)詞短語還可以分為以下幾類：,除了以上所提到的動(dòng)詞短語的幾種類型外:,1.不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞,2.動(dòng)詞+副詞,3.動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞,4.動(dòng)詞+名詞+ 介詞,常見短語有: take care of 照顧，照料; make room for 給騰地方; make friends with 與交朋友; play a joke on 戲弄某人; have a look at 看一看; say goodbye to 告辭,5.be 動(dòng)詞+形容詞+介詞,常見短語有: be late

12、for 遲到 be angry with 生氣 be busy with 忙于 be short for 是的簡稱 be interested in 對感興趣 be famous for 因而著名 be good at 擅長 be different from 與不同 be good/bad for 對有益/害 be friendly to 對友好,6.動(dòng)詞+反身代詞+介詞,常見短語有: help oneself to 隨便吃 give oneself to 熱心于 occupy oneself with 忙于,dress oneself in 穿著 devote oneself to 專心,

13、致力于, 獻(xiàn)身,throw oneself to 投身于,1.It was too dark, and I couldnt make out the words written on the wall. 2.I cant make out what the article says. 3.He made out that he was a famous doctor. 4.She made out a cheque and handed it to me.,a.write in complete form b.state sth. that may not be true c.see/hear

14、 sth. d.understand sth. (negative /question),Please match,Check the answers (P57 A):,1.looking after 2.call, back 3.deal with 4.look around 5.decide on 6.put, off ing up 8.put, through,B:,take off,take up,give up,give out,look up,look into,高考鏈接,1.(2010全國) I have _ all my papers but I still cant find

15、 my notes.A. looked through B. looked for C. looked after D. looked out,2.(2010江蘇) Have you _ some new ideas? Yeah. Ill tell you later. A. come aboutB. come into C. come up withD. come out with,3. (2010江蘇) Do you think that housing price will keep _ in the years to come? Sorry, I have no idea. A. li

16、fting up B. going up C. bringing up D. growing up,4.(2008福建) The news of the mayors coming to our school for a visit was on the radio yesterday. A. turned out B. found out C. given out D. carried out,5. (2010陜西) We had wanted to finish our task by noon, but it didnt quite . A. find outB. give out C.

17、 hand outD. work out,6. (2010四川) It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly _ my friend. A. turn out B. bring out C. call out D. pick out,7. (2010浙江) Would you please _ this form for me to see if Ive filled it in right? A. take off B. look after C. give up D. go over,8. (2010湖北) If we can our

18、present difficulties, then everything should be all right. A. come across B. get over C. come over D. get off,9. (2010安徽) Didnt you have a good time at the party? Of course I did. As a matter of fact, I had such fun that time seemed to _ so quickly. go by B. go away C. go out D. go over,10. (2010山東)

19、 Its the sort of work that _ a high level of concentration. A. calls for B. makes up C. lies in D. stands for,I. Multiple choice:,The world is_ seven continents and four oceans.,A.made up of B.made out of C.made from D.made in,2.I really dont want to go to the party, but I dont see how I can_it.,A.g

20、et back from B.get out of C.get away D.get off,3.Youd better _ some money for special use.,A.pick up B.set aside C.put off D.give away,4.Can you make a sentence to _the meaning of the phrase?,A.show off B.turn out C.bring out D.take in,5.You can take anything from the shelf and read, but please _the

21、 books when youve finished with them.,put on B.put down C.put back D.put off,6.The final examination is coming up soon. Its time for us to our studies.,A.get down to B.get out C.get back for D.get over,7.Its ten years since the scientist _ on his lifes work of discovering the valuable chemical.,made

22、 for B.set out C.took off D.turned up,8.The forest guards often find campfires that have not been _ completely.,turned down B.put out C.put away D.turned over,9.He accidentally _he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadnt been home for a couple of weeks.,let out B.took care C.made sure D.made o

23、ut,10. _ for the glass!, Its OK. Im wearing shoes.,Look out B.Walk out C.Go out D.Set out,11.Unfortunately, not everyone has realized the important part the balance of nature _ their daily life.,A.plays in B.playing C.plays of D.to play in,12.The students studied hard. They were _ for knowledge.,A.w

