名詞性從句的特點

1、英語名詞性從句的特點英語的名詞性從句（Noun clause）具有名詞的句法功能，在句子中充當主語、賓語、表語和同位語。其表現(xiàn)特點有以下六個方面：1來源于疑問句并含間接疑問的名詞性從句。例如：How the prisoner escaped remains a mystery.（主語從句）試比較：How did the prisoner escape?I wonder whether/if he is fit for the job.（賓語從句）試比較：Is he fit for the job?The problem is who will be equal to the task.（表語從

2、句）試比較：Who will be equal to the task?He had no idea whether we could overcome the present difficulties or not.（同位語從句）試比較：He asked whether/if we could overcome the present difficulties.引導此類名詞性從句的連接詞直接來源于疑問句的疑問詞。名詞性從句用陳述句語序。2來源于陳述句的名詞性從句。例如：That he came back made us very happy.（主語從句）試比較：He came back.Im

3、 sorry (that) Ive made a mistake.（賓語從句）試比較：Ive made a mistake.He pretended (that) he didnt see me.（賓語從句）試比較：He didnt see me.The fact is that his bark is worse than his bite.（表語從句）試比較：His bark is worse than his bite.Word came that he would come to see us all.（同位語從句）試比較：He would come to see us all.由此可

4、見，凡由陳述演繹而來的名詞性從句，其引導詞一律為that。引導賓語從句的that在口語或非正式語體中?？墒÷浴?來源于“先行詞+定語從句”的名詞性從句，其引導詞一般是含有先行詞在內(nèi)的關系代詞“what”。例如：What the teacher says has a deep effect on his pupils.（主語從句）試比較：All (that)the teacher says has a deep effect on his pupils.The doctor did what he could to save the dying boy.（賓語從句）試比較：The doctor

5、did everything (that)he could to save the dying boy.China is no longer what she used to be.（表語從句）試比較：China is no longer the country that she used to be. 4來清于“any+定語從句”的強調(diào)式名詞性從句，其引導詞為whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever等。例如：Whoever breaks the law is to be punished.（主語從句）試比較：Anyone who breaks the la

6、w is to be punished.He will give the dictionary to whoever needs if most.（賓語從句）試比較：He will give the dictionary to anyone who needs it most. Well remember whomever we turned to for help. 試比較：Well remember anyone (whom) we turned to for help.They will do whatever he wants them to do.（賓語從句）試比較：They wil

7、l do anything that he wants them to do. Ill read whichever book you give me.（賓語從句）試比較：Ill read any of the books that you give me. Whoever comes first may have enough to do.（主語從句）試比較：Anyone who comes first may have enough to do.5來源于感嘆句的名詞性從句，其引導詞是what和how。例如：Margaret told him what a good deed he had

8、done.（賓語從句）試比較：What a good deed you have done!George, you dont know how hard it is to make both ends meet.（賓語從句）試比較：How hard it is to make both ends meet!感嘆句充當名詞性從句仍具有感慨的意思。6名詞性從句與非謂語動詞之間存在轉(zhuǎn)換關系。名詞性從句取代原句的非謂語動詞部分仍可在句中作主語、賓語、表語或同位語，基本意思不變。例如：1 . That she lost her necklace on the way home made her so w

9、orried.Losing her necklace on the way home made her so worried.2 . We suggested that he be sent to hospital at once.We suggested his (him) being sent to hospital at once.3 . No one noticed that some boys were playing under the bridge.No one noticed some boys playing under the bridge.4 . It is necessary that we should learn a second language.It is necessary for us to learn a second language.5. She didnt know whether she should go or stay.She didnt know whether to go or to stay.6. It is said that he works hard at English.He is said to work hard at English.7 . It (so) happened that I had re