1986年至英語考研真題及答案精編版

1、使用說明（必讀）42009年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題5section iireading comprehension5part a5part b9part c11section iiiwriting11part a11part b112009年考研英語真題答案122008年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題13section iireading comprehension13part a13part b18part c19section iiiwriting20part a20part b202008年考研英語真題答案212007年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題21section

2、 iireading comprehension21part a21part b26part c28section iiiwriting29part a29part b292007年考研英語真題答案292006年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題30section iireading comprehension30part a30part b36part c37section iiiwriting38part a38part b382006年考研英語真題答案382005年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題40section iireading comprehension40part a40pa

3、rt b45part c46section iiiwriting47part a47part b472005年考研英語真題答案482004年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題49section iiireading comprehension49part a49part b54section ivwriting552004年考研英語真題答案552003年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題56section iiireading comprehension56part a56part b61section ivwriting622003年考研英語真題答案632002年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英

4、語試題64part a64part b70section ivwriting702002年考研英語真題答案712001年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題72section iiireading comprehension72section ivenglish-chinese translation77section vwriting782001年考研英語真題答案782000年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題79section iiireading comprehension79section ivenglish-chinese translation84section vwriting85

5、2000年考研英語真題答案851999年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題86section iiireading comprehension86section ivenglish-chinese translation92section vwriting921999年考研英語真題答案931998年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題94section iiireading comprehension94section ivenglish-chinese translation99section vwriting1001998年考研英語真題答案1011997年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題1

6、02section iiireading comprehension102section ivenglish-chinese translation107section vwriting1081997年考研英語真題答案1081996年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題109section iiireading comprehension109section ivenglish-chinese translation114section vwriting1151996年考研英語真題答案1151995年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題116section iiireading comprehen

7、sion116section ivenglish-chinese translation121section vwriting1221995年考研英語真題答案1221994年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題122section iiireading comprehension122section ivenglish-chinese translation127section vwriting1281994年考研英語真題答案1281993年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題128section iireading comprehension128section venglish-chinese

8、 translation132section viwriting1331993年考研英語真題答案1331992年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題133section iireading comprehension133section venglish-chinese translation137section viwriting1381992年考研英語真題答案1381991年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題139section iireading comprehension139section venglish-chinese translation143section viwriting

9、1431991年考研英語真題答案1441990年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題144section iireading comprehension144section viienglish-chinese translation1461990年考研英語真題答案1471989年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題148section iireading comprehension148section viienglish-chinese translation1511989年考研英語真題答案1521988年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題152section iireading compre

10、hension152section viienglish-chinese translation1551988年考研英語真題答案1561987年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題156section iireading comprehension156section viiienglish-chinese translation1601987年考研英語真題答案1601986年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題161section iiireading comprehension161section viiienglish-chinese translation1631986年考研英語真題答案1

11、63使用說明（必讀）愛你需要理由么？1.本文件包括19862008年23套全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題及答案。是我花費數(shù)百小時，反復(fù)逐字審校、多方考證制作而成。這是一份凝結(jié)著無限心血的、以當(dāng)今世界一流技術(shù)精心打造的、美侖美奐至不可思議的、不論內(nèi)容還是形式均堪稱一流的、正確率接近詞典級的文檔！她囊括23年真題，可謂工程浩大，功在當(dāng)代，利及千秋；她美觀準確，引領(lǐng)中國互聯(lián)網(wǎng)走向精致時代！本文檔由大家學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)出品、首發(fā)。2.試題及答案均經(jīng)無數(shù)遍仔細校對，是無比準確的電子版本（正確率基本接近詞典級）。但錯誤肯定還有，請各位不吝指正（請來大家論壇本文檔發(fā)布帖跟帖指正）。為了感謝大家的指正，為了打造真正

12、詞典級文檔，為了大幅度提高中國人民尤其是中國考生的生活品質(zhì)（竊以為，詞典級真題文本是考研復(fù)習(xí)資料中最最重要的“基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施”），本人籌措專款數(shù)千元用于獎勵（應(yīng)該是綽綽有余了），基本的獎勵標準是：一個標點符號2元，一個單詞3元，一個句子5元，錯誤、遺漏、多余等都算，每處錯誤當(dāng)然只能獎勵一次，當(dāng)然獎給最先指正者。糾錯必須在本文檔發(fā)布帖跟帖指出（不是沒有誠意，因為你發(fā)在別處我未必能看見啊，而且還有一個指正的先后順序問題）。具體獎勵辦法請看專帖：錯誤標準和獎勵辦法。對于核實的錯誤，會立即改正，立即更新本文檔，真正實現(xiàn)“有錯知錯，知錯就改”的理想！3.本文檔的意義，不僅在于方便廣大考生備考，也在于方便廣大教

