大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)練習(xí)及答案.doc

英語(yǔ)四級(jí)Test9For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation.To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never-ending flood of words.In _1_ a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend _2_ can mean the difference between success and failure.Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are _3_ readers. Most of us develop poor reading _4_ at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency _5_ in the actual stuff of language itself-words.Taken individually, words have _6_ meaning until they are strung together into phrased, sentences and paragraphs. _7_ , however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words.He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to _8_ words or passages.Regression, the tendency to look back over _9_ you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading.Another habit which _10_ down the speed of reading is vocalizationsounding each word either orally or mentally as _11_ reads. To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an _12_ , which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed.The bar is set at a slightly faster rate _13_ the reader finds comfortable, in order to“stretch”him.The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, _14_ word-by-word reading, regression and subvocalization, practically impossible. At first _15_ is sacrificed for speed.But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, _16_ your comprehension will improve. Many people have found _17_ reading skill drastically improved after some training. _18_ Charlce Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute _19_ the training,now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute.He is delighted that how he can _20_ a lot more reading material in a short period of time. (317)1.A.applying B.doing C.offering D.getting2.A.quickly B.easily C.roughly D.decidedly3.A.good B.curious C.poor D.urgent4.A.training B.habits C.situations D.custom5.A.lies B.combines C.touches D.involves6.A.some B.A lot C.little D.dull7.A.Fortunately B.In fact C.Logically D.Unfortunately8.A.reuse B.reread C.rewrite D.recite9.A.what B.which C.that D.if10.A.scales B.cuts C.slows D.measures11.A.some one B.one C.he D.reader12.A.accelerator B.actor C.amplifier D.observer13.A.then B.as C.beyond D.than14.A.enabling B.leading C.making D.indicating15.A.meaning B.comprehension C.gist D.regression16.A.but B.nor C.or D.for17.A.our B.your C.their D.such a18.A.Look at B.Take C.Make D.Consider19.A.for B.in C.after D.before20.A.master B.go over C.present D.get through 參考答案與解析：1.【答案】D 【解析】本句意思是“誰(shuí)如果想謀得一份差事”。applying需加for,意思是“申請(qǐng)”；B.doing做；C.offering提供此三項(xiàng)均不符題意，只有D.getting(獲得)適合。2.【答案】A 【解析】本句意為“快速閱讀與理解的能力，是關(guān)系到成敗的關(guān)鍵所在”只有quickly與原意吻合。easily(容易地)；roughly (粗略地)；decidedly(果斷地)均與原文內(nèi)容不符。3.【答案】C 【解析】英語(yǔ)中，閱讀速度快的人稱為good reader，反之，就是poor reader。根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容，多數(shù)人都屬于poor reader，因此選poor(差的)。其它選項(xiàng)不妥。4.【答案】B 【解析】此處的意思是“大多數(shù)人早期養(yǎng)成看書慢的習(xí)慣”因此選habits(習(xí)慣)。training (訓(xùn)練，培訓(xùn))；situations(形勢(shì))；custom(風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣)。5.【答案】A 【解析】此處說(shuō)的是“主要的困難在于語(yǔ)言的自身要素，即單詞”。combines聯(lián)合；touches接觸；involves包括，這三項(xiàng)的詞義與原文不符。而lies與in構(gòu)成搭配，意為“在于”。6.【答案】C 【解析】這里的意思是“如果單個(gè)地看這些字，它們并沒(méi)有什么意義”。some有點(diǎn)；A lot許多；dull單調(diào)的。此三項(xiàng)不合題意。只有l(wèi)ittle(很少)是否定詞，合乎邏輯。7.【答案】D 【解析】此句意為“作者對(duì)未受過(guò)閱讀訓(xùn)練的人的不良習(xí)慣感到遺憾”。Fortunately幸運(yùn)地；In fact事實(shí)上；Logically合乎邏輯地，均不妥。 Unfortunately(不幸地)合乎句義。8.【答案】B 【解析】此句意為“在閱讀時(shí)經(jīng)常重讀(反復(fù)讀)”因此，選reread重讀。reuse再使用；Rewrite改寫；recite背誦。9.【答案】A 【解析】此處所填的詞既是look back over的賓語(yǔ)，又是you have just read的賓語(yǔ)，只有what能充當(dāng)這種雙重成分。 10.【答案】C 【解析】scales down按比例減少；cuts down削減；此兩項(xiàng)不合題意。measures不能與down搭配。只有slow與down搭配的意思“放慢”，在此合適。 11.【答案】B 【解析】本段前文已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)you，在此選one(泛指人們，我們，你)來(lái)代替you。some one無(wú)此用法。如果用reader，前面應(yīng)加定冠詞。he不能與該段邏輯一致。12.【答案】A 【解析】此句意為“訓(xùn)練快速閱讀所使用的工具必然與提高閱讀速度有關(guān)”，因此選accelerator (快讀器)。actor演員；amplifier放大器；observer觀察者。13.【答案】D 【解析】前面的faster決定了應(yīng)當(dāng)選than，構(gòu)成比較級(jí)。14.【答案】C 【解析】此句意為“快速閱讀器迫使你加快閱讀速度，使你再也不能逐字閱讀，回顧前文內(nèi)容或者默讀”。