英語(yǔ)詞匯提高Chapter2930.ppt

Chapter 29 & 30,哈工大外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院 2012春 楊莉萍,defy,v. 1. to refuse to obey someone or something 違抗，反抗，不服從 Eg. This was the first (and last) time that I dared to defy my mother. 2. If something defies description or understanding, it is so strange, extreme, or surprising that it is almost impossible to understand or explain. 無(wú)法，難以（描述或理解） Eg. When the flowers open in spring they fill the night air with a fragrance that defies description. 春天當(dāng)鮮花盛開時(shí)，夜里的空氣中會(huì)彌漫一種難以名狀的香氣。,詞根 strain, strict, string = to tighten 表示“拉緊”,constrain v. 強(qiáng)制，限制 （restrain的同義詞） Eg. He was constraining his mind not to wander from the task. 他在克制著不讓自己在工作時(shí)分心。 constrict v. 壓縮, 壓緊 Eg. Panic can constrict the blood vessels and impose an additional burden on the heart. 恐慌會(huì)使血管收縮，增加心臟負(fù)擔(dān)。,seclusion,n. a situation in which someone stays apart or is kept away from other people 隔絕，隱居 Eg. She lived in seclusion with her husband on their farm in Panama. secluded adj. 僻靜的，隱蔽的 Eg. We found a secluded beach a few miles further on. 我們又前行了幾英里，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一處僻靜的海灘。 seclude v. 使隔絕，使隔離 Eg. She secludes herself in her study to work. 她把自己關(guān)在書房里埋頭研究。,前綴 se- = apart, away,seduce (duce=lead) v. 引誘，勾引 Eg. He was seduced into leaving the company by the offer of higher pay elsewhere. 其他地方更優(yōu)厚的薪金待遇誘使他離開了公司。 segregate （greg=group，如congregate聚集) v. 隔離 Eg. 1) Some societies still segregate men and women. 有的社會(huì)仍然將男女隔離。 2) A power firm, for example, might segregate its industrial customers from its residential customers. 例如，一個(gè)電力廠可把它的顧客分成工業(yè)顧客和居民顧客。,詞根 miss, mit = to send, cast,mission 使命, 任務(wù) n. Eg. Though they think it takes no more than three days to fulfill the mission, I believe it takes not less than six days. 雖然他們認(rèn)為完成這任務(wù)只需三天，但我卻認(rèn)為至少需要六天。 premise 前提 n. Eg. These are the major and minor premises on which the conclusion is based. 這是這個(gè)結(jié)論所依據(jù)的主要和次要的前提。 intermit 中斷 v. Eg. Jane, who ever considered to let her son intermit getting online before the examinations, feels inappropriate again now. Jane曾考慮讓她兒子暫時(shí)停止上網(wǎng)，現(xiàn)在又覺得不妥。,前綴 sus- = under, below,suspire (pire = breathe) 呼吸，嘆息 v. Eg. 1) The patient began to suspire. 病人開始呼吸。 2) She suspired and looked sad. 她嘆了口氣, 顯得很傷心 suspense 懸念 n. Eg. He wished to make the most of the occasion, maintaining the suspense. 他想充分利用這場(chǎng)合，保持這緊張的局面。 Eg. We waited in great suspense for the doctors diagnosis. 我們焦急萬(wàn)分地等候醫(yī)生做出診斷。,前綴 trans- across表示“橫過(guò)，越過(guò)” transgress 違背/ 越界v. Eg. His behavior transgressed the moral rules of the social conduct. 他的行為違背了社會(huì)行為的道德準(zhǔn)則。 Eg. No one is permitted to have privileges to transgress the law. 不允許任何人有超越法律的特權(quán)。, change 表示 “變換，改變，轉(zhuǎn)移” transplant 移植，移居 v. Eg. A group of farmers were transplanted to the island by the government. transaction 交易/ 處理 (transact的名詞) n. Eg. In view of our longstanding business relationship, we can conclude the transaction. 鑒于你我雙方的長(zhǎng)期貿(mào)易關(guān)系，我們可以做成這筆交易。 Eg. He left the transaction of the matter to his secretary. 他把這件事交給秘書辦理。 transform 改變 v. Eg. 1) The magician transformed the frog into a princess. 2) Success and wealth transformed his character.,詞根 celer= quick, speed表示“快速”,celerity 迅速 n. Eg. Hanson jumped out of bed with more celerity than he usually displayed and looked at the note. 漢森以從未有過(guò)的敏捷從床上一躍而起，來(lái)看那張紙條。 decelerate 減速 v. Eg. Most important of all, this medicine can decelerate aging and prolong life. 最重要的是，這種藥可以減速老化，延長(zhǎng)生命。,前綴 ab-, ac-, ad-, af-, ag-, an-, ap-, ar-, as-, at- 等加在同輔音字母的詞根前，表示“一再” 等加強(qiáng)意思 accompany 陪伴 v. Eg. She asked me to accompany her to the airport. Eg. The singer was accompanied on the piano by her sister. addict 對(duì)上癮 v. 有癮的人 n. Eg. The young generation should addict themselves to science. 年輕的一代應(yīng)該酷愛科學(xué)。 Eg. There are no lengths to which an addict will not go to obtain his drug. 癮君子為了得到毒品什麼事都做得出來(lái)。,associate (使)發(fā)生聯(lián)系, 聯(lián)想 v. Eg. He is associated with Mr Brown in busines. 他和布朗先生在生意上有聯(lián)系。 Eg. I always associate her with roses. 我總是把她與玫瑰花聯(lián)想在一起。 aggression 進(jìn)攻，侵略 n. Eg. For a dog, an erect tail indicates aggression. 對(duì)狗而言，豎立起來(lái)的尾巴表示進(jìn)攻。 attest 證實(shí) v. Eg. The childs good health attests to his mothers care. 孩子的健康證實(shí)他母親的悉心照料。,前綴 co- = together, with 通常放在元音詞根前,cooperation 合作 n. Eg. Cooperation between the police and the public in catching the criminal was reported by the press. coexist 共存 vi. Eg. A violent temper cannot coexist with a love of peace. 暴躁的脾氣與愛好平靜是無(wú)法共存的。 coincide 巧合/ 一致,符合 vi. Eg. 1) His tastes and habits coincide with those of his wife. 2) Two boxes of your products didnt coincide with your sample last time. coordinate 使協(xié)調(diào) v. Eg. You must coordinate the movements of your arms and legs when swimming.,詞根 pet = to rush, seek, strive,impetus n. 推動(dòng)，促進(jìn)，推動(dòng)力 Eg. This decision will give renewed impetus to the economic regeneration of east London. 這一新的決定會(huì)給東倫敦的經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇帶來(lái)新的動(dòng)力。 impetuous adj. 急躁的，沖動(dòng)的 Eg. He tended to react in a heated and impetuous way. 他往往反應(yīng)過(guò)火，急躁沖動(dòng)。 perpetual adj. 不間斷的，持續(xù)的，無(wú)盡無(wú)休的 Eg. I thought her perpetual complaints were going to prove too much for me. 我想我再也收不了她那無(wú)休止的抱怨了。 perpetuate v. (尤指不好的現(xiàn)象、制度、信仰等)繼續(xù)，延長(zhǎng) Eg. We must not perpetuate the religious division of the past. 我們絕對(duì)不能讓過(guò)去的宗教分裂繼續(xù)下去了。,詞根 spic = to look, to see,auspicious :spis (au/avi=bird) adj. Eg. The young man planned to propose to the girl when an auspicious moment presents itself. 年輕人打算在一個(gè)