2022年初中介詞用法總結(jié),推薦文檔

1、1 介詞英文縮寫(xiě)是prep. 是英文preposition的縮寫(xiě)1.表示地點(diǎn)位置的介詞1)at ,in, on, to， for at (1) 表示在小地方; (2) 表示 “ 在 附近，旁邊” in (1) 表示在大地方; (2) 表示 “ 在 范圍之內(nèi)” 。on 表示毗鄰，接壤，“ 在 上面 ” 。to 表示在 范圍外，不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否接壤；或“ 到 ” 2)above, over, on 在 上above 指在 上方 ,不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否垂直，與below相對(duì)；over 指垂直的上方,與 under 相對(duì) ,但 over 與物體有一定的空間，不直接接觸。on 表示某物體上面并與之接觸。the bird

2、 is flying above my head. there is a bridge over the river. he put his watch on the desk. 3)below, under 在 下面under表示在 正下方below表示在 下，不一定在正下方there is a cat under the table. please write your name below the line. 4)in front frantof, in the front of 在 前面in front of 意思是 “ 在 前面 ” ，指甲物在乙物之前，兩者互不包括；其反義詞是 be

3、hind （在 的后面）。there are some flowers in front of the house.( 房子前面有些花卉。) in the front of 意思是 “ 在 . 的前部 ” ，即甲物在乙物的內(nèi)部.反義詞是at the back of （在 范圍內(nèi)的后部）。there is a blackboard in the front of our classroom. 我們的教室前邊有一塊黑板。our teacher stands in the front of the classroom. 我們的老師站在教室前.(老師在教室里) 5） beside ， behind b

4、eside 表示在 旁邊behind 表示在 后面2.表示時(shí)間的介詞1)in , on ， at 在 時(shí)in 表示較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，如世紀(jì)、朝代、時(shí)代、年、季節(jié)、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 頁(yè)，共 10 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 頁(yè)，共 10 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -2 如in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer,

5、in january, in the morning, in ones life , in ones thirties等。on 表示具體某一天及其早、中、晚。如 on may 1st, on monday, on new years day, on a col d night in january, on a fine morning, on sunday afternoon等。at 表示某一時(shí)刻或較短暫的時(shí)間，或泛指圣誕節(jié)，復(fù)活節(jié)等。如 at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of , at the age

6、 of , at christmas，at night, at noon, at this moment等。注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every 等詞之前一律不用介詞。如：wemeet every day. 2)in, after 在 之后“in +段時(shí)間 ” 表示將來(lái)的一段時(shí)間以后；“after+段時(shí)間 ” 表示過(guò)去的一段時(shí)間以后；“after+將來(lái)的時(shí)間點(diǎn)” 表示將來(lái)的某一時(shí)刻以后。3)from, since 自從 from僅說(shuō)明什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始，不說(shuō)明某動(dòng)作或情況持續(xù)多久；since 表示某動(dòng)作或情況持續(xù)至說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)刻，通常與完成時(shí)連用。since 表示

7、 自（某具體時(shí)間）以來(lái)，常用作完成時(shí)態(tài) 謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。since liberation（ 1980 ）自從解放（1980 年）以來(lái)they have been close friends since childhood他們從小就是好朋友。（ 1）since the war 是指 自從戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束以來(lái)，若指 自從戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)開(kāi)始以來(lái)，須說(shuō) since the beginning of the war 。（ 2）不要將since 與 after 混淆。比較： he has worked here since 1965 （指一段時(shí)間，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間段）自從1965 年以來(lái)，他一直在這兒工作。he began to

8、work here after 1965 （指一點(diǎn)時(shí)間，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間點(diǎn)）從1965 年以后，他開(kāi)始在這兒工作。4)after, behind 在 之后after 主要用于表示時(shí)間；behind主要用于表示位置。時(shí)間名詞前介詞用法口訣年前周前要用in 具體日子要用on 遇到幾號(hào)也用on 上午下午得是in 要說(shuō)某日上下午精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 頁(yè)，共 10 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 頁(yè)，共 10 頁(yè) - - - - - -