enabling相當(dāng)于making possible；leading引導(dǎo)；indicating指出，表明。都不合題意。只有making (使，使得)最合適。15.【答案】B 【解析】這里的意思是“速讀最初會(huì)影響理解”，所以選comprehension(理解力)。meaning意義，意思，指詞或詞組表示的意義；gist大意，要旨regression回顧16.【答案】A 【解析】與前半句中的not only相呼應(yīng)，構(gòu)成句式“不僅，而且”，只有選but，而nor；or或for均不能構(gòu)成固定用法。17.【答案】C 【解析】本句中的主語(yǔ)是第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)，物主代詞必然是their。18.【答案】B 【解析】take與后面的for instance構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)，意為：“以例”，其它三項(xiàng)不能構(gòu)成搭配。19.【答案】D 【解析】這里提到受訓(xùn)之前與受訓(xùn)之后進(jìn)行比較，對(duì)比，因此選before。20.【答案】D 【解析】此處意為：在較短時(shí)間內(nèi)，讀完眾多的材料。master掌握；go over復(fù)習(xí)；present呈現(xiàn)，展現(xiàn)；此三項(xiàng)均不妥；只有g(shù)et through (讀完)最恰當(dāng)。作文The Moonlight Clan Nowadays, more and more people, especially the young are joining in the army of “the moonlight clan”. These people exhaust their earnings every month without any savings. Many people think this is a fashionable life style, while other people object to this kind of consumption style. Those who support “the moonlight clan” think that “the moonlight clan” knows how to enjoy life and have a higher life quality. However, other people criticize “the moonlight clan”. They say that the consumption habit of “the moonlight clan” is unhealthy and sometimes wasteful. In addition, no savings will place “the moonlight clan” in a difficult position in case of unexpected expenses. Weighing these two arguments, I prefer the latter one. In my eyes, though “the moonlight clan” may acquire temporary satisfaction from their consumption, in the long term, it is unfavorable to their family and career. Just as a proverb says, one should always prepare for a rainy day.改錯(cuò)1.I replied to her that _ (我將會(huì)接受她的邀請(qǐng)). 2.She was angry with her husband ,so _ (她不理不睬)when he spoke to her. 3.How could we get news in our own society or abroad _ (沒(méi)有報(bào)紙的話)? 4.The latest census shows that Chinas population _ (已超過(guò)10億) 5.We have had ten recorders ,but we still need _(需要這么多)as again. 參考答案與解析： 1. I would accept her invitation 解析：本題考點(diǎn)一是時(shí)態(tài)的一致。由于前半句時(shí)態(tài)是replied，因此將要應(yīng)譯為would。本題考點(diǎn)二是接受的英文表達(dá)。 accept和 receive都有表示接受的意思。receive指客觀已經(jīng)發(fā)生的情況。它只表明事實(shí)上收到某物而不管接受者主觀上是否愿意接受。如：My father received a letter this morning. 而accept帶有主動(dòng)或贊許的意味，表示不但收下某物，而且內(nèi)心也同意接受。如：Please accept my little present.下面這句話可以幫助大家分清兩個(gè)詞的使用域：He received an invitation yesterday but he did not accept it.(他昨天收到一份邀請(qǐng)，但卻沒(méi)有接受。) 2. she ignored him 解析：由句意可知，她是對(duì)丈夫生氣了，因而丈夫和她說(shuō)話時(shí)她不予理睬。本題要注意ignore和neglect在含義上的差別。Ignore是故意不理睬別人，而neglect是表示疏忽(責(zé)任等)，并非故意，常和to連用，如：Dont neglect to lock the door. 3. without newspaper 解析：本句是一個(gè)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣句，虛擬語(yǔ)氣句并不一定全部要用if條件句引導(dǎo)。很多情況下，一些介詞或介詞短語(yǔ)，副詞短語(yǔ)的出現(xiàn)要求整個(gè)句子使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。without就是其中之一。如：I couldnt have passed this exam without your help.(沒(méi)有你的幫助，我不可能通過(guò)這次考試。)這句話用if條件句來(lái)表達(dá)就是I couldnt have passed this exam if I hadnt had your help. 除了without外，英語(yǔ)里還有很多這樣的詞或短語(yǔ)是虛擬語(yǔ)氣標(biāo)志詞。如：as if，as though，lest，for fear that，in case，even if，even though，in order that，so that，大家在復(fù)習(xí)虛擬語(yǔ)氣語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)的時(shí)候要注意總結(jié)。 4. has exceeded one billion 解析：本句意為：據(jù)最新的人口普查，中國(guó)人口已超過(guò)10億。本題一是要正確寫出數(shù)字10億，二是要正確選詞超過(guò)，三是要注意完成時(shí)態(tài)。 5. as many 解析：本題考查倍數(shù)對(duì)等的正確說(shuō)法，可以用. as +adj. +as.的結(jié)構(gòu)。本句意為：我們已經(jīng)有10臺(tái)錄音機(jī)了，但是我們還需要10臺(tái)。閱讀Passage 1 How to Deal With Difficult People In New York City one day, a businesswoman got into a taxi. Because it was rush hour and she was hurrying for a train, she suggested a route. Ive been a cabby(車夫) for 15 years! the driver yelled. You think I dont know the best way to go? The woman tried to explain that she hadnt meant to offend him, but the driver kept yelling. She finally realized he was too upset to be reasonable. So she did the unexpected. You know, youre right, she told him. It must seem dumb for me to assume you dont know the best way through the city. Taken aback, the driver flashed his rider a confused look in the rear-view mirror, turned down the street she wanted and got her to the train on time. He didnt say another word the rest