XK5040數(shù)控立式銑床主運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)及進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)及控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)說明書[帶圖紙].doc

本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）XK5040數(shù)控立式銑床主運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)、進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)及控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)院、系：機(jī)械工程系專業(yè)：機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化學(xué)生姓名：班級：學(xué)號(hào)指導(dǎo)教師姓名：職稱2007年5月XK5040數(shù)控立式銑床及控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)論文1摘要數(shù)控機(jī)床即數(shù)字程序控制機(jī)床，是一種自動(dòng)化機(jī)床，數(shù)控技術(shù)是數(shù)控機(jī)床研究的核心，是制造業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、柔性化、集成化的基礎(chǔ)。隨著制造技術(shù)的發(fā)展，現(xiàn)代數(shù)控機(jī)床借助現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)、工序集約化和新的功能部件使機(jī)床的加工范圍、動(dòng)態(tài)性能、加工精度和可靠性有了極大的提高。本文主要對XK5040數(shù)控立式銑床及控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)，首先分析立式銑床的加工特點(diǎn)和加工要求確定其主參數(shù)，包括運(yùn)動(dòng)和動(dòng)力參數(shù)；根據(jù)主參數(shù)和設(shè)計(jì)要求進(jìn)行主運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)、進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)和控制系統(tǒng)硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)。主要進(jìn)行主運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)和進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)的機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及滾珠絲杠和步進(jìn)電機(jī)的選型和校核；對于控制系統(tǒng)由于這里主要針對經(jīng)濟(jì)型數(shù)控銑床的設(shè)計(jì)，這里采用步進(jìn)電機(jī)開環(huán)控制，計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)采用高性能價(jià)格比的MCS-51系列單片擴(kuò)展系統(tǒng)，主要進(jìn)行中央處理單元的選擇、存儲(chǔ)器擴(kuò)展和接口電路設(shè)計(jì)。由于本文采用8031單片機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)，因此，設(shè)計(jì)出的立式銑床性能價(jià)格比高，滿足經(jīng)濟(jì)性要求?？蓪?shí)用于加工精度較高的場合。關(guān)鍵詞數(shù)控技術(shù)，立式銑床，設(shè)計(jì)XK5040數(shù)控立式銑床及控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)論文2ABSTRACTThenumericalcontrolenginebedisthedigitalprocesscontrolenginebed,isonekindofautomatedenginebed,thenumericalcontroltechnologyisthecorewhichthenumericalcontrolenginebedstudies,isthemanufacturingindustryrealizationautomation,thenetwork,theflexibility,theintegratedfoundation.Alongwiththemanufacturetechnologydevelopment,themodernnumericalcontrolenginebedwiththeaidofthemoderndesigntechnology,theworkingprocedureintensificationandthenewfunctionpartcausedtheenginebedtheprocessingscope,thedynamicperformance,theprocessingprecisionandthereliabilityhadtheenormousenhancement.ThisarticlemainlycarriesonthedesigntotheXK5040numericalcontrolverticalmillingmachineandthecontrolsystem,firstanalyzestheverticalmillingmachinetheprocessingcharacteristicandtheprocessingrequestdeterminesitshostparameter,includingmovementanddynamicparameter；Carryonthehostkinematicschemeaccordingtothehostparameterandthedesignrequest,entersforthesystemandthecontrolsystemhardwarecircuitdesign.Mainlycarriesonthehostkinematicschemeandentersforthesystemmechanismdesignandtheballbearingguidescrewandelectricsteppingmotorshapingandtheexamination；Regardingcontrolsystembecauseheremainlyaimsattheeconomynumericalcontrolmillingmachinethedesign,hereuseselectricsteppingmotoropen-loopcontrol,thecomputersystemusesthehighperformancepricecomparedtotheMCS-51seriesmonolithicexpansionsystem,mainlycarriesonthecentralprocessingelementthechoice,thememoryexpansionandtheconnectioncircuitdesign.Becausethisarticleuses8,031monolithicintegratedcircuitscontrolsystem,therefore,designstheverticalmillingmachineperformancepriceishigherthan,satisfiestheefficientrequest.Butpracticaltoprocessingprecisionhighersituation.Keywords：Numericalcontroltechnology，Verticalmillingmachine，DesignXK5040數(shù)控立式銑床及控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)論文3目錄摘要.11總體設(shè)計(jì).51.1、銑床簡介.51.2、XK5040型數(shù)控銑床的總體布局、主要技術(shù)參數(shù)及總傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)圖.51.2.1XK5040型數(shù)控銑床的總體布局.51.2.2XK5040型數(shù)控銑床的主要技術(shù)參數(shù).61.2.3總傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)圖.82主運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì).92.1傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì).92.1.1參數(shù)的擬定.92.1.2傳動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)或結(jié)構(gòu)網(wǎng)的選擇.92.1.3轉(zhuǎn)速圖擬定.112.1.4齒輪齒數(shù)的確定及傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)圖的繪制.13.傳動(dòng)件的估算與驗(yàn)算.162.2.1傳動(dòng)軸的估算和驗(yàn)算.16.齒輪模數(shù)的估算.19.展開圖設(shè)計(jì).24.結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)際的內(nèi)容及技術(shù)要求.24.齒輪塊的設(shè)計(jì).25.傳動(dòng)軸設(shè)計(jì).27.主軸組件設(shè)計(jì).30.制動(dòng)器設(shè)計(jì).35.按扭矩選擇.35.截面圖設(shè)計(jì).36.軸的空間布置.37.操縱機(jī)構(gòu).37.潤滑.37.箱體設(shè)計(jì)的確有關(guān)問題.38進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì).40.總體方案設(shè)計(jì).40.對進(jìn)給伺服系統(tǒng)的基本要求.40.進(jìn)給伺服系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)要求.40.總體方案.40.進(jìn)給伺服系統(tǒng)機(jī)械部分設(shè)計(jì).41.確定脈沖當(dāng)量，計(jì)算切削力.41.滾珠絲桿螺母副的計(jì)算和造型.43.齒輪傳動(dòng)比計(jì)算.51.步進(jìn)電機(jī)的計(jì)算和選型.52.進(jìn)給伺服系統(tǒng)機(jī)械部分結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì).62控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì).664.1繪制控制系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)框圖.664.