24、orry B.worried C.eager D.curious,13.She devoted herself _ the problems of the teenagers.,A. in studying B. at studying C. to study D. to studying,II. Translation:,當(dāng)他年紀(jì)大了,他一定會(huì)把他的生意移交給 他兒子的。,It is certain that he will hand over his business to his son when he gets old.,2.即使上學(xué)占據(jù)了她白天大部分的時(shí)間,她也經(jīng)常幫助她的母親。,S

25、he always helps her mother even though going to school take up most of her day.,3.一旦做出了決定,我們所有的人都要堅(jiān)持。,Once a decision has been made , all of us should stick to it .,4.我們必須盡可能快地收麥子,因?yàn)轱L(fēng)暴就 要來了。,We have to get in the wheat as soon as possible because a storm is on the way .,5.我正在和瑪麗談話,這時(shí)侯湯姆插話了。,I was ju

26、st talking to Mary when Tom cut in.,6.這張照片是很久前拍的,我不知道你是 否能辨認(rèn)出我父親。,This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can pick out my father.,Language points,1.put through,(1)put sb. through (TELEPHONE) phrasal verb,to connect a person using a telephone to the person they want to speak to:,Could

27、 you put me through to customer services, please?,你能幫我把電話接通到顧客服務(wù)熱線嗎?,(2)put sb. through sth. (BAD EXPERIENCE) phrasal verb,to make someone experience something unpleasant or difficult:,Im sorry to put you through this ordeal.,我很抱歉讓你經(jīng)受這種折磨。,2.decide on,decide on sth./sb. phrasal verb,to choose someth

28、ing or someone after careful thought:,Ive decided on blue for the bathroom.,我決定浴室用蘭色。,look round (somewhere/sth.) phrasal verb,to visit a place and look at the things in it:,She spent the afternoon looking round the shops.,她花了一個(gè)下午逛商店。,4.put off,put sth. off (DELAY) phrasal verb,to decide or arrange

29、to delay an event or activity until a later time or date:,3.look around/round,The meeting has been put off for a week.,+ ing form of verb I cant put off going to the dentist any longer.,會(huì)議推遲了一個(gè)星期。,我再也不能推遲到牙醫(yī)那兒去了。,5. turn up,turn up (somewhere) (APPEAR) phrasal verb INFORMAL,to arrive or appear somew

30、here, usually unexpectedly or in way that was not planned:,Do you think many people will turn up?,你認(rèn)為會(huì)有許多人來嗎?,(2) turn up phrasal verb,If something that you have been looking for turns up, you find it unexpectedly:,The missing letter eventually turned up inside a book.,下落不明的信最終在一本書里出現(xiàn)了。,(3)turn sth.

31、 up (FOLD) phrasal verb,to make a piece of clothing or part of a piece of clothing shorter, by folding the material and sewing it into position:,He turned his sleeves up.,他把衣袖卷起。,6.fill in,(1)fill sth. in/out (WRITE) phrasal verb,to write the necessary information on an official document:,to fill in

32、 a form,填寫表格,Im not her regular secretaryIm just filling in.,(2)fill in (REPLACE) phrasal verb,to do someone elses work for them because they cannot or will not do it themselves:,我不是她的固定秘書我只是臨時(shí)代替。,7.split up,split (DIVIDE) verb (splitting, split, split),I or T to (cause to) divide into two or more p

33、arts, especially along a particular Line:,The prize was split between them.,這筆獎(jiǎng)金在他們之間平分了。,The teacher split the children (up) into three groups.,老師把孩子們分成三個(gè)小組。,8.Could I speak to the public relations officer?,這是一句交際用語，多用于打電話。, can I speak to Mr Wang, please?,高考鏈接, _,Who are you? B.Im Wang C.Speaking.

34、 D.Are you John?,(2010全國),9.enquiry noun C or U UK,US ALSO inquiry,(1)(the process of asking) a question:,Ive been making inquiries about/into the cost of travelling abroad.,我一直在打聽出國的費(fèi)用。,(2)C an official process to discover the facts about something bad that has happened:,He is holding an enquiry int