9、- - -3 用 on 換 in 記清楚午夜黃昏用at 黎明用它也不錯(cuò)at 用在時(shí)分前說(shuō) “ 差 ” 可要用上to 說(shuō) 過(guò) 要用 past 3.表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的介詞：across, through 通過(guò)，穿過(guò)across表示橫過(guò),即從物體表面通過(guò)，與on 有關(guān)，為二維through穿過(guò) ,即從物體內(nèi)部穿過(guò)，與in 有關(guān)，為三維。4.表示 “ 在 之間 ” 的介詞：表示 “ 在 之間 ” 的介詞在英語(yǔ)中屬于方位介詞，如 in front of ，behind ，on ，in，near ，under ，up between, among between指在兩個(gè)人或兩個(gè)事物之間；among指在三個(gè)或三

10、個(gè)以上的人或事物之間。5.表示其他意義的介詞1)on ,about 關(guān)于on 表示這本書(shū)，這篇文章或演說(shuō)是嚴(yán)肅的，或?qū)W術(shù)性的，可供專(zhuān)門(mén)研究這一問(wèn)題的人閱讀；about表示內(nèi)容較為普通，不那么正式。2)by, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具by 以 方法、手段或泛指某種交通工具；with 表示用工具、手段，一般接具體的工具和手段；in 表示用 方式，用語(yǔ)言 (語(yǔ)調(diào)、筆墨、顏色)等；3)except, besides 除了except 除 之外，不包括在內(nèi)；besides 除 之外，包括在內(nèi)。except for mr. wang, we went to see the film.( 王先

11、生沒(méi)去) besides mr. wang, we also went to see the film.( 王先生也去了) 三.鞏固練習(xí)1. taiwan is _ the southeast of china. （ in, on, to）2. go _on_ the bridge _to_ the river, youll find the shop. （ across, through; over, above ）3. i go to school _at_7:30 every morning.（ in, on, at ）精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - -

12、- - - - - 第 3 頁(yè)，共 10 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 頁(yè)，共 10 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -4 4. he would like to meet her _at_8:00 and 9:00 tomorrow morning. （ between, among ）5. the greens have lived in china _for_ three years. （ in, for, after）6. we go to school every day _o

13、n_ saturday and sunday.（ except, besides ）7. he wrote the letter _ ink. （by, with ,in ）8. she returned to her country _for_five years. （ in, after, for ）9. there is a big tree _ our classroom.（ after, behind ）10. i usually go to work _ bike. （ by, on, with ）1. theres something _ her that i really do

14、nt like. a. with b. forc. to d. about 2. i was angry _ him for keeping me waiting. a. with b. toc. about d. on 3. _ going to french evening classes twice a week she does yoga on wednesdays . a. because of b. exceptc. besides d. but for 4. _ cooking, writing and running the farm, she was very busy. a

15、. among b. betweenc. over d. as 5. _ one old lady, the bus was empty. a. except b. except forc. but d. besides 6. they promise that the work would all be finished _ next week.a. until b. inc. by d. to 7. we didn t live together. we kept in touch _ writing often. a. with b. ofc. on d. by 8. it was ve

16、ry kind of her. she insisted _ her car to us. a. to lend b. lendingc. on lending d. in lending 9. we ve talked a lot _ cars. what about trains? a. of b. withc. about d. in 10. “how long have you been here?” “_ the end of last month.” a. in b. byc. at d. since 11. the chemistry teacher required the s

17、tudents _ more attention_ the lab clean . 精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 頁(yè)，共 10 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 頁(yè)，共 10 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -5 a. to pay, to keep b. to paying, to keepingc. to pay, to keeping d. paying, keeping 12. “is your car equal _

18、 hers in speed?” “no, mine is faster. butmy old one equals _ hers in speed. a. to, to b. , c. to, d. , to 13. this exam is very important for her. she won t go home _ the exam. a. until after b. after untilc. until d. from 14. this suit fits me well _ the trousers are too long. a. only b. except for

19、c. except that d. except 15. after a quick dinner, they set off _ car and made _ thenearest town. a. by, to b. in, toc. by, for d. in, for 看似相同，但意義有別的詞組英語(yǔ)中有一些介詞詞組和動(dòng)詞詞組，它們從形式上看似乎基本相同，但在意義上卻截然不同。要是我們?cè)谟洃浬蠈?duì)這類(lèi)詞組不加以重視，使用時(shí)就很容易望文生義，甚至張冠李戴。為此，把這類(lèi)詞組歸納如下：(1) at table 在進(jìn)餐at the table 在桌子旁（ =beside the desk）(2)

