一般現(xiàn)在時知識點

1、一般現(xiàn)在時基本用法介紹：一、一般現(xiàn)在時的功能：（一）表示經(jīng)常性發(fā)生或反復發(fā)生習慣性的動作；這種用法中經(jīng)常用到：often經(jīng)常, usually通常, always總是， every每個, sometimes有時， at在幾點鐘，等做時間狀語，也可以說,這是一個一般現(xiàn)在時語法的特征。如：I usually get up at six.（表示經(jīng)常性的事情。）He often has dinner at home.（經(jīng)常性事情）They always go to school on foot.他們總是步行去上學。（“總是”表示經(jīng)常性的事情）（二）表示事物或人物（主語）的現(xiàn)在的特征、狀態(tài)，這種情形下，

2、通常不帶時間狀語。如：She likes bread, but she doesnt like pizza .Do you speak English?The sky is blue.天空是藍色的。He works in a big company.他在一家大公司工作。（三）表示客觀現(xiàn)實、客觀真理、科學事實、格言等；如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。There are four seasons in a year.The sun always rises in the east.Walls have ears. 隔墻有耳。（四）表示將來。如：1.表

3、示按時間表擬定的或安排好的到了時間就會發(fā)生的事情或動作：The train arrives at 10:30 .There is still plenty of time. 火車10:30才會到達，還有足夠多的時間。She comes back next week .她下周就會回來的。2在時間狀語從句中和條件狀語從句中代替一般將來時.I will give you some candy when we meet next week.If he arrives ,please give me a phone call .二、一般現(xiàn)在時構(gòu)成：（一）含有be動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時；This is a re

4、d skirt. This is a T-shirt. It's redThese are trousers. They're black.The trousers and the T-shirt are nice.This is the way I read a book, on a Tuesday Morning小貼士：1. Be 動詞： 也就是： am is are 2. am 用在第一人稱：“ I ”后面；3. is的用法：（1） is 用在 he she it 等第三人稱單數(shù)的主語后面；（三單：“不是你，不是我，只有一個！”一般現(xiàn)在時時才變化）比如：He、 she、

5、it、 Li Ming 、Xiao Hong、this、that以及this、that修飾的部分后面等等，但是Li Ming and Xiao Hong這就不是第三人稱單數(shù)了，而是復數(shù)應該用： are（2）不可數(shù)的名詞做成分用到be動詞時也要用：is3. are 的用法：（1）第一人稱復數(shù)：we ；（2）第二人稱即：you(單數(shù)、復數(shù)的后面)；（3）第三人稱復數(shù)they后面、 以及 these ，those或these ，those修飾的部分等，表示復數(shù)的地方也就是說：記住am is應該用的地方就可以了，別的地方都是用的are。This is a dress. This is這是These a

6、re socks. These are這些是These are new shorts. This is a new dress. These are his shoes? This is her skirt. The trousers are nice.The trousers and the T-shirt are nice.（二）不含有be動詞，即含有實意動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時；這里只有一個需要記住的地方：就是第三人稱單數(shù)的后面，動詞要加“-s”或“-es”，別的地方就只用動詞原形就可以了。（三單：“不是你，不是我，只有一個！”一般現(xiàn)在時時才變化）舉例：I like the shirt and

7、the skirt.In the evening, I do my homework. In the evening, he does his homework. In the evening, she does her homework. In the evening, they do their homework. In the evening, Su Hai and Su Yang do their homework.In the evening, Su Yang do his homework.In the evening, the girls/ the boys do their h

8、omework. 二、一般現(xiàn)在時句子的變化：否定句、疑問句, 特殊疑問句，其中特殊疑問句放在后面介紹。否定句：簡單來說，就是表示否定的句子。一般疑問句：一般疑問句是疑問句的一種。它是只用yes（是）或no（否）來回答的句子。特殊疑問句：以特殊疑問詞開頭，對句中某一成分提問的句子叫特殊疑問句。常用的疑問詞有：what 、who 、whose 、which 、when 、where 、how 、why等。（一） 含有be動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時的變化（含有情態(tài)助動詞）。情態(tài)助動詞： can 1)否定句：主語+ be動詞（情態(tài)動詞） + not +其它。如：He is a worker. He is not

