名詞性從句練習(xí)

1、 2011-2012 高二英語(yǔ)名詞性從句考點(diǎn)分析與練習(xí)名詞性從句考查要點(diǎn)名詞性從句是高考英語(yǔ)中非常重要的部分，它能使得英語(yǔ)的句子長(zhǎng)度加長(zhǎng)，內(nèi)容豐富且句型多樣。高中階段的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)基本涉及了所有的名詞性從句常用句法，因此高考也在各種題型中考查同學(xué)們對(duì)此項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法的掌握。同學(xué)們除了應(yīng)具有基本的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，如能分析句中的主、謂、賓等基本成份，更重要的應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)一定的邏輯分析能力，能夠正確判斷出句與句之間的主、次關(guān)系及語(yǔ)意關(guān)聯(lián)；能夠分析得出主、從句（可以根據(jù)連接詞的位置），通過對(duì)題意的正確理解判斷使用何種連接詞。同時(shí)注意句中的語(yǔ)序，時(shí)態(tài)及主謂一致問題。名詞性從句解題基本原則： 判斷從句是否缺成份， 若不缺的情況

2、下用that , 缺成份用what,表疑問用whether, 連接代詞，連接副詞看句意?？键c(diǎn)1 主語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞主要：that，whether；what，who ,whatever，whichever，whoever等；連接副詞有when，where，why，how等。例句：1.That the college will take in more new students this year is true今年這所大學(xué)將招收更多新生是真的。2.Whether he can finish his task on time is of great importance他是否能按時(shí)完成任

3、務(wù)非常重要。3 .What we cant get seems better than what we already have我們得不到的東西似乎比我們擁有的東西好。4.Who the letter was from is still unknown這封信是誰(shuí)寄出的還不清楚。5.How acupuncture reduces and relieves pain is unclear針灸是如何減輕和解除疼痛的還不清楚。6.Why dinosaurs suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery恐龍為什么突然消失了還是個(gè)謎。特別提示(1)if不能引導(dǎo)主

4、語(yǔ)從句。(2)形式主語(yǔ)it替代主語(yǔ)從句。常見的it替代主語(yǔ)從句的句式主要有以下幾種：AIt+系動(dòng)詞+形容詞+that從句。如：It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure很清楚，整個(gè)計(jì)劃注定要失敗。BIt+系動(dòng)詞+名詞+that從句。如：It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace我們的希望是雙方能朝著和平的方向發(fā)展。CIt+be+ved形式+that從句。如：It is announced that the plan has been succe

5、ssfully carried out據(jù)宣布計(jì)劃已經(jīng)順利實(shí)施?？键c(diǎn)2 賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞主要有三類：連接詞that，whether，if等，連接代詞what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等，連接副詞when，where，why，how等。賓語(yǔ)從句的考查主要如下：1賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序在賓語(yǔ)從句中要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。如：He asked me when we could set out the next day他問我第二天什么時(shí)候可以出發(fā)。Did you find out where she lost her car?你查出她在哪里丟的車了嗎?2賓語(yǔ)從

6、句的時(shí)態(tài)(1)當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)，其賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)可以是任何適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)。如：She says(that)she works from Monday to Friday她說她周一至周五上班。(從句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))she says(that)she will leave a message on his desk她說她要在他桌子上留個(gè)便條。(從句是一般將來(lái)時(shí))She says(that)she has never been to Mount Emei她說她從來(lái)沒有去過峨眉山。(從句是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))(2)當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過去式時(shí)，其賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)一般要用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^去時(shí)態(tài)。如：He sai

7、d there were no classes yesterday afternoon他說昨天下午沒有課。(從句是一般過去時(shí))He said that he was going to take care of the baby他說他會(huì)去照看這個(gè)嬰兒。(從句是過去將來(lái)時(shí))He said that they were having a meeting at that time他說他們那時(shí)正在開會(huì)。(從句是過去進(jìn)行時(shí))3. 介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句。She is always thinking of what she can do for others她總想著如何才能為別人做得更多。We are talki

8、ng about whether we admit students into our club我們正在討論是否讓學(xué)生加入我們的俱樂部。4.特別提示在使用賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)需要注意下面幾點(diǎn)：(1)動(dòng)詞find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose，assume等后有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，則需要用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而將that賓語(yǔ)從句后置。如：I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day我認(rèn)為每天多喝開水是有必要的。I have made it a rule that I