13、師、專家編著考研真題復(fù)習(xí)資料。對于考生，在電腦上學(xué)習(xí)英語的效率肯定會比書面上高，查單詞，查資料非常方便，學(xué)習(xí)變成了一種享受！而且，對于做錯的題目，或者尚有疑惑的題目，可以來本站很方便地提出，大家網(wǎng)已將每題一個帖子發(fā)好，你連題目都不用發(fā)，直接根據(jù)全部單題鏈接總目錄（或者在考研英語區(qū)用6位數(shù)標準題號搜索，如2006年第5題的標準題號就是200605，1990年第18題就是199018）找到相應(yīng)的題目，跟帖提問便是（請不要發(fā)新帖）！4.本文檔版權(quán)歸大家網(wǎng)所有，任何網(wǎng)站轉(zhuǎn)載此文檔時，不得將本文檔用于商業(yè)用途，不得破壞本作品的完整性，不得清除本文檔中大家學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)和作者標識，必須在明顯位置清楚注明轉(zhuǎn)自大家學(xué)

14、習(xí)網(wǎng)，否則，自行承擔(dān)一切法律后果！5.預(yù)祝大家輕松考出滿意高分（簡稱“滿分”，呵呵）！祝你成功！閣明俊2008年10月8日2009年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題section iireading comprehensionpart adirections:read the following four texts. answer the questions below each text by choosing a, b, c or d. mark your answers on answer sheet 1. (40 points)text1habits are a funny thi

15、ng. we reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd,” william wordsworth said in the 19th century. in the ever-changing 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negat

16、ive connotation.so it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. but brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought

17、 onto new, innovative tracks. but dont bother trying to kill off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the hippocampus, theyre there to stay. instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.“the first thing need

18、ed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,” says dawna markova, author of “the open mind” and an executive change consultant for professional thinking partners. “but we are taught instead to decide, just as our president calls himself the decider. ” she adds, however, that “to decide is to kill

19、 off all possibilities but one. a good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.”all of us work through problems in ways of which were unaware, she says. researchers in the late 1960 covered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary wa

20、ys: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. at puberty, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.the current emphasis on standardized testin

21、g highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. “this breaks the major rule in the american belief system that anyone can do anything,” explains m. j. ryan, author of the 2006 book “this year i will.” and ms. markovas busi

22、ness partner. “thats a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. knowing what youre good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.” this is where developing new habits comes in.21. the view of wordsworth habit is claimed by being a. casual b. familiar c. mechanical d. changeabl

23、e. 22. the researchers have discovered that the formation of habit can be a. predicted b. regulated c. traced d. guided 23.” ruts”(in line one, paragraph 3) has closest meaning to a. tracks b. series c. characteristics d. connections24. ms. markovas comments suggest that the practice of standard tes

24、ting ?a, prevents new habits form being formedb, no longer emphasizes commonnessc, maintains the inherent american thinking modeld, complies with the american belief system25. ryan most probably agree that a. ideas are born of a relaxing mindb. innovativeness could be taught c. decisiveness derives

25、from fantastic ideasd. curiosity activates creative minds text 2it is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom or at least confirm that hes the kids dad. all he needs to do is shell our $30 for paternity testing kit (ptk) at his local drugstore

26、 and another $120 to get the results.more than 60,000 people have purchased the ptks since they first become available without prescriptions last years, according to doug fog, chief operating officer of identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits. more than two dozen companies sell dna tests d

27、irectly to the public , ranging in price from a few hundred dollars to more than $2500.among the most popular : paternity and kinship testing , which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and latest rage a many passionate genealogists-and supports businesses that offer to searc

28、h for a familys geographic roots .most tests require collecting cells by webbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company for testing. all tests require a potential candidate with whom to compare dna. but some observers are skeptical, “there is a kind of false precision being hawked by peop

29、le claiming they are doing ancestry testing,” says trey duster, a new york university sociologist. he notes that each individual has many ancestors-numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back. yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the y chromosome inherited throug

30、h men in a fathers line or mitochondrial dna, which a passed down only from mothers. this dna can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other great-

31、great-grandparents.critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as the reference collections to which a sample is compared. databases used by some companies dont rely on data collected systematically but rather lump together information from different research projects. this me