of the ride, she said, until I got out and paid him. Then he thanked me. When you encounter people like this cab driver, theres an irresistible urge to dig in your heels. This can lead to prolonged arguments, soured friendships, lost career opportunities and broken marriages. As a clinical psychiatrist, Ive discovered one simple but extremely unlikely principle that can prevent virtually any conflict or other difficult situation from becoming a recipe for disaster. The key is to put yourself in the other persons shoes and look for the truth in what that person is saying. Find a way to agree. The result may surprise you. Sulkers Steves 14-year-old son, Adam, had been irritable for several days. When Steve asked why, Adam snapped, Nothings wrong! Leave me alone! and stalked off to his room. We all know people like this. When theres problem, they may sulk（生悶氣） or act angry and refuse to talk. So whats the solution? First, Steve needs to ask himself why Adam wont talk. Maybe the boy is worried about something that happened at school. Or he might be angry at his dad but afraid to bring it up because Steve gets defensive whenever he is criticized. Steve can pursue these possibilities the next time they talk by saying, I noticed youre upset, and I think it would help to get the problem out in the open. It may be hard because I havent always listened very 58 well. If so, I feel bad because I love you and dont want to let you down. If Adam still refuses to talk, Steve can take a different tack: Im concerned about whats going on with you, but we can talk things over later, when youre more in the mood. This strategy allows both sides to win: Steve doesnt have to compromise on the principle that ultimately the problem needs to be talked out and resolved. Adam saves face by being allowed to withdraw for a while. Noisy critics. Recently, I was counselling a businessman named Frank who lends to be overbearing(專橫的) when hes upset. Frank told me that I was too absent-minded with money and that he shouldnt have to pay at each of our sessions. He wanted to be billed monthly. I felt annoyed because it seemed Frank always had to have things his way. I explained that I had tried monthly billing, but it hadnt worked because some patients didnt pay. Frank argued that he had impeccable (無(wú)可挑剔的 ) credit and knew much more about credit and billing than I did. Suddenly I realized I was missing Franks point. You are right, I said. Im being defensive. We should focus on the problems in your life and not worry so much about money. Frank immediately softened and began talking about what was really bothering him, which were some personal problems. The next time we met, he handed me a check for 20 sessions in advance! There are times, of course, when people are unreasonably abusive and you may need to just walk away from the situation. But if the problem is one that you want solved, its important to allow the other person to keep some self-esteem. Theres nearly always a grain of truth in the other persons point of view. If you acknowledge this, he or she will be less defensive and more likely to listen to you. Complainers. Brad is a 32-year-old Detroit chiropractor (按摩師) who recently described his frustration with a patient of his: I ask Mr. Barry, How are you doing? and he dumps out his whole life story-his family problems and his financial difficulties. I give him advice, but he ignores everything I tell him. Brad needs to recognize that habitual complainers usually dont want advice. They just want someone to listen and understand. So Brad might simply say : sounds like a rough week, Its no fun to have unpaid bills, people nagging you, and this pain besides. The complainer will usually run out of gas and stop complaining. The secret is not to give advice. Just agreeing and validating a persons point of view will make that person feel better. Demanding friends. Difficult people arent always -, angry or just complaining. Sometimes they are difficult because of the demands they place upon us. Maybe a friend puts you on the spot with a request to run an errand for him while hes out of town. If you have a crowded schedule, you may agree but end up angry and resentful. Or if you say no in the wrong way, your friend may feel hurt and unhappy. The problem is