20、at desk 在讀書(shū)或做作業(yè)at the desk在書(shū)桌旁(3) at school 在校上學(xué)（指學(xué)生）at the school 在學(xué)校（指教職工）(4) in front of the bus 在公共汽車(chē)的前面 （不在車(chē)上）in the front of the bus 在公共汽車(chē)的前部（在車(chē)上）(5) at sea在航海中at the sea在海邊(6) by day 白天by the day 按日，論日(7) behind time 誤期behind the time 落后于時(shí)代(8) in class 在上課，在課內(nèi)in the class 在這個(gè)班(9) in bed 臥床，在睡

21、覺(jué)in the bed 在床上(10) in prison 坐牢in the prison 在監(jiān)獄(11) in red 穿著紅色的衣服in the red 負(fù)債，虧損(12) in hospital 住院（指病人）in the hospital （因事）在醫(yī)院(13) in office 在辦公，執(zhí)政in the office 在辦公室(14) in secret 秘密，私下in the secret 參入秘密，參入陰謀(15) in place of 代替，而不是in the place of 在地方(16) in case of 萬(wàn)一，如果in the case of 就來(lái)說(shuō)，至于(17

22、) of age 成年人of an age同齡人(18) out of office 離職out of the office 離開(kāi)辦公室(19) out of prison （因犯罪）出獄out of the prison （因事）從監(jiān)獄出來(lái)(20) out of question 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)out of the question 不可能，辦不到精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 頁(yè)，共 10 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 頁(yè)，共 1

23、0 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -6 2）.含有介詞的動(dòng)詞詞組(1) come out of hospital （病好）出院come out of the hospital （因事）從醫(yī)院里出來(lái)(2) come out of prison （刑滿(mǎn)）釋放come out of the prison （因事）從監(jiān)獄里出來(lái)(3) go to school 去上學(xué)go to the school（因事）去學(xué)校(4) go to college 上大學(xué)go to the/a college 去一所學(xué)校（辦事）(5) go to bed 上床睡覺(jué)go to the bed 去床邊(6) go to

24、 hospital 去住院go to the hospital（因事）去醫(yī)院(7) go to prison 去坐牢go to the prison（因事）去監(jiān)獄(8) go to sea 當(dāng)海員go to the sea去海邊(9) go to court 起訴go to the court （因事）去法庭(10) go to church 做禮拜go to the church（因事）去教堂(11) keep house 管理家務(wù)keep the house守在家里(12) take place 發(fā)生take the place 代替3）.有無(wú)冠詞，意義無(wú)多大區(qū)別的介詞詞組(1)at(th

25、e)most 至多(2)at(the)first 起初(3)all(the)day 整天(4)catch(a)cold 感冒(5)in(the)future 將來(lái)(6)in(the)memory of 紀(jì)念(7)go to(the)office 上班，去辦公室(8)go to(the)market 趕集，去市場(chǎng)(9)on(a)holiday 在度假(10)(the)day before yesterday 前天(11)(the)most of 大多數(shù)(12)with(a)smiling face 面帶微笑英語(yǔ)中考專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)介詞部分( ) 1. china lies _ the east of a

26、sia and _ the north of australia. a. to; to b. in; to c. to; in d. in; on ( ) 2. _ the afternoon of march 8, the women in the city had a big party. a. to b. in c. at d. on ( ) 3. we all agree _ you. let s start at once. a. to b. for c. with d. on ( ) 4. where s lily? we are all here _ her. a. beside

27、s b. about c. except d. with ( ) 5. does your father go to work, _ foot or _ bike? a. on; with b. with; on c. by; on d. on; by ( ) 6. lucy was _ duty yesterday, but she forgot to clean the classroom. a. in b. on c. at d. of ( ) 7. timmy goes to school _ every day. it s 5 minutes walk from his home t

28、o school. a. in a bus b. by plane c. on foot d. by boat 精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 頁(yè)，共 10 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 頁(yè)，共 10 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -7 ( ) 8. mum, today is mother s day. mike and i want to invite you to have dinner _ us at shangh

29、ai restaurant, which is famous _ its seafood. a. with; of b. with; for c. for; to d. to; for ( ) 9. he has got a chair to sit _, but nobody to talk _. a. on; to b. /; with c. on; / d. /; to ( ) 10. jack has studied chinese in this school _ the year of 2000. a. since b. in c. on d. by ( ) 11. how are

