




版權(quán)說(shuō)明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)
文檔簡(jiǎn)介
1、Clauses,Noun clauses Attributive clauses Adverbial clauses,Noun clauses (1),從屬連詞:that, whether, if 連接代詞:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever 等 連接副詞:when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever等。,Noun clauses (2),主語(yǔ)從句 1. That引導(dǎo)的主從:That you dont like him is none of my bus
2、iness. 2. 形式主語(yǔ)it代替主從:It is known that you are lazy. 3. Whether 引導(dǎo)主從:Whether we can arrive there on time depends on the weather. 4. Wh-詞引導(dǎo)主從:Where we can look up his address is still not decided.,Noun clauses (3),賓語(yǔ)從句 1. That引導(dǎo)的賓從 2. If/whether引導(dǎo)的賓從: I dont know if you like me or hate me. 3. wh- 類詞引導(dǎo)
3、的賓從 4. 介詞后的賓從:I am always thinking about how I can make my lessons less boring. 5. 形容詞后的賓從:Im sorry that I am unable to help you more.,Noun clauses (4),表語(yǔ)從句 1. That 類表從: The trouble is that we never have enough time. 2. Whether 類表從:The question is whether her parents will agree with her. 3. wh-類表從(連
4、接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever等和連接副詞where, when, how, why, wherever, whenever等): The problem is who we can get to help us.) 4. As/as though/as if類表從:It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 5. Because 類表從:It was because he didnt know her.,Noun clauses (5),同位語(yǔ)從
5、句 先行詞:belief, doubt, explanation, hope, idea, news, opinion, possibility, wish, truth, fact, question, problem, suggestion, advice, order, fear, warning等。 1. That 引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句:Give me your promise that you will read your notes. 2. Wh-類詞引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句:The question who should replace her requires careful consid
6、eration.,Attributive clauses (1),限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句: She never eats salted food which is not good for the body. 用非限制性定從的某些特定情況 1. 關(guān)系代詞指代整個(gè)主句:The boy didnt pass the exam, which disappointed his parents. 2. 先行詞是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的東西或?qū)S忻~:The sun, which gives a great deal of heat, is an ideal source of energy. 3. 先行詞是
7、某人唯一的親屬:I have an elder brother, who graduated from Peking University. 4. some/many/few/a few/little/most/half of等結(jié)構(gòu):Theres too much info. on the Internet, some of which is unreliable.,Attributive clauses (2),用that不用which的情況: 1. 先行詞是不定代詞all, little, few, much, something, anything, everything, nothin
8、g, none, some等。 2. 先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, the only, the very, the right, the last, few等修飾。 3. 先行詞是序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)或先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾:The first thing that we should do is to find a hotel to take a break. 4. 先行詞既有人又有物: Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we learnt yesterd
9、ay? 5. 主句是who或which開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句: Who is the guy that came to see you yesterday? Which is the dress that fits me most?,Attributive clauses (3),用 which不用that的情況: 1. 關(guān)系代詞前有介詞且指事物時(shí) 2. 非限制性定從中 3. 先行詞本身是that:Whats that which is flashing in the sky? 4. 先行詞后有插入語(yǔ): This is the grammar book which, as I told you, w
10、ill help you a lot.,Attributive clauses (4),用who不用that的情況 先行詞是one, ones, anyone等指人的不定代詞:The ones who flatter me dont please me. 先行詞為指人的those 先行詞指人并含有較長(zhǎng)的后置定語(yǔ)或在被分割的定從中:Prof. Smith is coming soon who will give us a talk on how to learn English. There be 開(kāi)頭的句子:There are many young men who support Obama.
