選舉制度詳細.ppt

1、,United States Presidential election,Basic introduction Qualifications of a president The process of the election Two-party system of America United States Presidential election of 2012,outline,Start with the Constitution(憲法) The election day is the Tuesday between November 2nd and 8th(the last one:

2、 Nov. 4th 2008;the next one : Nov 6th, 2012） Candidates for President and Vice-President Run Together. (In most cases, the presidential candidate select a vice-presidential candidate himself.) The Constitution states that suffrage (選舉權(quán)）cannot be denied on grounds of race , color, sex, or age.,WHO CA

3、N BE A PRESIDENT?,At least thirty-five years of age at the time of nomination. He / She should be a natural born citizen of the United states.,The candidate should be a resident of the United States for at least fourteen years,The process of the election,1.Primary election預選 2.Norminating process總統(tǒng)選

4、舉人提名 3.Running競選運動 4.General Election 全國選舉 5.inauguration 總統(tǒng)就職儀式,1: primary election(Feb to June),Each state starts to conduct popular elections to choose their slate of electors: indirect election system.,Each state has its own electors,大規(guī)模的,Each party has its own electoral college(選舉委員會）,2: nomina

5、ting process(July to Aug.),The electors from Each State make up the Electoral College“ The major political parties will officially hold its presidential nominating conventions. In this nominating conventions, The “Electoral College” Votes for the President. Normally ,the candidate for president rece

6、iving the majority(50%) of the electoral votes is the elected president.,3: Running(September to November,The candidates of the major parties will go to many states to win the supporters by means of ： campaigning trips to different states addressing TV speeches showing on TV debates. These media too

7、ls play an important role in running(宣傳造勢） . This process costs lots.,4.General election(November),On the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November in an election year, voters cast ballots for President and Vice President.,The voters do not vote directly for the President and Vice President ,

8、 They vote for electors who are named by the two parties, and the electors will, in turn, vote for the Presidential candidate of their own party, the winning candidate is already elected when the electors are chosen on the election day.,5. Inauguration: January in the next year,This process is simpl

9、y a formality. On the first Monday after the second Wednesday of December in an election year, the electors meet in the capital of their own state and vote for President and Vice President. The Presidential and Vice Presidential candidates who get the majority of the electoral votes are elected Pres

10、ident and Vice President. The newly-elected President takes up office on January 20th of the next year.,Two-party system of America,The Republican party,The Democrat party,dignity strength smart,brave wisdom,party emblem,民主黨全國委員會主席凱恩形容：“這是民主黨的新身份，緊密團結(jié)我們的精神?！?美國總統(tǒng)奧巴馬日前巧妙地用新黨徽作比喻，指“駕車前進時，要把排擋放在D上；若放在R

11、（意指共和黨）上，就會后退！”,Elephant,liberal,market,Government,Support,United States presidential election of 2012,The nextUnited States presidential electionis to be held on Tuesday, November 6, 2012. Incumbent PresidentBarack Obama is running for a second and final term during this election.His major challeng

12、er is former Massachusetts Governor, RepublicanMitt Romney.,the 57thquadrennialpresidential election,the 70th Governor of Massachusetts(馬薩諸塞州） from 2003 to 2007 He ran for the Republican nomination in the 2008 U.S. presidential election, but he lost the nomination to John McCain. In June 2011, he an

13、nounced that he would seek the 2012 Republican presidential nomination. The results of the caucuses and primaries have placed him as the clear leader and in April 2012, the Republican National Committee declared him the presumptive nominee.,Brief introduction about Mitt Romney,Willard Mitt Romney Pe

14、rsonal details: (born March 12, 1947) is an American businessman and politician.,First Presidential Debate: Obama vs. Romney,This debate and the next three - two presidential, one vice presidential - are sponsored by the Commission on Presidential Debates. Tonights 90 minutes will be about domestic

15、issues and will follow a format designed by the commission. There will be six roughly 15-minute segments with two-minute answers for the first question, then open discussion for the remainder of each segment. Thousands of people offered suggestions on segment subjects or questions via the Internet a

16、nd other means, but I made the final selections. And for the record, they were not submitted for approval to the commission or the candidates. The segments as I announced in advance will be three on the economy and one each on health care, the role of government and governing, with an emphasis throu

17、ghout on differences, specifics and choices. Both candidates will also have two-minute closing statements.,奧巴馬羅姆尼開打辯論戰(zhàn) 盤點雙方政見理念差異,綜觀選舉備戰(zhàn)階段，羅姆尼和奧巴馬分飾“挑戰(zhàn)者”和“守擂主”的角色，穿梭于各州拉攏選民，政見上的顯著差異早已顯現(xiàn)，互相批駁的火藥味也日趨濃烈。,經(jīng)濟 羅姆尼：減稅減少政府干預 奧巴馬：增稅加強金融監(jiān)管,醫(yī)改 羅姆尼：反對全民醫(yī)保稱擠壓財政項目經(jīng)費空間 奧巴馬：支持全民醫(yī)保為窮人看病提供保障,外交 羅姆尼：被指具有小布什單邊主義傾向 奧巴馬：

