定語從句語法講練.ppt

1、定語從句語法講練,星沙英語網(wǎng),復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn) 定語從句屬于修飾語成分，用來修飾名詞或代詞。引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞是關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞。,關(guān)系代詞的使用 ：,關(guān)系代詞的使用首先取決于先行詞是人還是物。它一方面用來引導(dǎo)定語從句，另一方面還在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分。先請看這張表：, 關(guān)系代詞在從句中做主語：例如：,This is the man who / that wants to see you. 這就是那個想見你的人。,The girls who / that are coming are my students. 那些要來的孩子是我的學(xué)生。,She was not on the train which

2、 / that arrived just now. 她不在剛到的那列火車上。,說明： 定語從句中謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)與先行詞一致。, 關(guān)系代詞在從句中做賓語，例如：,The boy (who / whom / that) I know studies best in their class. 我認(rèn)識的那個孩子在他們班上學(xué)習(xí)最好。,Are they the players (who / whom / that) you talked about yesterday? 他們就是你昨天談?wù)摰倪\(yùn)動員嗎？,The story (which / that) he told was very interest

3、ing. 他講的故事非常有趣。,說明：關(guān)系代詞在從句中做賓語時可以省略， 尤其在口語中是如此。, 關(guān)系代詞在從句中做表語，例如：,She decided to be the writer (that) her mother wanted her to be. 她決定做她母親希望她做的那樣的作家。,The house is not the one (that) it used to be. 那座房子已經(jīng)不是它過去那樣了。,說明：關(guān)系代詞在從句中 做表語時可以省略。, 關(guān)系代詞在從句中做名詞的定語，例如：,He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是那個汽車被盜的

4、人。,The house whose / of which windows are big looks very beautiful. 那座窗戶很大的房子外觀很美。,說明：指物時，通常避免用whose， 而用of which（尤其在正式場合中）。, 在以下情況中，關(guān)系代詞常用that，例如：, 先行詞為all, anything, everything, nothing, much, none, little 等不定代詞時。例如：,Nothing (that) he said was true at all. 他所說的話一點(diǎn)也不真實(shí)。 Everyone that / who knows him

5、 likes him. 每一個認(rèn)識他的人都喜歡他。, 先行詞前有first, last, next, only, all等修飾語時。 例如：,The only thing (that) he did was to call the police. 他所做的唯一的事情就是報警。 The first man (that) he mentioned yesterday was a driver. 他昨天提到的第一個人是一位駕駛員。, 先行詞前有形容詞最高級形式修飾時。例如,He was one of the greatest scientists that ever lived. 他是有史以來最偉大

6、的科學(xué)家之一。 That is the highest mountain (that) he has ever climbed. 那是他所攀登過的最高的山。,關(guān)系副詞的使用：,定語從句也可以由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)。關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)狀語，常見的關(guān)系副詞有where（表地點(diǎn)）、when（表時間）和why（表原因）。例如：,the house where we lived 我們住過的房子,the day when we first met 我們第一次見面的日子,the reason why he was late 他遲到的原因,現(xiàn)舉例說明如下：, 關(guān)系副詞where（介詞which） 在從句中用作地

7、點(diǎn)狀語， 其先行詞通常是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞， 如house, school, city, village, place等。 例如：,The building where / in which we are working was built five years ago. 我們工作所在的大樓是五年前蓋的。,This is the playground where / on which they played football. 這就是他們踢足球的操場。, 關(guān)系副詞when（介詞which）在從句中 用作時間狀語，其先行詞通常是表示時間的 名詞，如day, year, last night等。例如：

8、,Ill never forget the day when / on which I won the prize. 我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記我獲獎的日子。,Do you remember the year when / in which she went abroad? 你記得她出國的那一年嗎？, 關(guān)系副詞why（= for which）在從句中用作原因狀語， 它總是以the reason為先行詞，the reason why 意思是“的原因”。例如：,Tell me the reason why / for which she was late. 請告訴我她遲到的原因。 Give me one go

9、od reason why I should help you! 請擺出一個我應(yīng)該幫助你的正當(dāng)理由！, 在使用關(guān)系副詞時，要特別注意它的前面是否有 先行詞。如果有先行詞則是定語從句，如果沒有 先行詞則是其它從句。請比較：,That is the place where he was born. 那是他出生的地方。 That is where he was born. 那是他的出生地。,（定語從句）,（表語從句）,下面我們來做練習(xí)：,一.用關(guān)系代詞填空.,I、用that 、which 、who、 whom 、whose填空,This is the man _ wants to see you.,

10、2.The woman _ you saw is our geography teacher.,3.Here is the pen _ you lost the day before yesterday.,4.This is the factory _ my father worked 30 years ago.,5.This is the factory _ I visited.,who,who,/whom,/不填,which,which,/不填,where,6.The boy_ father is a teacher is good at English.,whose,II. Fill i

11、n the blanks with “prep + whom/which” .,1.The teacher _ _ I learnt most was Mrs. Zhu. 2. Mathematics is the subject _ _ I am most interested. 3. This is the question _ _ we have had a discussion. 4. This is the house _ _ I was born. 5. Is that the girl _ _ you lent your bicycle?,about whom,in which,

12、about which,in which,to whom,III. Fill in the blanks with “when 、why ”,1. I dont know the reason _ he was late for the class. 2. A birthday is the date _ one was born. 3. Do you know the reason _ no one questioned Aristotles theory for about 2,000 years?,why,when,why,二、單項(xiàng)選擇,1.I dont know the reason _ she cried. A. in which B. which C. that D. why,2.I dont know the reason _ she cried. A. in which B. which C. th