GCT英語(yǔ)小班課2（728）

1、2015年在職碩士GCT英語(yǔ)考試 基礎(chǔ)階段 小班課（二）主謂一致Agreement知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：在英語(yǔ)的句子中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)與主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。多數(shù)情況下，根據(jù)句子的主語(yǔ)形式就能判定，但有的則要看整句的意思，及強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容。1、以單數(shù)名詞或代詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：1）The book is on the table.2）He is reading English.2、復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)跟復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。如：Children like to play toys.3、在倒裝句中，動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)和它后面的主語(yǔ)的數(shù)一致。如以here,there開頭，be 動(dòng)詞與后面第一個(gè)名詞

2、一致。如：1）There is a dog near the door.2）Here comes the bus.3）On the wall were two famous paintings.4、and連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如果主語(yǔ)后跟有with, together with, except, but, perhaps , like, including, as well as, no less than, more than, rather than等引起的短語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍與短語(yǔ)前的主語(yǔ)的形式保持一致。如：1）Jane, Mary and I are good f

3、riends.2）His sister, no less than you, is wrong.3）The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible for the accident.4）He, like you and Xiao Liu is very diligent.5）Every picture except these two has been sold.5、并列主語(yǔ)如果指的是同一個(gè)人、同一事物或同一概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，and后面的名詞沒有冠詞。如：1）The writer and worker is coming to o

4、ur school tomorrow.這位工人作家明天要來我們學(xué)校。2）Bread and butter is their daily food. 面包和黃油是他們每日的食品。3）The writer and the worker are coming to our school tomorrow.那位作家和那位工人明天將來我們學(xué)校。（兩個(gè)人）6、and連接的并列單數(shù)名詞前如有each, every, no, many a修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：1）Every boy and girl has been invited to the party.所有的孩子都被邀請(qǐng)參加這次聚會(huì)。2）N

5、o teacher and no student is absent today.今天沒有老師和學(xué)生缺席。3）Many a student is busy with their lessons.許許多多的學(xué)生都忙著復(fù)習(xí)他們的功課。7、each, either, one, another, the other, neither作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：1）Each takes a cup of tea.2）Either is correct.3）Neither of them likes this picture.8、由every, some, any, no構(gòu)成的合成代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)

6、動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：1）Is everyone here?2）Nothing is to be done. 沒有什么要干的事兒了。9、關(guān)系代詞who, that, which等在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。如：1）Those who want to go please sign their names here.2）Anyone who is against this opinion may speak out.3）He is one of the students who were praised at the meeting.10、表示時(shí)間、距離、價(jià)格、度量衡

7、等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞或短語(yǔ)作為一個(gè)整體看待時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)形式。如：1）Three years is not a long time.2）Ten dollars is what he needs.3）Five hundred miles is a long distance.11、復(fù)數(shù)形式的專有名詞作為整體看待（如人名、地點(diǎn)、國(guó)家、組織、書籍、報(bào)刊等），動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：1）The United States is in North America.2）The United Nations has passed a resolution(決議)。3）“The Arabian Nights”（天

8、方夜譚）is an interesting book.12、有些集體名詞如family, team, group, class, audience（聽眾，觀眾），government等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如看作是一個(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用單數(shù)形式；如強(qiáng)調(diào)各個(gè)成員時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：1）My family is going to have a long journey.我家要進(jìn)行一次長(zhǎng)途旅行。2）My family are fond of music. 我家人都喜歡音樂。3）The class has won the honour. 這班獲得了榮譽(yù)。4）The class were jumping

9、for joy. 全班同學(xué)都高興得跳了起來。13、all, more, most, some, any, none, half, the rest等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，既可表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，也可表示單數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。如：1）All of the apple is rotten. 整個(gè)蘋果都爛了。2）All of the apples are rotten. 所有的蘋果都爛了。3）Most of the wood was used to make furniture (家具)。14、the + 形容詞（或分詞）作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常指一類人，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如指的是抽象概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用單數(shù)形式

10、。如：1）The young are usually very active. 年輕人通常是很活躍的。2）The wounded are being taken good care of here now. 現(xiàn)在傷病員們?cè)谶@里受到了很好照顧。15、or, eitheror, neithernor, whetheror, not onlybut (also)連接的是主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與后一個(gè)主語(yǔ)一致。如：1）Either you or I am going to the movies.2）Not only you but also he is wrong.16、不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)

11、動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：1）Water is a kind of matter.2）The news at six oclock is true.17、集合名詞如：people, police ,cattle等作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：1）The police are searching for him.2）The cattle are grassing (吃草)。18、population當(dāng)人口講時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；當(dāng)人們講時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：1）The population of China is larger than that of Japan.2）One third of

12、the population here are workers.19、the number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)，是表示“的數(shù)字”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；a (large / great) number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示許多，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)；謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。1）The number of the students in our school is increasing year after year.2）A number of students have gone for an outing.20、means, politics, physics, plastics等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)

13、動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。1、Nothing but cars _ in the shop.Ais sold Bare sold Cwere sold Dare going to sell2、No one except Jack and Tom _ the answer.Aknow Bknows Cis knowing Dare known3、Seventy percent of the students in our school _ from the countryside.Ais Bare Ccomes Dare coming4、_of the money_ used up.AThree-five