18、借“巧實力”展開務實外交,軍事 羅姆尼：保持強大軍力必要時出兵 奧巴馬：進行裁軍“重返亞太進行再平衡”,奧巴馬選舉人票超羅姆尼10張 差距至危險范圍,中新網(wǎng)10月16日電 據(jù)美國媒體16日報道，美國奧巴馬和共和黨總統(tǒng)候選人羅姆尼之間的競選日趨激烈，決定大選結(jié)果的選舉人票現(xiàn)在相當接近。目前奧巴馬的選舉人票數(shù)僅超過羅姆尼10張，勝負差距已縮小到危險范圍。 據(jù)美國新聞網(wǎng)站收集的各州民調(diào)平均值顯示，奧巴馬領(lǐng)先的州一共有201張選舉人票，而羅姆尼領(lǐng)先的州共有191張選舉人票。要想取得大選的勝利，必須贏得270張選舉人票。但在近一個月前，該調(diào)查顯示，奧巴馬以265張選舉人票領(lǐng)先于羅姆尼的191張。 羅姆尼

19、在10月3日首場辯論中表現(xiàn)強勁，令他在一系列的全國民調(diào)和州內(nèi)民調(diào)中拉近了與奧巴馬之間的差距。據(jù)該新聞網(wǎng)站對美國民調(diào)進行平均之后，羅姆尼以47.3%支持率領(lǐng)先于奧巴馬的45.9%。蓋洛普的最新民調(diào)也顯示，羅姆尼以49%比47%領(lǐng)先奧巴馬。,此前有分析稱，美國總統(tǒng)大選邁入最后4周的關(guān)鍵時刻，而未來8天更是“關(guān)鍵中的關(guān)鍵”。首次辯論后民調(diào)顯示，在俄州及其它陷入激戰(zhàn)的各州，羅姆尼的支持度都在上升。目前奧巴馬支持率領(lǐng)先各州的選舉人票數(shù)，勝負差距已縮小到危險范圍。 根據(jù)美國憲法，美國總統(tǒng)選舉實行選舉人團制度，總統(tǒng)由各州議會選出的選舉人團選舉產(chǎn)生，而不是由選民直接選舉產(chǎn)生。根據(jù)選舉人團制度，選民投票時，不僅

20、要在總統(tǒng)候選人當中選擇，而且要選出代表50個州和首都華盛頓哥倫比亞特區(qū)(簡稱華盛頓)的538名選舉人，以組成選舉人團。總統(tǒng)候選人獲得超過半數(shù)的選舉人票(270張或以上)即可當選總統(tǒng)。,羅姆尼9月的選舉籌款創(chuàng)紀錄,新華網(wǎng)華盛頓10月15日電（記者王豐豐）美國共和黨總統(tǒng)候選人羅姆尼的競選陣營15日發(fā)表聲明說，羅姆尼陣營在9月份的籌款總額超過1.7億美元。這是羅姆尼陣營在本次大選中的最高籌款紀錄，但低于奧巴馬陣營在9月的籌款數(shù)字。根據(jù)羅姆尼陣營公布的數(shù)字，該陣營在9月收到的捐款中，有4315萬美元來自250美元以下的小額捐款，小額捐款份數(shù)占總捐款份數(shù)的93.1%。9月末，陣營手中的現(xiàn)金余額為1.91

21、億美元。這一籌款數(shù)字創(chuàng)下羅姆尼陣營本次大選的最高紀錄，但低于奧巴馬陣營在9月的籌款數(shù)字。根據(jù)奧巴馬陣營本月6日公布的數(shù)字，該陣營9月的籌款額為1.81億美元。由于距離投票只有1個月，因此兩黨競選陣營在10月都放緩了籌款步伐，奧巴馬與羅姆尼在10月更多的是全力備戰(zhàn)三場辯論，而不是參加各種籌款活動。兩人第二場辯論將于16日晚舉行。,The second presidential debate,民調(diào)顯示奧巴馬在總統(tǒng)大選第2場辯論中獲勝,據(jù)CNN和英國廣播公司報道10月17日報道，據(jù)哥倫比亞廣播公司(CBS)最新公布的民調(diào)結(jié)果顯示，在第二場總統(tǒng)大選辯論過后，現(xiàn)任總統(tǒng)奧巴馬以37%的支持率，險勝共和黨總