that, caught off guard, you dont know how to deal with the situation in a way that avoids bad feelings. One method Ive found helpful is punting. Youre punting when you tell the person you need to think about the request and that youll get back about it. Say a colleague calls and pressures me to give a lecture at his university. Ive learned to say, Im flattered that you thought of me. Let me check my schedule, and Ill call you back. This gives me time to deal with any feelings of guilt if I have to say no. Suppose I decide it is better to decline; punting allow me to plan what I will say when I call back, I appreciate being asked, I might indicate, but I find Im over-committed right now. However, I hope youll think of me in the future. Responding to difficult people with patience and empathy can be tough, especially when you feel upset. But the moment you give up your need to control or be right, the other person will begin relaxing and start listening to you. The Greek philosopher Epictetus understood this when he said nearly 2, 000 years ago, If someone criticizes you, agree at once. Mention that if only the other person knew you well, there would be more to criticize than that ! Real communication results from a spirit of respect for yourself and for the other person. The benefits can be amazing. 1. The principle the writer has discovered to stop any conflict from going worse is to find a way to agree. 2. The taxi driver thanked the businesswoman because she was very polite to him. 3. Difficult people mentioned in the passage include those who give occasional complaints. 4. One way to deal with the person who is unreasonably abusive is to walk away from the situation. 5. If Mr. Barry had followed Brads advice, he would have solved all his personal problems. 6. What habitual complainers need is a good listener. 7. It will end up in unhappiness whether you have satisfied your friends request or not. 8. You will be rewarded with a real communication if you_for others. 9. A difficult person can become a relaxing and good conversational partner if you_your control. 60 10. According to the author, one effective way to deal with a demanding friend is_. Passage 2 A growing world population and the discoveries of science may 11 this pattern of distribution in the future. As men slowly learn to master diseases, control floods, prevent famines, and stop wars, fewer people die every year; and in 12 the population of the world is 13 increasing. In 1925 there were about 2,000 million people in the world; by the end of the century there may well be over 4,000 million. When numbers rise the 14 mouths must be fed. New lands must be I bought under cultivation, or land already farmed made to 15 larger crops. In some areas the accessible land is largely so intensively 16 that it will be difficult to make it provide more food. In some areas the population is so dense that the land is parceled out in units too 17 to allow for much improvement in farming methods. Were a larger part of this farming population drawn off into industrial occupations, the land might be farmed much more productively by modern methods. There is now a race for science, technology, and industry to keep the 18 of food rising faster than the number of people to be fed. New strains of crops are being developed which will thrive in 19 climates; irrigation and dry-farming methods bring poor lands under the plough, dams hold back the waters of great rivers to 20 water for the fields in all seasons and to provide electric power for new industries; industrial chemistry provides fertilizers to suit particular soils; aero planes spray crops to destroy insects and many plant diseases. A. ensure B. violently C. alter D. harmful E. cultivated F. unique G. transplanted H. yield I. consequence J. output K. extra L. steadily M. tiny N. unfavorable O. produce Passage 3 The process of perceiving others is rarely translated (to ourselves or others) into cold, objective terms. She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt. More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint (強(qiáng)調(diào) ) his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas, and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quicklyperhaps with a two-second glance. We try to obtain information