我為家鄉(xiāng)獻一策

1、我為家鄉(xiāng)獻一策 我為家鄉(xiāng)獻一策 -雷州文化報告 作者姓名：鄭凱仁學(xué)校，廣東技術(shù)師范學(xué)院西校區(qū)機電學(xué)院 摘要廣東省雷州市位于雷州半島中部，是國家級歷史文化名城，有著厚重的歷史文化底蘊。這里四季如春，風(fēng)光旖旎，物華天寶，人杰地靈，是鑲嵌在祖國大陸最南端的一顆璀璨明珠雷州市歷史文化名城廣東省雷州市是國務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)的第三批國家歷史文化名城,位于雷州半島中部,東臨雷州灣,西瀕北部灣,南經(jīng)徐聞達瓊州海峽,1994年由?？悼h改制而來雷州由于歷史的淵源地緣關(guān)系，成為歷史上楚越文化、土著文化、閩南移民文化、海洋文化和中原文化的交匯地，進而逐漸形成獨特的雷州文化！?地域狹小，其旅游資源的多樣性和獨特性不足多種旅游資源

2、滿足旅游者不同需求雷州市發(fā)展旅游經(jīng)濟，必須揚長避短，科學(xué)定位，進一步整合與開發(fā)建設(shè)旅游資源 雷州文化概況雷州市的旅游資源大體可分為歷史文化古跡、非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)和自然景觀三類。前者包括著名的雷祖祠、三元塔、天寧寺、十賢祠、蘇公亭、寇公亭、真武堂等悠久的歷史文化遺跡或古建筑，中者包括飄色游行、儺舞、散花舞和有三百年歷史的雷劇等，后者包括雷州西湖及沿海的景觀。目前已形成了以歷史文化遺跡為依托，結(jié)合自然景觀的西湖公園、三元塔公園和雷祖祠旅游區(qū)三處旅游點，初步成為旅游網(wǎng)絡(luò)雷祖祠 位于廣東省雷州市城西南五里之英榜山，依山傍水，風(fēng)景秀麗，稱“雷崗聳異”，為雷陽八景之一。始建于唐貞觀十六年（公元642年），是

3、紀(jì)念唐代雷州首任刺史陳文玉（雷祖）的相堂。為國家重點文物的保護單位。祠依山而筑 ，北構(gòu)南趨，山下是一望無垠的萬頃洋田，其勢極其雄偉壯觀。祠分三進，由山門、正殿、側(cè)殿、后殿、東西廡、鐘鼓樓、碑廊等建筑組成，全部建筑沿中軸線布局。順山門青石板臺階拾級而上可直通后殿，占地面積一萬多平方米，是嶺南地區(qū)最大的祠堂之一。山門依屋宇三間面寬洞開而三，為硬山頂，硬山檁式結(jié)構(gòu)。山門門聯(lián)：“霹靂開天南一祖，聲名為海北同尊”，是對雷祖降世的美麗傳說及“受職父母邦，德政彰明”的贊譽。二進為祠的建筑主體，分正殿及東、西側(cè)殿。正殿前設(shè)有拜亭，整個建筑形制呈“凸”字形排列，依次供奉陳文玉（中）、李太尉（漢朝的李廣，居左）及

4、英山石神（右），俗稱“雷詞三殿”。正殿面寬進深各三間，硬山頂，四柱抬梁式梁架結(jié)構(gòu)，舉梁平緩，前檐廊出檐極寬，建筑風(fēng)格獨特，富有地方特色。沿著前檐廊可從東側(cè)殿直通西側(cè)殿，殿前屏風(fēng)精雕細刻，玲瓏剔透，巧奪天工。雷祖祠歷史悠久，詞內(nèi)文物十分豐富，有千年石人、乾隆御踢匾額及歷代碑刻30余通。歷代顯宦名流，騷人墨客，游覽之余無不留下感人的詩篇?？軠?zhǔn)有詩，東坡有賦，丁謂作記，李綱題碑，這些詩賦碑刻歷盡人世滄桑至今尚珍藏于祠內(nèi)，堪稱祖國文物之瑰寶。雷祖祠神話傳說紛經(jīng)，其中千年石人就有一段美麗的傳說：五代后梁開平四年，寇賊符益喜等不輸稅糧，倡亂騷擾，還煽動民族糾紛，鬧得雷州無寧日。欽差都知司馬陳襄，帶領(lǐng)12只

