英語公開課閱讀理解(1).ppt

1、,高中英語閱讀理解解 題 指 導(dǎo) 與 訓(xùn) 練高三 （10）班,Welcome,!,英語高考大綱中關(guān)于閱讀理解的要求,要求考生讀懂簡易的英語文學作品、科普文章、公告、說明、廣告以及書、報、雜志中關(guān)于一般性話題的簡短文章并回答相關(guān)問題。考生應(yīng)能： 、理解主旨要義； 、理解文中具體信息； 、根據(jù)上下文推斷生詞的詞義； 、作出簡單判斷和理解； 、理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)； 、理解作者的意圖和態(tài)度；,1. questions of details,細節(jié)理解題,一般針對某個特定細節(jié)而提出，通讀短文后一般能直接找出答題依據(jù)。 推薦方法： 1)明確題意，順藤摸瓜。 2)按照要求，尋找答案來源。 3)找準關(guān)鍵詞，明白

2、其暗示作用。 4)多讀原文，正確使用排除法。,干擾選項的特點：,1. 是原文信息，但與題目要求不符； 2. 符合常識，但不符合原文內(nèi)容； 3. 與原文情節(jié)極為相似，只是在某個地方（如時間，地點，條件等）有些變動； 4. 選項中所提供的信息部分正確，部分錯誤； 5. 在意思上與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反。,例如： For Norman Bethune, saving lives was the most important thing in the world. Norman Bethune thought that _. A. he himself was a famous doctor in

3、the world B. he could only save lives because he was a doctor C. saving lives was more important than any other thing fr him D. in the world, he should do nothing but save lives,2. Words in context,詞義猜測題,從考查內(nèi)容看，主要是猜測某個生詞、熟詞、短語或句子的意思以及猜測代詞的指代。,解題技巧： 充分利用文中已知信息推測、判斷詞義。 根據(jù)因果關(guān)系、對比關(guān)系、定義、解釋和復(fù)述來猜測詞義。,1. Wh

4、ich of the following is the closest in meaning to the word “ ”? 2. The underlined word “” could best be replaced by “”. 3. In the third paragraph, the undelined word “”means(refers to )” ” 4. According to the passage, the underlined sentence probably means “”,Question forms:,Provide incentive. Tell

5、your children the importance of saving. “For every dollar he or she agrees to save and invest rather than spend, you agree to add another dollar to the pot,” says Cathy Pareto, expert in money planning. （1分鐘）,The underlined word “incentive” in this paragraph means _. honor B. praise C. excitement D.

6、 encouragement, Baker concludes that people do not have the ability to sense when theyre being stared at. If people doubt the outcome of his two experiments, said Baker, “I suggest they repeat the experiments and see for themselves.” （1分鐘） They underlined word “outcome” in the last paragraph most pr

7、obably means _. A. value B. result C. performance D. connection,閱讀中常常會遇到一些由熟悉的單詞派生、轉(zhuǎn)化或合成的新詞。掌握構(gòu)詞法對猜測詞義很有幫助。, The house looked quite normal outside, but inside it was very exotic with fascinating objects on display. As he began putting them into his bag, a dog came into the room. It stopped when it s

8、aw Buster, then wagged its tail madly and went over to him, licking his outstretched hand. “Good boy,” Buster whispered. “What a great guard dog you are - trying to lick me to death.” （2分鐘） Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word “exotic” in the third paragraph? A. Messy and untid

9、y. B. Rich and expensive. C. Comfortable and calming D. Foreign and unusual.,對比是描述、說明事物的常用方式。對比的事物是互為相反的，因此可根據(jù)反義或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系從已知推出未知。,推理判斷題,在做結(jié)論推理題時， 吃透文章的字面意思，捕捉有用提示和線索； 要對表面信息進行深層處理，符合邏輯地推理； 要忠實于原文，以文章提供的事實為依據(jù)，不能主觀臆斷； 要把握句、段之間的邏輯關(guān)系，了解語篇的結(jié)構(gòu)。體會文章的基調(diào)，揣摩作者的態(tài)度及故事發(fā)展的方向。,1. We can infer(推斷)from the passage that

10、_ . 2.The story suggests(暗示)that _ . 3.We can conclude(得出結(jié)論)from the passage that _ . 4.Which of the following might / probably happened later ? 5.From the passage we can tell / learn _ . 6. Which of the following indicates / implies_?,Question forms:,推斷注意事項： 意思要靠推斷得出，而不是從原文照搬。,1. Did you ever hear

11、a strange sound coming from the wall? Did it sound like a clock? If so, it may have been made by a beetle. Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die. Thus the beetle is called the deathwatch beetle. （1分鐘） The sound of this beetle _. A. pleased people. B. surprised peopl

12、e. C. frightened people. D. excited people.,Practice:,2. It is said that people should take a lesson from the clock. The clock passes the time by keeping its hands busy. People who do what the clock does also pass the time by keeping their hands busy and not by sleeping the time away. （1.5分鐘） You ca