11、,Attributive clauses (5),定從與同位語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別 1. 先行詞不同。同位從句的先行詞常是具有具體信息或內(nèi)涵的名詞,如idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal等,定從的先行詞是名詞、代詞、主句的一部分或整個(gè)主句。 2. 從句的性質(zhì)不同。同位從句屬名詞性從句,定從屬形容詞性從句。,Adverbial clauses(1),時(shí)間狀從 1. Once引導(dǎo):Once you begin, you must go on. 2. 名詞短語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)(the moment, the minute, the instant, th
12、e time, the hour, the day, by the time, each time, every time, anytime, next time 等):The moment she saw him, she knew she would not marry anyone else. 3. immediately, instantly, directly引導(dǎo):Directly the teacher came in, everyone was quiet.,Adverbial clauses(2),地點(diǎn)狀從: anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, whe
13、rever 原因狀從: Now that, seeing that, for the reason that, in that, considering that引導(dǎo): I like the city, but I prefer the country in that theres fresher air. 目的狀從: In order that, so that引導(dǎo) For fear that, lest, in case引導(dǎo):She works hard for fear that she should lag behind others.,Adverbial clauses(3),結(jié)果狀
14、從(so, so that, sothat, such that, suchthat, that): It was such nice weather that we went for a walk. 條件狀從 1. On condition that 引導(dǎo):Ron lent me the money on condition that I pay it back next month. 2. Supposing/provided/providing/given (that)引導(dǎo): you promise not to tell anyone, Ill tell you the secret.
15、,Adverbial clauses(4),讓步狀從 1. Even though/even if引導(dǎo):Even if he is poor, she will love him. 2. As/though引導(dǎo):Much as he loves his daughter, he is strict with her. 3. Whetheror/whether() or not引導(dǎo):Whether you believe it or not, its true. 4. While 引導(dǎo):While I understand what you said, I disagree with you.
16、5. Wh-ever類詞引導(dǎo)(=no matter wh-):Whatever you say, I wont believe you.,Adverbial clauses(5),比較狀從(asas, not as/soas, than, the, the): She is as good tempered as her mother (is). 方式狀從 1. As if/as though 引導(dǎo):I remember the whole thing it happened yesterday. 2. as, (just) asso引導(dǎo): (Just) as water is to fish
17、, so air is to man. 3. The way 引導(dǎo):Just do it the way I did it.,Reading assignment,Read your notes at least THREE times. Get ready to be tested next week. No yy reading.,Practice,Translate the following sentence: 1.不管你在不在乎我,我是愛(ài)你的。 2.你所做的一切都是白搭。 3.我們面臨的首要問(wèn)題是能不能把基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)學(xué)好。(要求用表語(yǔ)從句),Agreement (1),主謂一致 1. 意
18、義一致原則 1) 主語(yǔ)后接as well as, as much as, accompanied by, including, in addition to, more than, no less than, rather than, with, together with等構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)時(shí),謂動(dòng)單復(fù)數(shù)由主語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)決定: The teacher, together with his students, is having a heated discussion. 2) 表時(shí)間、金錢、距離、體積、重量、面積、數(shù)字等的詞語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),若指總量應(yīng)看作單數(shù),謂動(dòng)也用單數(shù),否則用復(fù)數(shù):Four weeks a
19、re often regarded as one month. Twenty years is a long period of time in ones life.,Agreement (2),3) the+adj.若指某人或概念,用單數(shù);若指一類人用復(fù)數(shù):The new is sure to replace the old. 4) And連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)但意義上指同一人、物、概念時(shí)用單數(shù):War and peace is a constant theme in history. 5) 集體名詞作主語(yǔ)是情況而定,Agreement (3),2. 語(yǔ)法一致原則:語(yǔ)法形式一致 April sho
20、wers bring My flowers. 3. 臨近原則:人稱和數(shù)與最近的主語(yǔ)一致 Mary or you are to blame for the fault. Neither your unkind words nor your hostile attitude has caused me any distress. Not only he but also his sisters are keen on concerts.,Agreement (4),4. 主謂一致的其他情況: 1) 單獨(dú)的不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句作主語(yǔ)應(yīng)看作單數(shù):To live is to suffer. 2) 不定代
