2022年2022年從高考題談動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)

1、精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載從高考題談動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)1動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)例： 1.-what do you think made mary so upset ？- her new bicycle. （ 1997 上海）a.as she lostb lostclosingd because of losing解析：答案c；losing 在此為動(dòng)名詞,與her new bicycle 構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)在句中作主語(yǔ)；該題可以懂得為： losing hernew bicycle made mary so upset 1.在下面的句型中,it 為形式主語(yǔ), v-ing 形式作真正的主語(yǔ)；1) it s

2、 no use good v-ing 如：it s no good smoking、 you d better give it up it s no use arguing with him 2) it s a waste of time / so nice/ foolish interesting / doing sth. it s a waste of time waiting here.it sso nice talking to you.2.v-ing 形式作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；learning new words is very useful to me writing headl

3、ines in english is not an easy job 動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)1）有些動(dòng)詞后只接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)；這類動(dòng)詞常見的有：admit , advise, finish、 avoid , escape、 delay, consider、dislike、 mind、 suggest , enjoy, miss 、practise, imagine, appreciate（感謝） 、risk 冒險(xiǎn) 等等；2.our monitor suggested a discussion of this subject. 85a to have b should have chaved having精

4、品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載key: d2）有些動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞詞組既可接不定式也可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ),但意思不同；這類動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞詞組常見的有： stop, forget , remember, try , mean, goon, regret、 can t help 等等；1） go on to do 接著做（另一件事）go on doing連續(xù)做（同一件事）2） stop to do 停下來(lái)去做； stop doing 停止做 3） remember to do 記住要做； remember doing記得曾做過 4can t help to do 不能幫忙做；cant help d

5、oing情不自禁地做4） forget to do遺忘要做； forget doing忘了曾經(jīng)做過 5） regret to do 很遺憾愧疚地去做；regret doing 懊悔做了 6） try to do努力做； try doing試著做7） mean to do 準(zhǔn)備做； mean doing 意味著做3. you were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.-well , now i regret that.95 a to dob to be doing cto have doned having done解析：答案d；本

6、句意為：我現(xiàn)在懊悔在會(huì)上提出了反對(duì)看法；表示對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情“懊悔”應(yīng)用 regret doing havingdone3. you were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting -well , now i regret that.95 a to dob to be doingcto have doned having done解析：答案d；本句意為：我現(xiàn)在懊悔在會(huì)上提出了反對(duì)看法；表示對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情“懊悔”應(yīng)用 regret doing havingdone3）動(dòng)名詞充當(dāng)介詞的賓語(yǔ),常用在含有某些介詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后,這類常見的

7、短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有：insist on、 think of、 feel like cf. would like to do sth., set about cf. set out to do sth. , be fond of , look forward tocf. look forward精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載to do sth. , pay attention to , get used to, give up 、 devote to, put off 、succeed in、 have difficulty in、 get down to開頭著手做 等等；例： she

8、looks forward every spring to the flower-linedgarden（ 1995 上 海 ） a visit b paying a visit cwalk in d walking in解析：答案d；look forward to doingsth為固定用法,故排除a .c 項(xiàng)； b 項(xiàng)在 visit 后加 to 才正確,所以應(yīng)排除；cf. the letter that i was looking forward to at last.a. comingb. camec. comed. being come key: b4）動(dòng)名詞在need, want,r

9、equire , be worth 后接賓語(yǔ),常以主動(dòng)形式來(lái)表示被動(dòng)意義.cf. be worthy of being done/ to be donethis book is worthy of being read / to be read.need/ want/ require doing sth / to be done 需要做 eg. my bike needs repairing / to be repaired.5） permit、 allow、 forbid、 require 要求 doing sth./ sb to do sth.跟人作賓語(yǔ)后,必需用不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)；例如：thi

10、s room won t allow smoking. 在這間屋里不準(zhǔn)吸煙；we do not allow anybody to smoke here. 這里不許吸煙；例： what do you think of the book ？-oh ,excellent it's worth a second time a to readb to be readcreadingd being read key: c6有些動(dòng)詞后可跟不定式和v-ing 形式作賓語(yǔ),意義差別不大；1）在 like、 love、 hate、prefer 等動(dòng)詞后, v-ing 形式表示常常性. 概括性的動(dòng)作, 不定

11、式表示詳細(xì)的.特定的某一次動(dòng)作；如：精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載she likes singing、 but she doesn t like to sing today 7在 begin、 start、continue 后跟 v-ing 形式和不定式作賓語(yǔ)沒有區(qū)分,但start, begin 本身為進(jìn)行式或后接realize、 wonder、understand 等心理活動(dòng)的詞時(shí),常用不定式作賓語(yǔ)；如： i began to realize that i was wrong 3動(dòng)名詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)名詞有一般式和完成式；它的一般式所表示的動(dòng)作或?yàn)榕c句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,

12、或?yàn)樵诰渲兄^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之后發(fā)生；而它的完成式所表示的動(dòng)作就一般發(fā)生在句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前；例 1：while shopping , people sometimes can't help into buyingsomething they don't really need （ 1996 上海）a to persuade b persuading cbeing persuaded d be persuaded解析：答案c；依據(jù)句意,can't help 為“抑制不磚賓語(yǔ)；在此句中,people 與 persuade 之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式；例 2:ton

13、y was very unhappy for to the party （ 2000 上海）a having not been invited b not having invitedc having not invited d not having been invited解析：答案d ；動(dòng)名詞的否定式作介詞的賓語(yǔ)；由于tony 未被邀請(qǐng)?jiān)谙?不興奮在后,所以采納了完成式的形式；4動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),名詞可用一般格代替全部格,代詞可用賓格形式代替形容詞性物主代詞；eg.i don t like you/ your/ tom / tom s being late.但

14、為動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),只能用your / toms being late 形式；例:what worried the child most was to visit his mother in the hospital （ 1998 上海）a his not allowingb his not being allowed精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載chis being not allowedd having not been allowed解析：答案b ；動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的否定式應(yīng)把否定詞not 放在物主代詞之后.動(dòng)名詞之前；child和 allow 之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,所以就用其被動(dòng)

15、式；覃幾個(gè)重要的句型：1.there is no use / good doing sth. 2.there is no +動(dòng)名詞there is no joking about such matter. 這事開不得玩笑；三. 用 to do 而不用 v-ing 作定語(yǔ)的情形一所修飾的詞為desire、 effort、 failure、 promise等she made a promise to come and help us二所修飾的名詞前有the first last next, the only 和 the best, themost 等序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾語(yǔ).who was th

16、e last one to leave the room last night she is always the first to get to work 三所修飾的名詞與定語(yǔ)間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系 i have some clothes to wash tonight she gave him a piece of paper to write on 四所修飾的名詞與定語(yǔ)有主謂關(guān)系i need someone to type the letters for me you must find a person to look after your house for you while you are away五所修飾的名詞與定語(yǔ)有同位關(guān)系at that time women had no right to vote they got the orde