30、 you going to the train station to meet your aunt? -i m going there _ my car. a. by b. in c. to d. on ( ) 12. andy often helps her mother _ the housework on sunday afternoon. a. to b. with c. for d. of ( ) 13. you d better not go out now. it s raining. -it doesn t matter. my new coat can keep _ rain

31、. a. in b. of c. with d. off ( ) 14. english is widely used _ travelers and business people all over the world. a. to b. for c. as d. by ( ) 15. my sister usually thinks _ her own language first. then she turns her words into english. a. by b. in c. with d. through ( ) 16. it s kind _ you to come to

32、 see me. -it s a pleasure. you were so kind _ me. a. of; with b. for; with c. of; to d. for; to ( ) 17. is the manager in? -sorry, he is out. but he will be back _ three o clock. a. in b. on c. until d. before ( ) 18. _ the age of fifteen, she had written scores of articles for a newspaper. a. at b.

33、 before c. since d. by ( ) 19. in china, the price of tv sets has been reduced _ 30% in the last three years. a. on b. by c. with d. for ( ) 20. when you called on me, i was _ a visit to mr smith. a. on b. at c. in d. to ( ) 21. bob, you are wanted _ the phone. thanks a lot. a. on b. by c. of d. for

34、 ( ) 22. the soil is made _ the dead leaves of the trees. a. up of b. of c. from d. by ( ) 23. i didn t have any breakfast _ a cup of milk. a. besides b. except for c. except d. for ( ) 24. we re sure you ll be famous _ a writer before long. a. as b. for c. with d. by ( ) 25. the writer often sat up

35、 far into the night working _ a new novel. a. for b. on c. with d. in ( ) 26. you look tired. _ working indoors you should be out for a walk. 精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 7 頁(yè)，共 10 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 7 頁(yè)，共 10 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -8 a. ahead

36、 of b. instead of c. in front of d. in spite of ( ) 27. you must stand _ line when you are waiting _ a bus. a. on; in b. in; for c. in; on d. on; for ( ) 28. man landed on the moon in 1969 for the first time. have you ever heard _ it? a. on b. to c. of d. from ( ) 29. it s very nice _ you to get me

37、two tickets _ the world cup. a. for; of b. of; for c. to; for d. of; to ( ) 30. the woman feels worried _ her sick baby. a. for b. to c. on d. about ( ) 31. what do you think of the report on the ufos? -great! many students were interested in it and they kept on standing _ the end of the meeting. a.

38、 until b. in c. at d. by ( ) 32. have you got any books _ science? a. at b. about c. of d. in ( ) 33. she likes reading _ many different subjects. a. of b. at c. on d. in ( ) 34. mr wang is very strict. his students are afraid _ him. a. at b. of c. about d. to ( ) 35. this story happened _ the last

39、few years. a. at b. since c. during d. for ( ) 36. we should do something to stop sandstorms _ happening again and again. a. from b. on c. by d. to ( ) 37. china became a wto member _ december 11th , 2001. a. on b. in c. at d. of ( ) 38. there s a smile on her face. i think she s _ my work. a. sorry

40、 for b. worried about c. pleased with d. afraid of精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 8 頁(yè)，共 10 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 8 頁(yè)，共 10 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -9 初中介詞搭配1)at once 立刻2)at last 最后3)at first 起先，首先4)at the age of 在歲時(shí)5)at the end of 在之末6)at the beginni

41、ng of 在之初7)at the foot of 在腳下8)at the same time 同時(shí)9)at night/noon 在夜里 /中午10)with ones help 在某人的幫助下，由于某人的幫助11)with the help of 在的幫助下12)with a smile 面帶笑容13)with ones own eyes 親眼看見(jiàn)14)after a while 過(guò)了一會(huì)兒15)from now on 從現(xiàn)在起16)from then on 從那時(shí)起17)far example 例如18)far away from 遠(yuǎn)離19)from morning till night 從早到晚20)by and by 不久21)by air mail 寄航空郵件22)by bike/air/train/bus 騎自行車(chē) /乘飛機(jī) /火車(chē) /汽車(chē)23)by ordinary mail 寄平信24)by the way 順便說(shuō)25)by the window 在窗邊26)by the end of 到底為止27)little by little 逐漸地28)in all 總共29)in fact 事實(shí)上30)in ones twenties 在某人二十幾歲時(shí)31)in a hurry 匆忙32)in the middle of 在