5、船的兵力，圍剿征討。當(dāng)時，符益喜等駐師廟中，因朝廷官兵不熟悉情況，屢戰(zhàn)不勝。后來，陳真虔禱雷祖，并于廟前張榜招兵。次日復(fù)戰(zhàn)，陳襄遠遠望見雷祖陳文玉與漢太尉李廣協(xié)同陰兵助戰(zhàn)，這場戰(zhàn)斗果獲大勝，但賊首末擒。至夜，陳襄夢見雷祖對其目：“賊來降我，我收在廟前，化為石人。”黎明起視，果見四石人跪子廟庭，其中一個被殺了頭。雷州從此得以太平，陳襄等拜謝雷祖，并具疏奏聞朝廷，于開平改元乾化二年，朝廷命郡它重建雷祖廟宇，并于雷祖廟西建李太尉廟，塑太尉像，與英山石神列而為三，稱“雷詞三殿”。雷祖祠自唐貞觀十六年始建，迄今已1350多年了。方志典籍多有記載，唐代劉恂的嶺表錄異、宋代太平寰宇記、宋本方輿覽勝、明末清初

6、的廣東新語，子不語以及當(dāng)代出版的華夏諸神、超凡世界、中國崇拜物等書都均有記述。古代聞名于世的“天下四絕”（雷州換鼓、錢塘江潮、廣德埋藏、登州海市）中的“雷州換鼓”就是發(fā)生在雷祖祠的民俗事象。“雷州換鼓”是古代雷州人在雷祖祠內(nèi)舉行的一種隆重的“祭雷”儀式。雷祖志載：“至于-。雷車?yán)坠牡任?，各以板圖藏于廟內(nèi)，令郡民當(dāng)里役者依樣修造，逢上元日，齊候文武各官送太廟致祭，名日開雷。又辦酒席-。官民同樂，始得風(fēng)調(diào)雨順，不然則歲悍年兇，自是有禱則應(yīng)，雷郡獲享國泰民安之?！?。廣東新語云：“六月二十四日，雷州人必供雷較以酬雷，禱而得雷公之墨，光瑩如漆，則以治邪扭驚痌.”“雷公墨”即隕石，古代雷州人稱為“雷公石”

7、或“霹靂碪”、并當(dāng)作一種驅(qū)邪避災(zāi)之物，可見古代雷州人把雷公作為一種能造?；蚪档溣谌说膹姶罅α肯笳鞫懣逃谛模浴凹览住眱x式的隆重也不言而喻了?，F(xiàn)在，“雷州換鼓”早已失傳，當(dāng)代雷州人只能從典籍中窺見一二。雷州西湖公園 是一座風(fēng)景秀麗，人文薈萃，集自然風(fēng)光、賢蹤圣跡和各種游樂項目于一體的園林式綜合性公園，人們游罷，不僅目睹獨具南天一格的風(fēng)貌，而且似耳聆一曲情節(jié)起伏的雷州史話。游園先話“湖”：西湖在宋代以前是一處煙水蒼茫，任流任伏的“野水”，是宋代城郊水利工程的“水庫”，為浩瀚的東洋潮田輸送甘露，亦是古代雷州的一處游 覽勝地，留下過不少文土賢臣的腳印。其古稱“雷湖”，那時，它的儲水面積約為現(xiàn)在西湖

8、的五六倍，隨著環(huán)境的變遷，曾經(jīng)有過湖變田，田變湖的反復(fù)過程。宋代以前，湖濱只有天寧古剎與碧水朝夕相依，宋咸淳年間湖濱始建橫舟、狎鷗、涿飛、放生、總宜、流水孤舟、州之眉目、潑潑地等八個亭，橫跨南堤建惠濟東、西兩座橋梁。此后，又出現(xiàn)蘇公亭及其名反復(fù)更改的與眾、信芳、湖心等亭。從這些亭、橋的雅趣的、有特定內(nèi)涵的命名，可以追溯此湖當(dāng)年的風(fēng)貌。一幅波光上下，亭榭輝映，鳥翔魚躍，扁舟濺浪的畫圖展示在眼前。 自從大文豪蘇軾兄弟在此醉游之后，羅湖更名為西湖。由羅湖 到西湖歷經(jīng)千百年滄桑，時興時衰。它曾以 “西湖翠擁”列入古雷州八景之一。當(dāng)年之湖濱與唐代始建的天寧禪寺連成一片，正因為有它壯麗的美景襯托，古寺才有