32、ans that a dna database may differ depending on the company that processes the results. in addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation. 26.in paragraphs 1 and 2 , the text shows ptks _.aeasy availabilit

33、ybflexibility in pricing c successful promotion d popularity with households27. ptk is used to _.alocate ones birth placebpromote genetic researchc identify parent-child kinship d choose children for adoption 28. skeptical observers believe that ancestry testing fails to_.atrace distant ancestors b

34、rebuild reliable bloodlinesc fully use genetic information d achieve the claimed accuracy 29. in the last paragraph ,a problem commercial genetic testing faces is _.adisorganized data collection b overlapping database building 30. an appropriate title for the text is most likely to be_.afors and aga

35、insts of dna testing b dna testing and its problemscdna testing outside the lab d lies behind dna testing text 3the relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike progress in both area is undoubtedly necessary f

36、or the social, political and intellectual development of these and all other societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. we are fortunate that is it, because new educational

37、 systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations. the findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and, as a result

38、, radically higher standards of living.ironically, the first evidence for this idea appeared in the united states. not long ago, with the country entering a recessing and japan at its pre-bubble peak. the u.s. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of primary cause of the poor u.s. economi

39、c performance. japan was, and remains, the global leader in automotive-assembly productivity. yet the research revealed that the u.s. factories of honda nissan, and toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their japanese countere pants a result of the training that u.s. workers receiv

40、ed on the job.more recently, while examing housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-english- speaking mexican workers in houston, texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industrys work.what is the real rel

41、ationship between education and economic development? we have to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even when governments dont force it. after all, thats how education got started. when our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didnt h

42、ave time to wonder much about anything besides finding food. only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things.as education improved, humanitys productivity potential, they could in turn afford more education. this increasingly high level of education

43、is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance. thus poor countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal education. a lack of forma

44、l education, however, doesnt constrain the ability of the developing worlds workforce to substantially improve productivity for the forested future. on the contrary, constraints on improving productivity explain why education isnt developing more quickly there than it is.31. the author holds in para

45、graph 1 that the important of education in poor countries _.a is subject groundless doubts b has fallen victim of bias c is conventional downgradedd has been overestimated 32. it is stated in paragraph 1 that construction of a new education system _.achallenges economists and politicians btakes effo

46、rts of generations c demands priority from the government d requires sufficient labor force 33.a major difference between the japanese and u.s workforces is that _.a the japanese workforce is better disciplined b the japanese workforce is more productive cthe u.s workforce has a better education d t

47、he u.s workforce is more organize 34. the author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that education emerged _.a when people had enough time b prior to better ways of finding food c when people on longer went hung d as a result of pressure on government 35. according to the last paragraph , d

48、evelopment of education _.a results directly from competitive environments b does not depend on economic performance c follows improved productivity d cannot afford political changestext 4the most thoroughly studied in the history of the new world are the ministers and political leaders of seventeen

49、th-century new england. according to the standard history of american philosophy, nowhere else in colonial america was “so much important attached to intellectual pursuits ” according to many books and articles, new englands leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, do

50、minant puritan tradition in american intellectual life.to take this approach to the new englanders normally mean to start with the puritans theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church-important subjects that we may not neglect. but in keeping with our examination of southern

51、 intellectual life, we may consider the original puritans as carriers of european culture adjusting to new world circumstances. the new england colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity.the early settlers of massachusetts bay

52、 included men of impressive education and influence in england. besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to massachusetts church in the decade after 1629,there were political leaders like john winthrop, an educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the crown before he journeyed to boston

53、. there men wrote and published extensively, reaching both new world and old world audiences, and giving new england an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.we should not forget , however, that most new englanders were less well educated. while few crafts men or farmers, let alone dependents and s

54、ervants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, the in thinking often had a traditional superstitions quality. a tailor named john dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving england that is filled with signs. sexual confusion, economic frustrations , and re

55、ligious hope-all name together in a decisive moment when he opened the bible, told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: “come out from among them, touch no unclean thing , and i will be your god and you shall be my people.” one wonders what dane thought

56、 of the careful sermons explaining the bible that he heard in puritan churched. mean while , many settles had slighter religious commitments than danes, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the new world for religion . “our main end was to catch fish. ”36. the author notes that in the seventeenth-century new england_.a puritan tradition dominated political life.b intellectual interests were encouraged.c politics benefited much from intellectual