直接引語變間接引語(賓語從句)講解與練習(xí)(附答案)

1、 直接引語變間接引語（賓語從句）講解與練習(xí)一 講解：在復(fù)合句中，作賓語的句子（主謂結(jié)構(gòu)）就叫賓語從句。直接引語變間接引語多數(shù)情況下構(gòu)成賓語從句。變化時應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1 引導(dǎo)詞（連詞） 如果直接引語是陳述句，變成間接引語，引導(dǎo)詞用that, that沒有實(shí)際意義，口語或非正式文體中常省略 e.g He said, “My mother is a doctor.” He said (that) his mother was a doctor. 如果直接引語是一般疑問句，變成間接引語，引導(dǎo)詞就用if。不能省略e.g “Are you English?” He asked meHe asked me

2、 if I was English. 如果直接引語是特殊疑問句，變成間接引語，引導(dǎo)詞就用特殊疑問句的疑問詞，如：what when where which who how等，這些詞有意義，不能省略：eg “How old are you ?” He asked meHe asked me how old I was.二 間接引語的賓語從句中，引導(dǎo)詞之后都必須使用陳述語序，即 “引導(dǎo)詞+主語+謂語），肯定式的賓語從句不用助動詞do(did或does) e.g.She asked, “What does he want?”She asked what he wanted.He asked me ,

3、“Do you like English?” He asked me if I liked English.三 時態(tài)的變化：1. 如果主句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時,則間接引語中賓語從句須用過去的某種時態(tài)?；驹瓌t是：往過去的方向推一個時態(tài)，即一般現(xiàn)在時變成一般過去時，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時變成過去進(jìn)行時，一般將來時變成過去將來時eg: He asked me, “Do you have a dictionary?”He asked me if I had a dictionary. She asked, “What is Tom doing? She asked what Tom was doing. S

4、he said ,“I will leave a message on his desk.”She said that she would leave a message on his desk.2. 如果賓語從句表達(dá)的是客觀真理，自然現(xiàn)象。則無論主句用什么時態(tài)，間接引語中的賓語從句一律使用現(xiàn)在時。eg: The teacher said to us, “The earth goes round the sun.”The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun He said, “ Light travels faster than

5、sound. ”He said that light travels faster than sound.四人稱的變化與漢語中的情況大體相同，指示代詞，時間狀語和動詞的變化見課本第99頁的表格。五練習(xí)：選擇填空。( )1.He said that he _speak a little English when he was five. A is able toB able C could D can( )2.Please tell me where _have our picnic tomorrow。 A we will B will we C you are D will you( )3.D

6、id you hear_ clearly? A what he said B what he says C what did he say D how did he said( )4.He wanted to know why _up late. A did she get B she got C does she get D she gets( )5.Could you tell me _from your house to the factory? A how far it is B it is how far C how far it was D how far is it( )6.Co

7、uld you tell me if it _ tomorrow? A rain B will rain C raining D rains( )7.Tom asked me _ English. A if I likes B if I liked C that I like D that I liked( )8.Our teacher told us the earth _around the sun. A goes B go C went D going( )9.Do you remember what_ when I came in?A Tom is doing B Tom was do

8、ing C is Tom doing D was Tom doing( )10.He asked how many pictures_。 A did they draw B do they draw C they will draw D they would draw( )11.They asked if the teacher _them some songs the next week. A would teach B had taught C will teach D taught( )12.He asked me if I _in Shanghai.A live B lived C i

9、s living D will live句型轉(zhuǎn)換。 1. I dont know what to say. I dont know _ _ _ _.2. “Whats your favorite color” she asked me. She asked me what _ favorite color _.3. “What are you doing?” Jim asked me. Jim asked me _ _ _ _.4 Tom said to me, “You are a good student.”Tom told me _ _ _ a good student.5 He sai

