LP-heater-低壓加熱器疏水及放氣系統(tǒng)

1、,低壓加熱器疏水及放氣系統(tǒng) LP heater drainage water and air vent system,低壓加熱器 LP heater,低壓加熱器介紹 低壓加熱器是在汽輪機(jī)回?zé)嵯到y(tǒng)中，從汽輪機(jī)抽出一定數(shù)量作過(guò)部分功的蒸汽來(lái)加熱主凝結(jié)水的重要輔助設(shè)備。它是由水室，管系、殼體等組成的表面立式結(jié)構(gòu)。 LP heater is an important auxiliary equipment in steam turbine regenerative system, it heats the main condensate water by extracting some steam t

2、hat have done partial work in steam turbine. It is surface heating type and vertical structure composed by water chamber, pipeline, shells and other parts, 水室主要由水室筒體、水室封頭、主凝結(jié)水進(jìn)、出水管等組成。 Water chamber mainly consists of cylinder body, water chamber head, inlet and outlet water pipes of main condensate

3、 water, etc. 殼體由殼體上部、筒體、封頭、水位警報(bào)器連接管 、液位計(jì)連接管、 壓差形成器連接管以及安全閥連接管等組成。 Shell body consists of upper part, cylinder, head, connecting pipe of water level alarm, connecting pipe of level gauge, connecting pipe of differential pressure former and connecting pipe of safety valve, etc.,管系由管板、分隔板、骨架及長(zhǎng)度不等的U型管等組

4、成，冷卻水管材質(zhì)為：TP304不銹鋼管，不銹鋼管用脹焊法固定在管板上，冷卻水管管徑：160.9，管束的脹差因管子呈U型而自行補(bǔ)償。 Pipe system consists of tube plate, partition board, U pipe with different frames and lengths and so on. Material of cooling pipe is: TP304 stainless steel pipe which is fixed on tube plate by means of expanded and welded tube joint.

5、The diameter of cooling water pipe: 160.9, differential expansion of tube bank is compensated by itself because of its U shape. 主凝結(jié)水是由主凝結(jié)水進(jìn)口流入水室，然后進(jìn)入U(xiǎn)型管，流經(jīng)幾個(gè)流程被蒸汽加熱后由主凝結(jié)水出口流出。蒸汽由殼體上部的蒸汽進(jìn)口流入，借中間管板做曲折流動(dòng)同時(shí)被凝結(jié)成水，再由殼體下部的疏水口流出。少量不凝結(jié)氣體經(jīng)空氣抽出管抽出，排入凝汽器上部。 Main condensate water from its inlet flows into water

6、chamber, and then flows into U tube, then it is heated by steam in several flows, finally flows out from its outlet. Steam from its inlet at upper part of shell flows into middle tube plate in which it is turned into condensate water at the same time, and then flows out from drain outlet at bottom o

7、f shell body. A little non-condensed air is bled out by air bleeding pipe, and then flows into upper part of condenser.,高、低加熱器端差表（加熱器編號(hào)及數(shù)量按照抽汽壓力由高到低排列） ends difference of LP heater and HP heater (the heaters serial number and quantity are arranged according to the bleeding steam pressure from high t

8、o low.),低壓加熱器的操作 Operation of LP heater,低壓加熱器投運(yùn)： 1） 檢查并保證疏水調(diào)節(jié)閥，水位計(jì)，水位控制等的功能正常，測(cè)量計(jì)正常。 2） 檢查主抽汽閥和抽汽管道上的閥門以確保它們?cè)谡５奈恢蒙稀?3） 檢查蒸汽進(jìn)汽閥和進(jìn)水閥、出水閥，保證它們關(guān)閉。 Put LP heater into operation： 1） Check and ensure the functions of governing valve, water level meter and water level control, etc are normal, and the meter

9、 is normal. 2） Check main steam bleeding valve and valves on steam bleeding pipes to ensure they are in the right positions . 3） Check steam inlet valve and water inlet and outlet valves to ensure they are closed.,4) 加熱器的啟動(dòng)是在汽輪機(jī)帶一定負(fù)荷后投入運(yùn)行，按其號(hào)數(shù)由低壓至高壓抽汽先后順序進(jìn)行。 5） 緩慢打開進(jìn)水閥門，開啟水室上的放氣閥，待放氣閥向外溢水時(shí)將其關(guān)閉，然后緩慢開