9、 a worker.I can show you. I cant show you .2)一般疑問句：將be動詞（情態(tài)動詞）提到句子前面即可，即：Be （情態(tài)動詞）+ 主語 + 其它。He is a worker. He is not a worker.Is he not a worker? Yes , he is. No , he isnt.I can show you. I cant show you .Can you show me ?Yes ,I can. No , I cant.I am a student . I am not a student .Are you a studen

10、t? 肯定回答：Yes， I am. / 否定回答：No, I'm not.These are my friends . They are not my friends.Are they your friends ?Yes , they are . No ,they arent.（二）含有實意動詞的句子1.否定句：主語+ don't( doesn't ) +壯語+動詞原形(+其它、時間或地點壯語)。這里需要記住幾點：（1） 主語“三單”時，要用助動詞doesn't；（2） 主語+ don't( doesn't)后面要加動詞原形，即：去掉三單時動詞

11、后面的（s或es）。當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。主語+doesn't/ I don't+動詞原形（動詞原來形狀）如：He doesn't often play.I don't like bread.2.一般疑問句：Do( Does ) +主語+壯語+動詞原形+其它。這里的“Do( Does )”只是為了幫助形成一般疑問句，沒有實際意思！這里需要注意幾點：（1） 當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does替換do構(gòu)成一般疑問句。（2） 主語三單時，句子中的動詞要變?yōu)閯釉~原形。如：- Do you often play football?

12、 肯定形式： Yes, I do. 否定形式： No, I don't.如：- Does she go to work by bike?肯定形式回答：Yes, she does. 否定回答： No, she doesn't.3.小貼士：（這里是平時我們注意積累的地方，可以把我們平時的積累、感悟記在這里?。?）“含有be動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時”這里句型的變化上邊已經(jīng)說過，但是并不局限于一般現(xiàn)在時！更為準確的表達是：含有be（am、is、 are、 was、 were）動詞的句子，將其提到句首，句末打上問號即可；（2）一般疑問句的回答，開頭往往是yes或no 。也就是說，只要能看出是一

13、般疑問句，那么它的回答開頭往往就是yes或no ；（3）如遇第一人稱，最好將其變成第二人稱；舉例：I am a teacher.否定句： I am not a teacher.一般疑問句：Are you a teacher?肯定回答：Yes ，I am . 否定回答：No ,Im not . My father is a teacher.否定句：My father is not a teacher. 一般疑問句：Is your father a teacher? 肯定回答：Yes ，he is . 否定回答：No ,he isnt（4）在一般疑問句和否定句中，要表達“一些”時 ，someany

14、；但是，如果這個問句是用來表達 “建議、請求、邀請”等交際功能時 ，而且希望聽到肯定回答時，應該用some.Is there any tea in the cup?Do you have any children?May I have some fish?Would you like some tea?Shall we buy some vegetables?Can I borrow some money from you?Why not have some bread?How about some orange juice?（三）特殊疑問句：構(gòu)成：疑問詞+一般疑問句，同時注意去掉劃線部分。如

15、：Where is my bike?How does your father go to work?I usually play football on Friday afternoon.When do you usually play football ? I usually play football on Friday afternoon.What do you usually do on Friday afternoon?Who is singing?Who often helps your mother?（四）一般現(xiàn)在時中,動詞+s的變化規(guī)則即：動詞三單的變化規(guī)律：（三單：“不是你，

16、不是我，只有一個！”一般現(xiàn)在時時才變化）動詞第三人稱單數(shù)詞尾變化有三種形式。1.一般動詞在詞尾加-s，-s在清輔音后讀s，在濁輔音或元音后讀z。如：helphelps knowknows getgets readreads2.以字母s，x，ch，sh或有些以字母o結(jié)尾的動詞加-es，guessguessesgAfixfixes teachteaches washwashes brush-brushes注意：gogoesEdodoes3.以字母y結(jié)尾的動詞，有兩種情形：1）以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動詞，先變y為i，再加-es，carrycarries，flyflies2）字母y前為元音字母，第三人稱