9、 keep diaries我每天寫日記成了慣例。(2)hate，like，take，owe，have，take for granted等表示“喜歡；痛恨；認(rèn)為”的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和see to表示“注意，留意”后有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，需要用it作形式賓語(yǔ)而將賓語(yǔ)從句后置。如：I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food我討厭他們滿嘴食物說話。When you start the engine，you must see to it that the car is in neutral啟動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)時(shí)，一定要使汽車的離合器處于空檔位置。考點(diǎn)3、表

10、語(yǔ)從句常由連接詞that，whether；連接代詞who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever；連接副詞when，where，how，why引導(dǎo)。1連接詞引導(dǎo)The reason for his absence is that he hasnt been informed他缺席的原因就是他沒接到通知。The question remains whether they will be able to help us問題還是他們能否幫我們。2連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)The problem is who will take

11、charge of this shop問題是誰(shuí)將接管這家店鋪。That is when I realized the importance of journalism那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到新聞工作的重要性。特別提示(1)as/as if/as though引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句常跟在特定動(dòng)詞后面，如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel等。如：It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door聽上去好像有人在敲門。At that time，it seemed as though I couldnt think of the right w

12、ord當(dāng)時(shí)我似乎怎么也想不出一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)淖盅蹃?lái)。(2)當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是reason時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句一般由that引導(dǎo)，這種用法常見于句型The reason whyis that。如：The reason why he came late was that he got up late他來(lái)得晚是因?yàn)槠鸫餐砹??？键c(diǎn)4 同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句在句子中作某一名詞的同位語(yǔ)，一般位于該名詞之后，說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。這些名詞常見的有idea，fact，news，hope，belief，thought，doubt，promise，suggestion，order等。1通常用連詞that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，that無(wú)詞義

13、，也不作句子成分，但不能省略。注意從句用陳述句語(yǔ)序。如：They expressed the hope that we would go and visit Shanghai again他們表示希望我們?cè)偃ピL問上海。I have no idea that she quit her present job我不知道她辭掉了現(xiàn)在的工作。Give me your promise that you will come to our party this evening答應(yīng)我，你今天晚上會(huì)來(lái)參加我們的聚會(huì)。2同位語(yǔ)從句還可以用whether，when，where，why，how等引導(dǎo)。如：The stud

14、ent asked me the question whether the book Was worth reading學(xué)生問了我這個(gè)問題：這本書是否值得一讀。I have no idea why he was excited at that time我不知道當(dāng)時(shí)他激動(dòng)的原因。 考點(diǎn)5 名詞性從句需要注意的事項(xiàng)1that的用法。在主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中that一般不能夠省略；在賓語(yǔ)從句中有時(shí)可以省略，一般需要注意下面兩點(diǎn)：(1)當(dāng)that從句作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，that不能省略。如：They share little in common except that they are from

15、the same country除了來(lái)自同一個(gè)國(guó)家之外，他們幾乎沒有共同點(diǎn)。(2)當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，可以省略第一個(gè)that，其他的不省略。如：I believe(that)youve done your best and that things will improve我相信你已經(jīng)盡力了，而且情況也會(huì)得到改善。2that與what的區(qū)別。that在從句中不能夠充當(dāng)句子成分，也沒有含義；what可以在從句中作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)，意思是”什么，的事情”。如：The hope that he may recover is not gone yet他會(huì)康復(fù)的希望沒有消失

16、。(that不充當(dāng)成分，也無(wú)含義)What he said proved to be true他所說的話證明是正確的。(what作said的賓語(yǔ)，可以翻譯為“的話”)3定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別。定語(yǔ)從句是從句對(duì)其先行詞的修飾或限制；而同位語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)從句前面的抽象名詞作進(jìn)一步的說明和解釋。如：The news that our team has won the game Was true我們隊(duì)贏了那場(chǎng)比賽的消息是真的。(同位語(yǔ)從句，補(bǔ)充說明news到底是一個(gè)什么消息)The news that he told me yesterday Was true昨天他告訴我的那個(gè)消息是真的。(定語(yǔ)從句，

17、news在從句中作told的賓語(yǔ))I made a promise that if anyone set me free 1 would make him very rich我許諾如果誰(shuí)讓我自由，我就讓他非常富有。(同位語(yǔ)從句，補(bǔ)充說明promise的內(nèi)容)The mother made a promise that pleased all her children媽媽許下了一個(gè)令她的孩子們高興的諾言。(定語(yǔ)從句，promise在從句中作pleased的主語(yǔ))真題演練：1. Upon graduation he asked to be sent to _. A. where he was mo