10、啟出水閥門。關(guān)閉旁路閥門。 6） 關(guān)閉疏水調(diào)節(jié)閥 7） 打開所有的空氣閥，讓殼體內(nèi)的空氣進(jìn)入凝汽器。 4) Startup of heaters are performed after turbine has a certain load; they are started according to the numerical order of steam bleeding sequence from LP to HP. 5） Slowly open the water inlet valve and open air vent valve on water chamber. Close ai

11、r vent valve after water overflows from it, and then slowly open water outlet valve and close bypass valve. 6） Close water drainage control valve. 7） Open all air valves to allow the air from the shell to enter in condenser.,8） 逐漸打開蒸汽進(jìn)汽閥對(duì)管道預(yù)暖，同時(shí)，打開疏水調(diào)節(jié)閥。 9） 在管被加熱后打開蒸汽進(jìn)汽閥，調(diào)節(jié)疏水調(diào)節(jié)閥保持水在正常的水位。 10） 聯(lián)系熱工投入

12、低加水位自動(dòng)。 8） Open steam inlet valve gradually to warm up the heat-exchange pipe, at the same time open drainage control valve. 9） After heat-exchange pipe is heated up, open steam inlet valve, and adjust drainage control valve to maintain water level in the normal position. 10） Contact I inner steam p

13、ressure of LP heater Drain water temperature Opening degree of drain water control valve Monitor and check whether the closed condensate bypass valve leaks or not. If the outlet water temperature of LP heater is decreasing because of leakage of condensate bypass valve, the leakage should be stopped

14、immediately. Monitor and check up the terminal temperature difference of LP heater (under pressure of inlet steam, temperature difference of saturated temperature and outlet water temperature). When terminal difference increases, find the reason and solve the problem.,5） 定期檢查并試驗(yàn)疏水調(diào)節(jié)閥、危急疏水閥和抽汽逆止閥、進(jìn)汽閥

15、的聯(lián)鎖裝置。 6） 定期沖洗水位計(jì)。檢查上下小閥門的通向是否正確，防止出現(xiàn)假水位。 5） Do periodical inspection and test for drain water control valve, emergency drain valve, bleed steam non-return valve and the interlock device of steam admission valve. 6） Flush water gauge periodically. Check whether the upper/lower flow directions of sma

16、ll valves are correct or not so as to prevent false water level.,低壓加熱器的巡回檢查頻率 正常運(yùn)行中，應(yīng)對(duì)高壓加熱器的水位，汽側(cè)壓力、溫度，水側(cè)壓力、溫度，疏水溫度、疏水閥的開度等，每1h或2h進(jìn)行檢查并作好記錄；其余項(xiàng)目應(yīng)做不定期檢查和維護(hù) 低壓加熱器停運(yùn)后的維護(hù)與保養(yǎng) 1） 在運(yùn)行中發(fā)現(xiàn)低加水位不正常而停用后，可采用向管束注水、汽側(cè)用水或空氣打壓等辦法來(lái)判斷管束是否泄露，并確定泄露部位。 Patrol inspection frequency for LP heater During normal running, chec

17、k and record the following parameters once per 1h or 2 hours: water level of HP heater, steam side pressure and temperature, water side pressure and temperature, drain water temperature and opening degree of drain valve, etc. The rest parameters are not necessary for periodical inspection and mainte

18、nance. Maintenance after the shutdown of LP heater 1） During running, if LP heater is stopped due to abnormal water level, judge whether tube bank leaks or not by filling water in tube bank or using water pressure or air pressure; if it leaks, confirm the leakage position.,2） 對(duì)泄露的管子可以用與管子相同或類似材料制成的有錐度的塞子堵住管口，并密封焊好。管口泄露時(shí)進(jìn)行補(bǔ)焊。 3） 為防止凝結(jié)水管道的沖蝕，運(yùn)行中低加水側(cè)通流量不應(yīng)超過(guò)制造廠規(guī)定的極限數(shù)值。 2） As for the leaking pipes, it could be blocked by tapered plug which was made of material that is the same or similar with pipe materials, and weld them well. When pipe leaks, rep