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1、graduation designopen i ng reportcollege :highway collegemajor :international engineeringname :xxxxstudent number： 2106080229academic advisor：xxxxflnisn time：2012/04/26opening report for changan universitygraduation designtopicnamebridge disasters researchsubjectcustomizsubjectpaperadvisersourceproj

2、ecttypestudentnumber2106080229major國(guó)際工程丄 the background and significance of subjectthe large bridge is connecting rivers and the land of the important channels, support staff； equipment and supplies frequent contacts with the large-scale flow of reliable earner. the bridge not only accounts for abou

3、t 10% -20% of the total cost of highway projects in the project cost, and often the throat of transportation, its importance is self-evident. in recent years, with the progress of science and technology, the peopled economic and cultural level, roundabout cross all kinds of overpass on the highway,

4、link building the viaduct within the city novel long-span bridges, the yangtze river, yellow river and other major rivers etc. are springing up, frequently built. tens of miles long ambitious construction project of the gulf, the strait of large bridge are also emerging, a variety of innovative, com

5、plex bridge structures are still emerging.therefore, it is important for the bridge disaster prevention and research, especially in recent years, various natural disasters occur more frequently caused by humaivs strongly damage of the natural environment. at the same time, the size of the bridge is

6、constantly expanding, and its cost in the rising year by year. damage has been caused by natural disasters on the bridge suffered great economic losses to respond to disasters to the bridge has been under increasing attention.右 the domestic and foreign development status anddevelopment trendin our c

7、ountry, the flood impact assessment of large-scale bridge is a very important topic, but at present, there is no standard uniform method, so as soon as a system set up scientific, objective comprehensive evaluation method, become an urgent important tasks. based on water law of the people's repu

8、blic of china, the law of the people's republic purposes hthe river management regulations of the people's republic of china" and other relevant laws and regulations: built bridges, wharf and other facilities, must, in accordance with state provisions of the flood control standard as de

9、termined by the river on wide, and shall not erode river flood. the parts of the bridge and the bottom of the beam must be higher than the design flood, and according to the requirements of flood control and navigation, with have certain high; in the flood storage and detention area construction the

10、 flood control project, the construction project shall be to the possible effects for flood control and construction projects may influence make evaluation, work out the flood impact report, defense measures put forward.earthquakes are common in china is the country, particularly in 2008 of the wenc

11、huan earthquake, through this quake on the bridge damage analysis, our country's bridge seismic technology has improved a lot, such as isolation technology got the general application.our country is a river transportation is abundant resources of the country, with more than 5800 size natural riv

12、er, the river is 430000 kilometers, now the country's inland river transportation mileage of 111000 kilometers. along with the rapid development of highway transportation and is cuirently in the natural rivers has been very large bridge of the 1580 seats, bridge 14429 seats. our ship bridge, the

13、 study of collision mainly from the ninety s later start. international ship collision problems about the systematic study on the bridge began in 1980 s.j research contents1. research on the influence of the bridge and the countermeasures1.1 determine the bridges impact assessment flood method and m

14、athematicalmodel:1.2 put forward the feasible methods to bridge preventing flood of its applicationin engineering practice2. research on the influence of the earthquake bridge and the countermeasures 2.1 the type of earthquake damage and its causes bridge;2.2 establish seismic forces theory and stru

15、cture seismic fortification methods;2.3 put forward measures and structure bridge seismic vibration control;3. research on the influence of the strong wind on the bridge and the countermeasures.3.1 the study of static and dynamic role;3.2 put forward measures to reduce the role of bridge;4. the infl

16、uence of impact for car, ship to bridge and countermeasures.4.1 list the current car, the boat hit to the bridge;4.2 the mechanics research car, the ship hitting bridges;4.3 the research bridge cars, boats hit design method;四、graduation project (paper) process arrangementnumber each stage name of the paperdate(weeks)1 refer to collect data4.16-4.222 writing bernal4.23-4.293 to write the fir