21、詞one, every, each, everybody, everyone, one of, no one, nothing, nobody, someone, somebody, either, neither, many a +n 等作主語(yǔ)用單數(shù):Many a student lives off campus. 3) 表國(guó)家、機(jī)構(gòu)、事件、作品等的專有名詞作主語(yǔ)用單數(shù): The United States is the only superpower.,Agreement (5),4) A portion of, a series of, a kind of, the number of
22、等+n作主語(yǔ)用單數(shù) A substantial portion of the reports is missing. 5) 由some, several, both, few, many, a number of 等修飾的名詞作主語(yǔ)或這些詞本身作主語(yǔ),謂動(dòng)用復(fù)數(shù)。 6) And 連接兩個(gè)名詞表同一人一物時(shí)用單數(shù) Bread and butter is delicious. 7) A lot of, most of, any of, half of, three fifths of, eighty percent of, some of, none of, the rest of, all of
23、接不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)名詞謂動(dòng)用單數(shù),接復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞用復(fù)數(shù),Agreement (6),8) 成對(duì)的物品工具(pants, trousers, glasses, scissors等)用復(fù)數(shù),但如有a set of, a pair of等修飾時(shí)用單數(shù) 9) A quantity of, (large) quantities of作主語(yǔ)或其修飾的名詞作主語(yǔ),謂動(dòng)根據(jù)quantity的單復(fù)數(shù)確定 Large quantities of money are needed to equip the laboratory. 10) More than one+單數(shù)名詞謂動(dòng)用單數(shù),但more+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + th
24、an one謂動(dòng)復(fù)數(shù) More than one person was injured in the accident. More students than one were invited to perform at the party.,Agreement (7),名詞和代詞的一致: Everyone has his own way to do things. 表時(shí)間、條件、伴隨等的分詞邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)的一致:Hearing the bad news, she burst into tears. 并列結(jié)構(gòu)中成分的一致:That climate of Beijing is differe
25、nt from that of Shanghai. 倒裝句中的主謂一致:In front of the house is a tree. There be句型中的主謂一致(就近原則):There is a lake and some hills in the area.,Inversion (1),部分倒裝 1. 疑問(wèn)句中的部分倒裝 2. Only修飾狀語(yǔ)時(shí): Only in your own heart can you find true peace. 3. 表否定意義的副詞或連詞放在句首時(shí)(not, little, hardly, never, no soonerthan, hardly/scarcelywhen, not onlybut also, at no time, by no means, on no condition, in no case, in no even, nowhere, seldom 等
溫馨提示
- 1. 本站所有資源如無(wú)特殊說(shuō)明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
- 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
- 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒(méi)有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒(méi)有圖紙。
- 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
- 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
- 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。
最新文檔
- 河北省石家莊市二十八中學(xué)2024年九年級(jí)化學(xué)第一學(xué)期期末復(fù)習(xí)檢測(cè)試題含解析
- 2025至2030運(yùn)動(dòng)和健身房地板行業(yè)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)分析與未來(lái)投資戰(zhàn)略咨詢研究報(bào)告
- 河南省開(kāi)封市蘭考縣2024年八年級(jí)物理第一學(xué)期期末達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè)試題含解析
- 倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)物流中心車間出租管理合同
- 空間技術(shù)裝備市場(chǎng)拓展策略研究
- 水輪機(jī)技術(shù)革新前沿:1000MW級(jí)混流式水輪機(jī)行業(yè)深度研究
- 2025至2030體外診斷試劑市場(chǎng)行業(yè)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)分析與未來(lái)投資戰(zhàn)略咨詢研究報(bào)告
- 2025至2030中國(guó)自行車消費(fèi)GPS行業(yè)市場(chǎng)深度研究及發(fā)展前景投資可行性分析報(bào)告
- 2025至2030中國(guó)自動(dòng)閘門操作員行業(yè)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)分析與未來(lái)投資戰(zhàn)略咨詢研究報(bào)告
- 2025至2030中國(guó)自動(dòng)離合器行業(yè)市場(chǎng)深度研究及發(fā)展前景投資可行性分析報(bào)告
- HG-T20678-2023《化工設(shè)備襯里鋼殼設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》
- 初中數(shù)學(xué)分層作業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文
- 中小學(xué)校長(zhǎng)管理案例
- 《電力設(shè)施治安安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí)和安全防護(hù)要求》
- 工程項(xiàng)目部安全生產(chǎn)治本攻堅(jiān)三年行動(dòng)實(shí)施方案
- 四川建筑安全員-C證考試(專職安全員)題庫(kù)及答案
- 光伏驗(yàn)收?qǐng)?bào)告
- 職業(yè)倦怠量表MBI-HSS
- 學(xué)校桌椅采購(gòu)?fù)稑?biāo)方案
- 盤扣式外腳手架施工方案
- 初中數(shù)學(xué)目錄(浙教版)
評(píng)論
0/150
提交評(píng)論