22、統(tǒng)候選人羅姆尼，成為第二場辯論的贏家。 報道稱，調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，37%受訪者認為奧巴馬贏得此次辯論，30%認為羅姆尼獲勝，33%認為兩人的表現(xiàn)平分秋色。 另據(jù)CNN的民調(diào)結(jié)果顯示，在第二場總統(tǒng)大選辯論過后，奧巴馬的支持率為46%，羅姆尼的支持率為39%，奧巴馬贏了7個百分點。 雖然民調(diào)結(jié)果證明奧巴馬在第二場辯論中取得了成功，但是共和黨籍路易斯安那州州長鮑比金達爾則認為，羅姆尼“完全”贏得了這場辯論。他認為，盡管奧巴馬表現(xiàn)更為咄咄逼人，但是他不能掩蓋自己過去四年執(zhí)政的“失敗”。 據(jù)悉，美國總統(tǒng)奧巴馬和共和黨總統(tǒng)候選人羅姆尼17日在紐約州亨普斯德特的霍夫斯特拉大學舉行兩人的第二場電視辯論。這場辯論以

23、“市民大會”形式進行，兩位候選人回答在場觀眾就內(nèi)政外交事務提出的問題,“謊話連篇”的美國總統(tǒng)辯論,“他們又開始撒謊了。”在10月3日第一場美國總統(tǒng)選舉電視辯論結(jié)束以后，華盛頓郵報“關(guān)于辯論的事實檢驗”的報道用這句話作為了開頭。華盛頓郵報稱，奧巴馬和羅姆尼在辯論中都像雪花般地拋出了各種數(shù)據(jù)和事實，但相當一部分都非?？梢伞?比如，奧巴馬稱，過去兩年，民眾健康保險的支出確實增長了，但這是過去50年來最慢的增長。報道質(zhì)疑稱，奧巴馬試圖拿他力推的醫(yī)保法案邀功說不通，實際上，這兩年增長較慢是因為法案很多條款還未執(zhí)行，而且遇上了經(jīng)濟不景氣。 又如羅姆尼宣稱，他所制定的經(jīng)濟復蘇計劃，將會為美國帶來1200萬個

24、職位，但據(jù)獨立的經(jīng)濟學家分析，未來四年的經(jīng)濟必然會走向復蘇，為美國帶來1200萬個職位，這與哪位當選總統(tǒng)沒有任何關(guān)系。羅姆尼還稱，他將為美國帶來更多的開放市場，但奧巴馬政府一個開放市場都沒有帶來，而事實上，奧巴馬執(zhí)政期間至少與哥倫比亞、巴拿馬、韓國簽署了新的貿(mào)易協(xié)定。,奧巴馬，睜眼說瞎話的高手；羅姆尼，30周內(nèi)共撒了533個謊 奧巴馬被認為有著“睜眼說瞎話”的天賦，能夠把謊言說得“義正言辭”，甚至讓聽者感動不已。一個典型例子是，當去年奧巴馬被問到他是否認為最高法院會判罰他的醫(yī)保法案違憲時，他回答說：“我相信最高法院不會做出這種史無前例的卓絕決定，來推翻一項民主選舉的多數(shù)議會通過的立法。”奧巴馬

25、的措辭讓人感到非常自信而且還很有道理，但其實犯了非?；镜腻e誤。美國最高法院判罰一項“由民主議會通過的多數(shù)法律”違憲究并不是“史無前例”，事實上，美國最高法院這么做的歷史，已經(jīng)有209年之久，最高法院存在的意義之一就是“裁決違憲權(quán)”，這項權(quán)利是美國憲政的基礎(chǔ)。而奧巴馬浸淫法律多年，按理說決不會犯這種錯誤，這只能是一種故意誤導。 而經(jīng)歷了一場艱苦的共和黨初選的羅姆尼，則被有心人盯上，專門統(tǒng)計他撒了多少謊，結(jié)果是：在30周內(nèi)，羅姆尼共撒了533個謊。統(tǒng)計者稱羅姆尼慣于信口開河，例如稱“奧巴馬滿世界的為美國在世界上的作為道歉”，但實際上一次也沒有。,Obama keeps Romney on his

26、 heels in last debate,BOCA RATON, Fla. President Obama and Mitt Romney clashed repeatedly over foreign policy here Monday night, with the president arguing assertively that Romney has lacked the consistency or clarity of vision to lead the country while the Republican nominee charged that Obama has

27、been weak and ineffective in the face of growing turmoil in the world. The two candidates differed most sharply over the presidents handling of the uprisings in the Middle East, his efforts to prevent Iran from obtaining nuclear weapons and his treatment of Israel. But often they seemed to find comm

28、on ground on some of the policies the administration is pursuing.,Winners and losers from the final presidential debate,WINNERS * President Obama: Obama controlled the third presidential debate in a way not all that dissimilar from the way Romney controlled the first one. Obama clearly came loaded f

29、or bear, attacking Romney from the jump for a lack of clarity when it came to his vision (or lack thereof) on foreign policy. If you are looking for moments and remember that the media coverage over the next few days will focus on just that Obama had two with his line about “the 1980s calling” in re

30、gards to Romneys foreign policy and his reference to “horses and bayonets” to call into question his rivals understanding of the modern military. Its possible that Obama came off too hot/not presidential in some of his attacks but Democrats will take a little too much heat following Obamas cold-as-ice performance in the first debate. Obama came across as the more confident and commanding presence by a lot.,LOSERS * Mitt Romney: Romney clearly decided to