9、幸取得“萬山第一”的贊語。明代進士、海北南守道袁茂美對西湖景物的觀察十分盡，他圍繞湖、堤、亭、船、田、魚、月、雨寫了八詠，其中詠西湖亭是這 樣描述的：“湖水流澹動，亭臺巧結(jié)作。倒影青天里，分明七星落。四窗納靚景，高樹罩疏冪。于焉暫游想，俯仰盡寥廓?！痹斢捎诜N種原因，西湖亦曾經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過“牛眠荒草夕陽多”的荒蕪景象。世紀(jì)80年代起，地方政府把建設(shè)西湖公園作為一項精神文明建設(shè)工程來抓，經(jīng)過多年的修葺點綴，它又開始復(fù)蘇并顯得更加優(yōu)美。人們從跨湖九曲橋、蘇公亭、別湖亭、迎秀亭佇立眺望，澄湖碧柳，綠波粼粼，這個具有亞熱帶和江南水鄉(xiāng)色彩的公園沉浸在綠色之中，明月清風(fēng)，春色盎然。椰樹、檳椰樹扶搖直上和與湖水結(jié)有

10、不懈之緣的垂柳及各種多姿的花草林木，爭奇斗艷，姹紫嫣紅，組成一幅瑰麗的青紗帳，其間隱隱約約地微露出紅墻綠瓦，龍鳳飛 檐。夏秋時節(jié)，青蟬從清晨到傍晚盡情鳴唱。為增添游人樂趣，最近又將公園湖濱長200米的臨街圍墻改成文化走廊，它是由通透式柵欄及十座亭閣式櫥窗組成，以陳列書、詩、畫、影片、圖片介紹地方掌故、軼事和宣傳黨的方針政策，亭閣柵欄古色古香，與公園建筑融為一體，新穎別致。天寧寺天寧寺位于雷州城西湖路，又稱“天寧壽禪寺”，至今已有1200多年的歷史。全寺屋舍50多間，占地面積5000多平方米，是雷州半島第一古剎，也是嶺南歷史較久，規(guī)模較大的名寺之一。天寧寺為三進院落、四舍院布局，建筑風(fēng)格獨特。歷

11、代遷客騷人如蘇軾、寇準(zhǔn)、蘇轍、秦觀、李綱等都曾寄居天寧寺，并留下許多膾炙人口的詩文。素稱南方的兵馬俑之稱的雷州石狗 上古的雷州，是一塊荒蠻之地，瘴氣濃重，人氣不旺，為生兒育女，增加人口，從古至今，體魄健壯的石狗最受雷州民眾的崇拜。于是便雕刻高大威猛、帶有碩大生殖器的石狗進行祭拜祈禱，若有靈驗，又前來答謝石狗，還祈求其保佑小孩平安長大。有的孩子還取名“狗子”，直到現(xiàn)在，一些抱孫心切的老人，仍在初一、十五日捧三碗番薯(地瓜)湯或三碗飯與一塊豬肉，偷偷地向石狗燒香求拜。雷州石狗是雷州人民時代繁衍生息中遺留下的寶貴文化，是一種獨特的民間藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作。很可惜，在文革期間，石狗被視為“四舊”而遭劫，許多石狗被