13、n tell that busy people_ A. act like clocks. B. sleep the time away. C. dont do what clocks do. D. dont have hands.,3. It is fun to turn over a big rock on the beach. Make sure you turn the rock back to the position it was in after you moved it. If you dont turn it back over, all the sea animals und

14、er it or clinging to（依附）the underside will die. （1.5分鐘） You can tell that rocks _. A. hurt sea animals B. protect sea animals C. wont be found on beaches D. cant be found on beaches,4. How to get the main idea?,主旨歸納題,Characteristics of this kind of questions:,主旨大意題主要考查同學們在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上運用概括、判斷、歸納、推理等邏輯思維的

15、方法對文章進行高度概括或總結(jié)的能力。多就文章的主要內(nèi)容、主題或標題進行設(shè)問。要求學生在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上能較好的運用概括、判斷、歸納、推理等邏輯方法，對文章進行高度概括或總結(jié)。,4. What is the best title for the passage? 5. Which of the following would be the best title? 6. The best headline for the passage would be _.,7. What is the purpose of the text? 8. Whats the main purpose the wri

16、ter is trying to make?,What is the passage mainly about? What is mainly discussed in the text? The passage mainly talks about _.,Question forms:,1 Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(ill

17、ness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smokers cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it? （1.5

18、分鐘）,Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health.,Practice：,2 Often no one looks more guilty than the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professi- -onal criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish t

19、o try to judge a person only by his appearance. （1分鐘）,So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearance,3 If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly draw your attention: “Color TV. Only 79. Two days sale. Hu- -rry.” However, when you go

20、to the store ready to buy. You may discover that they are sold out. But the shop assistant is quick to tell you that he has another model. A much better set which is “just right for you” It costs 395. This sales method is called “bait(引誘) and switch”. Buyers are baited with a sales advertisement, an

21、d then they are switched to another more expensive one. Buying things on sale needs careful consideration of the goods and the reason for the sale. (2.5分鐘) The paragraph could be entitled _. A. Buying A TV Set B. A Selling Method C. Buyer Beware D. TV On Sale,This sales method is called “bait and sw

22、itch”.,(detail) (detail) (detail),誘售法,4 Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. H

23、e is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.（2分鐘）The main idea of this paragraph is that _.A. Tom, who had studied at Paris Universities for four years, moved to another university.B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College.C. Tom was

24、an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university.D. Tom received an excellent education.,detail,detail,detail,Types Of Paragraph Structures,At the beginning,At the end,In the middle,No clear topic sentence,for example,so, therefore,How to get the main idea of a passage?,5 Magellans men were

25、 the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship. Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the trip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean,

26、 on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Island

27、s, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died. Magellans voyage proved that men could s

28、ail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball. （4分鐘） Which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage? A. Magellans death B. Going Around The World C. The World Is Round D. Magellans Voyage, Magellans men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took th

29、em more than two years to do so by ship.,Magellans voyage was the first trip around the world .,Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, o

30、n which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands,

31、 where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died.,1. time,2. ships and people,3. route,4. Su

32、fferings and difficulties,a. Lack of food and freshwater,b. Hunger and diseases,c. Deaths,The process of Magellans long difficult voyage,5. success,Magellans voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.,Magellans voyage proved the earth is round.,Magellan

33、s men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship. Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacif

34、ic Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippi

35、ne Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Goed Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died. Magellans voyage proved that me

36、n could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.,Paragraph 1: Magellans voyage was the first trip around the world .,Paragraph 2: The process of Magellans long difficult voyage,Paragraph 3: Magellans voyaged proved the earth is round.,Magellans voyage,5 Magellans men were the fir

37、st to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship. Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the trip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on whic

38、h they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where

39、 he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died. Magellans voyage proved that men could sail arou

40、nd the world and that our earth is but a huge ball. Which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage? A. Magellans death B. Going Around The World C. The World Is Round D. Magellans Voyage,(too narrow),(too narrow),(too broad),(proper),6 Reading to dogs is an unusual way to hel

41、p children improve their literacy skills(讀寫能力). With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (自信心), according to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group say

42、s it is the first program in the country to use dogs to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs (READ). The Salt Lake City Public Library is sold on the idea. “Literacy specialists admit that children who read below the level of their fellow pupi

43、ls are often afraid of reading aloud in a group, often have lower self-respect, and regard reading as a headache,” said Lisa Myron, manager of the childrens department. Last November the two groups started “ Dog Day Afternoon” in the childrens department of the main library. About 25 children attend

44、ed each of the four Saturday-afternoon classes, reading for half an hour. Those who attended three of the four classes received a “pawgraphed” book at the last class. The program was so successful that the library plans to repeat it in April, according to Dana Thumpowsky, public relations manager.,E

45、xample and success of the program,6 Reading to dogs is an unusual way to help children improve their literacy skills(讀寫能力). With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (自信心), accor

46、ding to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group says it is the first program in the country to use dogs to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs (READ). The Salt Lake City Public Library is sold on the idea. “Literacy s

47、pecialists admit that children who read below the level of their fellow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group, often have lower self-respect, and regard reading as a headache,” said Lisa Myron, manager of the childrens department. Last November the two groups started “ Dog Day Afternoon” in the chil