10、d , “I will go to the Great Wall tomorrow.”He said that he _ _ to the Great Wall _ _ _.6 “Do you like playing football.” She asked me.She asked me _ _ _ playing football.7 “I cant work out this math problem.” Tom said.Tom said that _ _ work out _ math problem.8 He asked Jim, “ Where does your pen pa

11、l come from?” He asked Jim _ _ pen pal _ from.9. Mary asked Gina, “ Are you ill?” Mary asked Gina _ _ _ ill.10. Tom said to me , “Pass the ball to me.” Tom _me _ _ the ball to _. 四、專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1. The new comer asked the librarian _ he could take the book out of the library.A. if B. when C. what D. which2. D

12、id you ask me who _ next day?A. will come B. came C. comes D. would come3. Mike didnt tell us _ he was leaving that day. I know. By air.A. when B. how C. why D. whether4. Hurry to the safety! What? You ordered us _ to the safety.A. hurry B. hurrying C. hurried D. to hurry5. What does it say? It says

13、 that it _ from 8 to 10. A. is open B. opened C. is close D. closed(一) 用所給詞的正確形式填空。1. Tom looks _. (sleep) Why? He worked too late yesterday.2. Lets check up whether our _ is ok. (record) 3. The travel agency has made an _ plan for us. ( excite)4. His little girl hasnt come back yet so he is _ about

14、 her. (worry)5. They didnt give any _ until we asked lawyers for some help. (explain)6. Nobody trusts him. We know he hasnt told the _. (true)7. She feels _ if someone misunderstands her.( happy)8. Do you think Pirates of Caribbean is an _ movie? (enjoy)9. It is _ for young children to talk with str

15、angers. (danger)(二) 填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~組完成句子。1. ask 1) Stop! Dont _ troubles. 2) His parents are always _ his study. 2. agree 1) I am afraid I cant _ her. 2) Do you think he will_ take part in our volunteer activity? 3) After a serious discussion, they _a new price for cars. 3. arrive 1) I will call you back as

16、soon as I _ Tokyo.2) After many hours talk, the committee _ a decision.4. allow All the students are not _ bring MP4 here.5. add 1) Id like to _ something important _ your plan. 2) How much is the cost? Including meals it will _ to $120 per day. (三) 根據(jù)中文提示，完成句子。1. 我不明白為什么他從未談到過他的家人。 I wonder why he

17、has never _ _ _ _.2. 我過去怕蛇。 I used to _ _ _ _ .3. 他告訴我他祖父經(jīng)常一個人去旅游。 He told me his grandpa often went _ _.4. 我認(rèn)為他不會記得曾經(jīng)給過我微笑。 I dont think he could _ _ _ _.5. Tom什么也沒說，就離開了房間。 Tom left away from the room, _ _ _.6. 當(dāng)我經(jīng)過她房間時，聽見她在彈鋼琴。 As I passed her room, I _ _ _ _ _.7. 在我13歲時，我媽媽送給我一個重要的禮物。 When I was

18、 13 years old, my mother _ _ _ _ _.8. 她甜美的微笑能讓我感到快樂，溫暖和自信。 Her sweet smile can _ _ _ , _ and confident.9. 你知道那邊發(fā)生什么事了？ 這么吵! Do you know _ _ _ _. It is too noisy.10. 他要求每個人都要帶雨衣。He asked everyone _ _ _ _.（答案：.1-6 CAABAB 7-12 BABDAB .1 what I should say 2. my was 3. what I was doing 4. that I was 5. w

19、ould go the next/following day6. if I liked 7. he couldnt that 8. where his came 9. if she was 10. told to pass him答案： 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. A(一)1. sleepy 2. recording 3. exciting 4. worried 5. explanation 6. truth7. unhappy8. enjoyable9. dangerous(二)1. 1) ask for 2) asking about 2. 1) agree to 2) agree to 3) agreed on 3. 1) arrive 2) arrived at 4. allowed to 5. 1) add to 2) add up(三)1. 我不明白為什么他從未談到過他的家人。 I wonder why he has never tal