12、砸毀，棄之深山荒野，有的湮沒泥沙、河渠，難覓其蹤。雷州石狗分布不均勻，呈現(xiàn)沿海多、內(nèi)陸少，西部多、東部少的特點。主要分布在徐聞、雷州、廉江、遂溪等地鄉(xiāng)村的村頭、巷口、廟宇旁，以及房屋門前、水塘邊。其中以徐聞縣邁陳鎮(zhèn)、角尾鎮(zhèn)；雷州市龍門鎮(zhèn)、覃斗鎮(zhèn)；廉江市營仔、橫山鎮(zhèn)、良垌鎮(zhèn)；遂溪縣江洪鎮(zhèn)、草潭鎮(zhèn)等地的石狗數(shù)量為多。不同地域發(fā)現(xiàn)的石狗形態(tài)差異很大，區(qū)域間發(fā)展演變的序列特征比較明顯，一般發(fā)現(xiàn)石狗的村莊建村年代都比較早，最遲也在清末民國時期。據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計，雷州半島遺留的石狗近萬只。目前，僅湛江、雷州等地博物館收集到的石狗已有近500只，大部分石狗或散落在鄉(xiāng)野荒郊、村頭巷尾，或掩埋地下，或由村民自行保管

13、。雷州石狗全國罕見雷州半島石狗藝術(shù)源遠流長，雷州石狗歷史悠久，數(shù)量眾多，分布廣泛，內(nèi)涵豐富，造型千姿百態(tài)，形神各異，栩栩如生，是一份獨具地方特色的珍貴文化藝術(shù)遺產(chǎn)。本文探討了雷州半島石狗雕刻藝術(shù)的分布、產(chǎn)生、用途、造型特點以及藝術(shù)特色。雷州石狗雕刻藝術(shù)是雷州半島上的一朵藝術(shù)奇葩。雷州石狗造型千姿百態(tài)，形神各異，栩栩如生，且歷史悠久，數(shù)量眾多，分布廣泛，內(nèi)涵豐富，獨具地方民俗文化特色，在全國絕無僅有，是珍貴的文化藝術(shù)遺雷州的民俗文化活動豐富多彩，妙趣橫生。元宵佳節(jié)，城鄉(xiāng)各地的飄色游行勢恢宏；陽春三月，松竹、南興、覃斗等地的儺舞(走成倀)及流行各處的散花舞引人入勝，這兩個古老的舞蹈被選入中國民族民

14、間舞蹈集成。古樸的雷州歌，有三百年歷史的雷劇更為人們所喜聞樂見。 ?雷州景色美不勝收，既有西湖翠擁、雁塔題名、一龍煙繞、萬頃連云等舊雷陽八景，也有天成臺、高山寺、寶林禪寺等新景點。登臨三元古塔，極目東眺，萬頃良田，莽莽蒼蒼，南海波濤，天水一色。眼前景物，令人目不暇接，游人到此，莫不塊壘盡消，驚嘆天地造化之奇，鬼斧神工之妙。staff and workers representativesthe representatives of the staff and workers from the unit or away from retirement, on behalf of automati

15、cally disqualified, on behalf of the delegation to the original vacancy shall be in accordance with the provisions of the election.replace the fourteenth representatives of the staff and workersthere are the representatives of the employees, who have the right to change the unit:1, due to illegal la

16、w and discipline punishment;2, often without reason not to participate in the activities of the staff representatives of the staff and the organization of the work of the organization, a serious dereliction of duty;3, because of unpaid leave, sick leave and long-term, full-time study and so on, not

17、to participate in the activities of the post of the staff and workers congress;4, removed from the unit, from the original delegation.the rights of the representatives of the fifteenth employeesfirst, the incumbent will have the right to vote in the election, the right to vote and the right to vote.

18、two, have the right to participate in the congress and its working mechanism in the company. check all relevant departments to carry out the workers congress resolution and proposal to implement the situation, have the right to the right to participate in the personnel of the company leadership ques

19、tion.three, to participate in the organization of the staff and workers congress of the activities of the organization and occupy production or work hours, according to the normal attendance to enjoy the treatment of the case.four, the exercise of democratic rights of workers representatives. any or

20、ganization or individual person shall stop, obstruct and take revenge complex.five, during the term of office workers, in addition to personal serious negligence, enterprises may not perform their duties on behalf of the reasons for the lifting of the labor contract or employment changes.obligations

21、 of the sixteenth employees representativesone, to study the principles, policies, laws and regulations of the party and the state, and constantly improve the political consciousness, technical and technical level and the ability to participate in the management.two, in close contact with the masses

