機械專業(yè)英語期末考試題及答案

1、機械專業(yè)英語期末考試題及答案1 詞匯翻譯 畫法幾何 descriptive geometry機械制圖 Mechanical drawing投影 projection視圖 view剖視圖 profile chart 標準件 standard component零件圖 part drawing裝配圖 assembly drawing尺寸標注 size marking技術(shù)要求 technical requirements 主軸 spindle主軸箱 headstock卡盤 chuck加工中心 machining center車刀 lathe tool 車床 lathe鉆削 鏜削 bore車削 tur

2、ning磨床 grinder基準 benchmark鉗工 locksmith 機螺紋 thread 電一體化 mechanotronics mechanical-electrical integration 精加工 finish machining粗加工 rough machining變速箱體 gearbox casing 表面粗糙度 surface roughness2 將下列短語譯成漢語1. the fatigue loading（疲勞載荷）2. the radial loads（徑向負荷）3. the thrust loads逆負荷4. the ball bearing球軸承5. the

3、 roller bearing滾子軸承6. the single-row bearings單溝軸承7. the double-row bearing雙溝軸承8. the needle bearing滾針軸承9. the bearing life軸承壽命10. The rating life額定壽命11. the axis of rotation旋轉(zhuǎn)軸12. The helix angle螺旋角13. a right-hand helix 右旋14. a left-hand helix左旋15. an involute helicoids螺旋面16. an involute curve漸開線17

4、. the shaft centerlines軸中心線18. worm gear蝸輪19. the hypoid gear準雙曲面齒輪20. right angle直角21. worm gearing蝸桿傳動22. the lead angle導(dǎo)角23. shaft angle軸線角度24. bending load彎曲載荷25. tension load張力負荷26. compression load壓縮負載27. torsional load扭轉(zhuǎn)負荷28. the bending moment彎矩29. the bending stress彎曲應(yīng)力30. 30.four-bar linka

5、ge（四連桿機構(gòu)）3 翻譯下列句子1. The simplest closed-loop linkage is the four-bar linkage, which has three moving links (plus one fixed link) and four pin joints.（最簡單的封閉式的連桿機構(gòu)就是四桿機構(gòu)，四桿機構(gòu)有三個運動構(gòu)件（加上一個固定構(gòu)件）并且有四個銷軸。）2. Although the four-bar linkage and slider-crank mechanism are very useful and found in thousands of

6、 applications, we can see that these linkages have limited performance level.( 雖然四桿機構(gòu)和曲柄滑塊機構(gòu)是非常有用而且在成千上萬的應(yīng)用中都可找到。但是我們還看到，這些連桿機構(gòu)其性能水平的發(fā)揮已經(jīng)受到限制。)3. The process of drawing kinematic diagrams and determining degrees of freedom of mechanisms are the first steps in both the kinematic analysis and synthesi

7、s process.（畫運動圖和確定機構(gòu)自由度的過程，就是運動分析和綜合過程的第一個階段。）4. The ability to visualize relative motion, to reason why a mechanism is designed the way it is, and the ability to improve on a particular design are marks of a successful kinematician.（設(shè)想相對運動的能力，能推想出之所以這樣設(shè)計一個機構(gòu)的原因和對一個具體設(shè)計進行改進的能力是一個成功的機構(gòu)學(xué)家的標志。）5. Kinem

8、atic inversion is the process of fixing different links of a chain to create different mechanisms.（這個過程的動態(tài)反演是固定的,不同的連接創(chuàng)造出不同的機制。）四翻譯下列短文1.A kinematic chain is a system of links, that is, rigid bodies, which are either jointed together or are in contact with one another in a manner that permits them t

9、o move relative to one another. If one of the links is fixed and the movement of any other link to a new position will cause each of the other links to move to definite predictable position, the system is a constrained kinematic chain. If one of the links is held fixed and the movement of any other

10、link to a new position will not cause each of the other links to move to a definite predictable position, then the system is an unconstrained kinematic chain.（運動鏈是一個構(gòu)件系統(tǒng)裝置即若干個剛體，它們或者彼此鉸接或者互相接觸，方式上是允許它們彼此間產(chǎn)生相對運動。如果構(gòu)件中的某一構(gòu)件被固定而使任何其他一個構(gòu)件運動到新的位置將會引起其他各個構(gòu)件也運動到確定的預(yù)期的位置上的話，該系統(tǒng)裝置就是一個可約束的運動鏈。如果構(gòu)件中的某一構(gòu)件仍保持固定而

11、使任一運動到達一新的位置而不會使其他各個構(gòu)件運動到一個確定的預(yù)期的位置上的話，則該系統(tǒng)裝置是一個非約束運動鏈。）2. A mechanism or linkage is a constrained kinematic chain, and is a mechanical device that has the purpose of transferring motion and/or force from a source to an output. A linkage consists of links (or bars), generally considered rigid, which

12、 are connected by joints, such as pin (or revolute) or prismatic joints, to form open or closed chains (or loops). Such kinematic chains, with at least one link fixed, become (1) mechanisms if at least two other links remain mobility, or (2) structures if no mobility remains. In other words, a mecha

13、nism permits relative motion between its rigid links; a structure does not. Since linkages make simple mechanisms and can be designed to perform complex tasks, such as nonlinear motion and force transmission, they will receive much attention in mechanism study.（機構(gòu)或連桿構(gòu)件是一個可約束的傳動鏈而且是一個從輸入到輸出以傳遞運動和（或）力為目的的機械裝置。連桿機構(gòu)是由通常被認為是剛體構(gòu)件或桿組成的，它們