17、單數(shù)形式直接在動詞后面加-s。 playplays saysays舉例說明：1. They are my parents.他們是我的父母；否定句：They are not my parents. 他們不是我的父母。一般疑問句：Are they your parents ? 他們是你的父母嗎？肯定回答：Yes ，they are .否定回答：No ,they arent . 2. They are playing basketball over there.他們正在那邊玩足球；否定句：They are not playing basketball over there.一般疑問句：Are the

18、y playing basketball over there.肯定回答：Yes ,they are .否定回答：No ,they arent .3. The boy is drawing a picture now. 否定句：The boy is not drawing a picture now. 一般疑問句：Is the boy drawing a picture now. 肯定回答：Yes ,he is .否定回答： No ,he isnt.4. I am going to do my homework .否定句：I am not going to do my homework . 一

19、般疑問句：Are you going to do your homework ? 肯定回答：Yes ,I am . 否定回答： No , Im not .5. There is a bike behind the tree.否定句：There isn't a bike behind the tree.一般疑問句: Is there a bike behind the tree.Yes ,there is . No ,there isnt .6. There are some pencils in my pencil box.否定句：There are not any pencils i

20、n my pencil box.一般疑問句：Are there any pencils in your pencil box.肯定回答：Yes ,there are . 否定回答：No ,there arent .7. There are some fish in the water. (這里的fish是魚的意思是可數(shù)名詞所以用are ，只不過是名詞的單復數(shù)形式相同而已。)否定句：There are not any fish in the water.一般疑問句：Are there any fish in the water?肯定回答： Yes, there are . 否定回答： No, t

21、here aren't .8. There is some water on Mars. (英mz )火星否定句：There is not any water on Mars.一般疑問句:Is there any water on Mars? (這里的water是不可數(shù)名詞,所以用is .)肯定回答： Yes, there is.否定回答： No, there isn't.9. Jenny can speak Enlish? 珍妮會說英語。否定句：Jenny cant speak English? Can Jenny speak English??？隙ɑ卮穑篩es ,she c

22、an . /Yes , Jenny can .否定回答：No ,she cant ./No Jenny cant .10. I like English. He likes English. 否定句：I dont like English. He doesnt likes English.Do you like English? Does he like English? 肯定回答：Yes, I do. 否定回答： No, I dontYes, he does. No, he doesnt.11. I do my homework every day.這里的單詞do是行為、實意動詞是“做什么”

23、的意思。否定句：I dont my homework every day.一般疑問句：Do you do your homework every day.“你每天做作業(yè)嗎？”這里的前面的“Do”是助動詞，后邊的“do”是行為動詞，是干什么，做什么的意思。就像：“What do you usually do on sundays”Yes, I do . No, I dont .12. Li Ming usually waters the flowers every day.Li Ming doesn't usually water the flowers every day.Does L

24、i Ming usually water the flowers everyday ?Yes, he does . No, he doesnt .Li Ming usually waters the flowers every day. Where does Li Ming water the flowers ?Li Ming usually waters the flowers every day.What does Li Ming do everyday ?(將Ling Ming 換成：I、 We 、 They、 She、 He 、 Tom、Ling Mings mother、 Ling

25、Mings parents 、 Xiao Hong and Ling Ming逐一做一遍練習)13. Is this your cap, Danny? No! It's Kim's cap. 14. Are these your gloves? No. They're Li Tao's gloves. 15. Are these your gloves? Yes, they are. No, they aren't. 16. This is a dress. These are socks. Are these her shorts? Is this h

26、er dress? Yes, it is. No, it isn't. 17. These are new shorts. Are these her shorts? Yes, they are. No, they aren't. Are these his shorts? Yes, they are. No, they aren't. 18. Is this her dress? Yes, it is. No, it isn't. Is this his cap? Yes, it is. No, it isn't. Are these his shoes? Yes, they are. No, they aren't。Is this her skirt？ Yes, it is No, it isn't.Are these her trousers ? Yes, they are. No, they aren't.19. What is he/she wearing ? 他（她）穿著什么衣服？(1