22、, representing the legitimate rights and interests of workers, truthfully reflect the opinions and demands of the masses, workers, seriously implement the congress resolution. to do good work, congress gave the patience to do ideological education of the masses education work.three, adhere to the ba

23、sic principles of the four basic principles, and abide by the national laws, regulations and rules and regulations, labor discipline, do their own work.four, do a business owner, actively participate in the democratic management of enterprises, as well as to their own political obligations, really p

24、lay the role of staff representatives.the fourth chapter organization systemthe twenty-seventh congress chairman presided over the meeting. all the members of the presidium shall have the workers, technical staff, management staff and leading cadres. the technical workers, technical personnel, manag

25、ement personnel should be more than banbanshu.the eighteenth congress will be held once a year. each meeting will be there must be more than 2/3 of workers representatives.in case of major events, the proposal by the general manager, a trade union or more than one of the staff representatives of thr

26、ee points, cocoa held a provisional meeting.behalf of the general assembly of the representatives of the general assembly to elect and make a resolution, must be approved by the majority of all representatives of the staff and workers.the nineteenth congress should focus on enhancing enterprise vita

27、lity, promote technological progress, improve the economic benefit for enterprise management, an important problem of the distribution system and other aspects of the life of workers to determine the issue.twentieth items will function in its decision within the scope of its powers, not by the worke

28、rs congress agrees not to repair.twenty-first post congress may according to the needs, set up a number of dry matters related to the special committee, complete the staff assigned by clubs.article erershier a congress session, an important issue to be a temporary solution, by the trade union congre

29、ss convened the meeting on behalf of the table, the head of a negotiation process, and a downward, the workers congress report confirmed.joint conference may be based on the contents of the meeting to invite party and government officials or other relevant personnel to participate.the fifth chapter

30、congress and trade unionarticle twenty-third the trade union committee of the public company shall, as the working organization of the staff and workers representative assembly, undertake the following work:one, the organization staff elected representatives;two, the proposal on the issue of the sta

31、ff and workers congress is put forward, and the main task is to organize the work of the preparatory work of the staff and workers congress and to organize the work of the conference.33, presided over the meeting, the representatives of the employees association;four, the special committee of the or

32、ganization will carry out investigation and study, to make recommendations to the congress on behalf of the general assembly, inspection and supervision to promote the implementation of the resolution of the general assembly, the implementation of the staff and workers to implement the decision of t

33、he general assembly;five, to promote the democratic management of the staff and workers of the publicity and education, the organization of staff and workers on behalf of the study policy, business and management knowledge, improve the quality of staff representatives;six, to accept and deal with th

34、e complaints and suggestions of workers and staff representatives, to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the representatives of the staff and workers;77, the organization of democratic management of other work.the sixth chapter, the democratic management of teams and groupsprinciple of

35、 democratic management of the thirty-fourth departments, basically presided over by the branch to carry out. and should take leadership of the department for the nuclear core absorption of employee representatives and branch chairman chairman and members to participate in democratic management organ

36、ization into the core management, carry out democratic management in enterprises and the work.twenty-fifth actively carry out the democratic management team management, should be the administrative team as a unit, the absorption and absorption of trade unions and representatives of the small group o

37、f staff to participate in, to carry out the work of democratic management team.the seventh chapter supplementary provisionsthe twenty-sixth congress and the special committee of the fund and paid by the administrative and incentive fund.the twenty-seventh article of this ordinance by congress throug

38、h the implementation, by the company responsible for the interpretation of trade unions.the ershibaba ordinance such as inconsistent with the provisions of relevant provisions and closed to superiors concerned shall prevail.twenty-ninth all roads lead to the implementation of the regulations from th

39、e date of promulgation.the system of joint meeting of the workers congress,according to the relevant provisions of the implementation of rules and regulations of the workers congress is . to enable the company to post the workers congress system of joint conference system, programmed and standardize

40、d. important problems need to be solved with the provisional congress and timely and effective, making books system.two, consideration (discussion) is determined by the question of the authority and scope of thethe joint meeting of the workers congress is an important question consultation workers c