18、st needed B. where is he needed C. where he is most needed D. where was he most needed2. These photographs will show you _. A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like3. _ the Games will be held in Beijing is not k

19、nown. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That4. Do you remember _ he came? Yes, I do, he came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if5._ is a fact that English is accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It6. _ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What; what B. What; that

20、C. That; that D. That; what7. The government has announced that a modern city will be set up in _is still a wasteland now . A. what B. whichC. that D. where 8.Many people wrote articles on _Liu Xiang had failed to compete in the event . .A. why B. what C. who D. that 9.The couple are spending their

21、holiday on _is described as one of the most beautiful islands . A. that B. what C. which D. where 10.The book is meant to _needs it . A. whoB. whoeverC. whomever D. whom11.Golf is rapidly becoming more popular. Near some towns and cities new courses are being built in _. A. what is farmland B. what

22、farmland is C. what farmland was D. what was farmland12. _seems to be no possibility_Li Hua can win the first prize in the 100-meter race.AIt; thatBThere; thatCThere; whetherDIt; whether13._is known to us all is that the old scientist, for _life was hard in the past, still works very hard in his eig

23、htiesAAs; whomBWhat; whom CIt; whoseDAs; whose14.A reward of 1,000 dollars will be given _can find the lost childAwhomever Bwhoever that Cto whomeverDto whoever15.After five days climbing in the mountain, they reached _they thought was the place theyd been dreaming ofAthat Bwhere CwhichDwhat 16._ I

24、cannot understand is _ she wants to resign her present job.AWhat; why BWhich; howCThat; why DWhat; which17._ worries me a lot is that I keep forgetting what I have just doneAAs BWhat CThat DIt18How will you deal with these papers, Ann?I will leave them to_ takes over the job.A anyone BsomeoneCwhoeve

25、r Dno matter who19What were you trying to prove to the police? _ I was last nightAWhere BWhen CThat DWhat20. It was a matter of_ would take the position.A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever21.The chance came last year _ I could go to visit China with my parents. A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where22. Th

26、e fact _ this country spends more on its military than on education and health care combined is a serious and worrying thought. A. where B. which C. that D. why23. -Tell me something about your adventure in the rainforest, please.-We lost our way in the forest and _ made matters worse was _ night be

27、gan to fall. A. what; that B. it; that C. it; because D. what; because 24.A normal young child gains great pleasure when_ he(she) does pleases his(her) mother.A. that B. if C. as D. what25._her so upset last night?A. What do you think making B. What do you think madeC. Do you think what made D. Do y

28、ou think what had made26. You cant imagine _ fantastic fun web chatting is.Really? But it may cause a lot of trouble sometimes.A. what B. how C. why D. so27. Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just_ worries the public.A. why B. which C. that D. what28.The question _ we should cal

29、l in a specialist now was raised by the family doctor.Awhich Bwho Cwhether Dwhen29. On stepping into the office, the girl was frightened to find that the whole office was fill with _ looked like tiny worms. 、 A how B. which C. what D. that 30._ we can find from the following, the number of students

30、dropping out is going down. CA. what B. it C. as D. what 31. Will you see to it _ you brother is OK at home while we are out on work. A. why B. that C what D. which 32.-What about your TEFL test? -I have answered all the questions, but not sure _I could get a high enough score. A. what B. if C. when

31、 D. why 33. _the sports meet of our school is held is still not decided. A. What B. Where C. If D. That 34. Excuse me, _ would you like your tea, white or black? -With milk, please.A. whether B when C. What D. how 35. There is a common belief among them _rubbish can and should be put to good use. A.

32、 which B. if C. whether D. that 36. Human beings are different from animals _they can use language as a tool to communicate. A. in which B. in that C. for that D. for which 37._ David says sound right to Helen. Thats why he has made up her mind to leave the matter to him _ happens.A. Whatever; whate

33、ver B. No matter what, whatever C. No matter what, no matter what D. Whatever; no matter what 38. _ sometimes keeps her awake all night is_ Tom is getting more and more quiet at home. A. That; which B. It; that C. Whether; what D. What; that 39. In some countries, _ called “public schools” are not o

34、wned by the public. A. which B. as C. that D. what 40.-I rang you at about nine, but there was no reply.-That was probably _ I was seeing the doctor. A. why B. what C. that D. when 41.Word comes _ some New Zealand guests will come to visit our school tomorrow. A. that B. which C. / D. about which 42.Great changes have taken place in that school. I