農(nóng)產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易論文關(guān)于農(nóng)產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易中虛擬水流的驅(qū)動(dòng)因素論文范文參考資料

農(nóng)產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易論文關(guān)于農(nóng)產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易中虛擬水流的驅(qū)動(dòng)因素論文范文參考資料 動(dòng)格局；基于水資源的角度，北部地區(qū)尤其西北地區(qū)其農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)受到水資源的約束，隨著國家近年來西部大開發(fā)及西部生態(tài)建設(shè)戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)施，農(nóng)業(yè)用水受到進(jìn)一步的擠占，糧食面積與總產(chǎn)量逐年減少，導(dǎo)致當(dāng)?shù)匾渤蔀樘摂M水的凈調(diào)入?yún)^(qū)域，進(jìn)而形成“中糧西送”的流動(dòng)格局；農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展與應(yīng)用進(jìn)一步提高了北方地區(qū)的資源利用效率，帶來了當(dāng)?shù)丶Z食產(chǎn)量的大幅增加，推動(dòng)了虛擬水的南北流動(dòng)。 此外，地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平的差異在很大程度上影響著當(dāng)?shù)氐纳a(chǎn)選擇，從而決定了區(qū)域間的虛擬水流向。以我國東南地區(qū)為例，其人均GDP在全國處于最高水平，產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)以二、三產(chǎn)業(yè)為主，農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)較高的機(jī)會(huì)成本導(dǎo)致了自然資源被更多的用于工業(yè)和其他產(chǎn)業(yè)部門；而經(jīng)濟(jì)欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)其非農(nóng)就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)較少，農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)成本則相對(duì)較低，更多的水、土地、勞動(dòng)力等資源被用于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)。因此，盡管南方的水資源非常豐富，但出于經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的考慮，選擇從北方進(jìn)口糧食而不是大規(guī)模的進(jìn)行農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，也由此加劇了我國水資源逆向配置的格局。通過虛擬水貿(mào)易可以緩解經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)區(qū)域由于資源的“農(nóng)轉(zhuǎn)非”現(xiàn)象而產(chǎn)生的糧食安全等理由，實(shí)現(xiàn)資源在不同地區(qū)和產(chǎn)業(yè)間的優(yōu)化配置，為虛擬水進(jìn)口地區(qū)提供更大的經(jīng)濟(jì)貢獻(xiàn)。 (：王愛萍) _（References） 1Allan J A. Virtual Water: A Strategic Resource. Global Solutions to Regional DeficitsJ.Ground Water, 1998, 36(4): 545-546. 2劉紅梅, 王克強(qiáng), 劉靜. 虛擬水貿(mào)易及其影響因素研究J. 經(jīng)濟(jì)經(jīng)緯, xx，(2): 50-53.Liu Hongmei, Wang Keqiang, Liu Jing. A Research on the Virtual Water Trade and Its Influencing FactorsJ. Economic Survey,xx，(2):50-53. 3田貴良. 虛擬水戰(zhàn)略的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)解釋：比較優(yōu)勢(shì)理論的一個(gè)分析框架J. 經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家, xx，(5): 39-47.Tian Guiliang. Economic Interpretation of the Virtual Water Strategy：A Analysis Framework based on Comparative Advantage TheoryJ. Economist, xx，(5):39-47. 4鄒君, 毛德華. 中國虛擬水戰(zhàn)略優(yōu)勢(shì)度評(píng)價(jià)J. 資源科學(xué), xx, 30(8): 1122-1128.Zou Jun, Mao Dehua. Concept and Quantitative Assessment of Advantage Value of Virtual Water StrategyJ. Resources Sciences,xx,30(8):1122-1128. 6孫才志, 陳麗新. 我國虛擬水及虛擬水戰(zhàn)略研究J. 水利經(jīng)濟(jì)，xx, 28(2):1-4.Sun Caizhi, Chen Lixin. Study on Virtual Water and Virtual Water Strategy in ChinaJ. Journal of Economics of Water Resources, xx, 28(2):1-4. 7Anton Earle. The Role of Virtual Water in Food Security in Southern AfricaR.Oasional Paper NO33. Water Issues Study Group. School of Oriental and African Study(AOAS). University of London. September， xx. 8Dinesh K M, Signh O P. Virtual Water in Global Food and Water Policy Making: Is There a Need for Rethinking?J.Water Resources Management，xx，(19): 759-789. 9Turton A R. A Strategic Decision to Makers Guide to Virtual WaterM. Pretoria: Pretoria University, xx: 126-139. 10Ohlsson L, Turton A R.The Turning of a Screw: Social Resource Scarcity as Abottleneck in Adaptation to Water ScarcityR. Oasional Paper 19. Water Issues Study.Group, School of Oriental and African Study, University of London,1999. 11李新文，陳強(qiáng)強(qiáng)，景喆. 甘肅河西內(nèi)陸河流域社會(huì)化水資源稀缺評(píng)價(jià)J.中國人口?資源與環(huán)境，xx，15（6）: 85-89.Li Xinwen, Chen Qiangqiang, Jing Zhe. Assessment of Social Water Scarcity in the Continental River Basin of Hexi, Gansu ProvinceJ. China Population, Resources and Environment, xx,15(6):85-89. 12馬超, 田貴良, 謝文軒. 虛擬水戰(zhàn)略視角*域生態(tài)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制研究J. 人民黃河, xx,32(10):1-5.Ma Chao, Tian Guiliang, Xie Wenxuan. Study on Watershed Ecological Compensation Mechanism Based on Virtual Water Strategy in ChinaJ. Yellow River, xx,32(10):1-5. 13許長新, 馬超. 我國農(nóng)民用水權(quán)益保障: 理論框架及政策選擇J. 農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì), xx，(3): 92-95.Xu Changxin, Ma Chao. Protection of Peasants Water Using Rights: A Theoretical Framework and Policy OptionsJ. Rural Economy, xx，(3): 92-95. 14尹慶民, 馬超, 許長新. 中國流域內(nèi)農(nóng)業(yè)水費(fèi)的分擔(dān)模式J. 中國人口?資源與環(huán)境, xx,20(9):53-58.Yin Qingmin, Ma Chao, Xu