41、ongress during the meeting will need a temporary solution, which includes two aspects: one is the important problem of fan of employees within the scope of congress; two is an important problem for workers congress in the daily work.1, the trial scheme of distribution system and the important rules

42、and regulations. the collective contract enterprise modification and involving important reform involves the vital interests of the workers and wage adjustment scheme, bonus allocation, insurance industry, labor protection measures, rules and regulations.2, the use of some of the benefits of the pro

43、gram, and other important matters of life and welfare of workers.3, according to the general assembly authorized by the staff and workers, to deal with the principle of the general assembly on behalf of the staff agreed, but also need to step by step to supplement the major issues of the decision an

44、d the resolution of the program.4, to discuss the study of corporate governance in the work of the democratic management of the question, to consider the work of the union president on behalf of the general assembly on behalf of the general assembly on the work of the democratic management of the re

45、port.5, the company and the union that need to submit administrative staff on behalf of the joint meeting agreed will.6, the major decisions of the above-mentioned enterprises, the problem should be submitted to the representative assembly of the workers congress.three, issues raised and identified

46、by the programthere are about 1, involving the vital interests of workers is an important problem and important enterprise reform and important rules and regulations, according to the relevant provisions of the congress will act by the general manager, and brought the company party branch department

47、 of soliciting opinions, the union office to send completion, submitted to the congress for deliberation and decision or joint meeting through the discussion.in 2, the union office received the general manager of company submitted bill (draft draft), pay the congress to discuss special door working

48、group responsible for the organization, the on-the-job generation will held a joint meeting of 100 days prior to the representatives of the employees or post staff representatives and special working group for long discussion, such as the motion involved workers the immediate personal interests, sho

49、uld be sent to the various departments, teams, extensive collection, take to listen to the opinions and suggestions of the employees, and employees will post comments and suggestions feedback to the company general manager or the person in charge of the proposed bill (department), according to their

50、 opinions and advice on the bill, the formation of a further amendment the congress, submitted to the joint meeting will be decided or through.3, the workers congress authorized matters, led by the labor union of the company, and the relevant administrative personnel called to convene, discuss on it

51、, within the scope of authorization scheme changes, the formation of the bill, submitted to the joint decision or by the joint meeting.4, the company administrative or trade union congress should be required to submit a joint meeting agreed to decide the motion, proposed separately by the company ge

52、neral manager or trade union committee, submitted a joint meeting of congress decided to consider or through.four, the meeting held a time, to participate in personnel, host1, the joint meeting of congress on principle to convene a quarterly, in case of a particular situation can be held temporarily

53、, each meeting must have more than 2/3 members.2, the joint meeting of congress involved in personnel: the company trade union committee committee member, the company employee congress represent each leader, company employee congress will the special work group leader.3, in order to make the congres

54、s a joint meeting to discuss the problem to be solved properly, according to the meeting content can invite negative company party responsible person or concerned personnel to participate in.4, congress joint meeting convened by the company trade union committee, company chairman of the trade union

55、chair.five, a joint meeting of the procedures and principles1, the consideration of the decision or the issue must be subject to compliance with state laws, regulations and superiors have the relevant provisions of the joint meeting of the democratic consultation system.2, the general manager of the

56、 company and the trade union shall not be allowed to move the provisional motion of the subject without prior to the meeting when the joint conference is held.3, when meeting, according to the motion of the case by clinging to the person in charge of the formulation of the bill, the main content and

57、 purpose, requirements, and serious discussion, each express express their views, on the basis of consensus on the formation of the resolution.4, a joint meeting to discuss the problem of disagreement from time to time, can be adjourned, the understanding of all aspects of general agreement, to subm

58、it joint meeting consultation.5, the company will be meeting with views of general manager and administrative aspects disagree, make a decision to suspend the cocoa, as far as possible by the sign of general manager of the company or the relevant administrative approval with consent, party branch of

59、 company, make coordination, processing according to the coordination situation.negotiate a joint meeting to deal with the problem of the general manager to the company by the general manager of the company, or the general manager instructed the relevant departments responsible for the implementation, and by the representative leader to convey to the representatives of the employees or position of the masses of workers.6,