14、, are BThree-fifths, have beenCThree-fifths, has been DThird-fifths, is5、The number of the people who _ cars_ increasing.Aowns, are Bowns, is Cown, is Down, are6、One of Marxs works _ written in English in the 1860s.Awas Bwere Cwould be Dare7、The sheets for your bed _ washing.Aneeds Bare needing Cwan

15、t Dare wanting8、On each side of the street _ a lot of trees.Astands Bgrow Cis standing Dare grown9、Some person _ calling for you at the gate.Aare Bis Cis being Dwill be10、All that can be eaten _ eaten up.Aare being Bhas been Chad been Dhave been11、Toms teacher and friend_ Mr. Smith.Aare Bis Care bei

16、ng Dhas12、Your new clothes fit you, but mine _ me.Adoesnt fit Bdont fit Cdoesnt fit for Ddont fit for13、Neither he nor I _ for the plan.Aam Bare Cis Dwere14、Many a student _ that mistake before.Ahas made Bhave made Chas been made Dhad made15、Peter, perhaps John, _ playing with the little dog.Ais Bar

17、e Cwere Dseems16、Laying eggs _ the ant queens full-time job.Ais Bare Chas Dhave17、Between the two buildings _ a monument.Astand Bstands Cstanding Dis standing18、I, who _ your good friend, will share your joys and sorrow.Aam Bis Care Dwas19、The United Nations_ in 1945.Awere found Bwere founded Cwas f

18、ounded Dwas found20、_ were also invited to the party.AMr Smith BThe Smith CThe Smiths DSmiths21、The glass works _ in 1959.Awere set up Bwas set up Cwere put up Dwere built22、Three hours with your girl friend _ to be a short time.Aseem Bseems Cis seeming Dhas seemed23、It was reported that six _ inclu

19、ding a boy.Awas killed Bwere killed Cwas killing Dhad killed24、The police _ a prisoner.Ais searching for Bare searching for Cis searching Dare searched for25、Deer_ faster than dogs.Arun Bruns Care running Dwill run26、The wounded _ good care of here now.Ais taken Bare being taken Care taking Dis taki

20、ng27、The whole class _ greatly moved at his words.Awas Bwere Chad Dis28、Over 80 percent of the population of China _ peasants.Awas Bis Care Dwill be29、There _ a knife and fork on the table.Aseems to be Bseem to be Cis seeming to be Dare30、Those who _ singing may join us.Aare liking Blikes Cenjoy Dis

21、 fond of31、His family _ music lovers.Aall are Bare all CIs Dare being32、A professor and a writer_ present at the meeting.Awas Bis Cwere Dhad been33、The pair of shoes _ worn out.Awas Bwere Chave been Dhad been34、The students in our school each _ an English dictionary.Ahave Bhas Chad Dare having35、Mor

22、e than one answer _ to the question.Ahave been given Bhas been given Cwere given Dhad given36、The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who _ from the countryside in our school.Aare Bis Cwere Dwas37、Our family _a happy one.Ais Bare Cwas Dwere38、Most of the mistakes _ because of c

23、arelessness.Awere made Bare made Chas been made Dwere making39、Most of his time _ in reading novels.Aare spent Bis spent Cwere spent Dwas spending40、The rest of the novel _ very interesting.Awere Bare Cis Dseem虛 擬 語(yǔ) 氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣分三種情況來掌握：1、虛擬條件句。2、名詞性虛擬語(yǔ)氣。3、虛擬語(yǔ)氣的其他用語(yǔ)。一、虛擬條件句：條件狀語(yǔ)從句是非真實(shí)情況，在這種情況下要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。1、條件從句

24、與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)不一致，其句型為：If 主語(yǔ)過去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)should（could, would, 或might）動(dòng)詞原形，如：If I were you, I would study hard.If it rained, I would not be here now.2、條件從句與過去事實(shí)不一致，句型為：If 主語(yǔ)had過去分詞，主語(yǔ)should（could, would, 或might）have過去分詞，如：If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have saved.If I had not studied hard, I would

25、have failed in the exam last term.3、條件從句與將來事實(shí)不一致，句型為： do，主語(yǔ)should（could） 原形 do 過去時(shí)（與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)條件句一樣）。If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes.If you missed the film to night, you would feel sorry.注意問題：1、If條件句中絕對(duì)不可出現(xiàn)“would”。2、根據(jù)句

26、中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)可能出現(xiàn)“混合虛擬”的情況，即主句可能是現(xiàn)在的情況，條件句也許是發(fā)生在過去的情況，但都是遵守上述句型。3、在條件句中如果出現(xiàn)were, had, should可省去if，將主語(yǔ)與這些詞倒裝，例如：Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved.Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.二、名詞性虛擬語(yǔ)氣：在表示命令、建議要求、驚嘆

27、時(shí)的名詞性從句中需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，基本句型：主語(yǔ)（should）動(dòng)詞原形，如：Mother insisted that John go to bed at 9 oclock.（賓語(yǔ)從句）We suggested that the meeting should not be held.It was required that the crops should be harvested at once.（主語(yǔ)從句）The suggestion that he be invited was rejected.（同位語(yǔ)從句）That is their demand that their wages be

28、increased.（表語(yǔ)從句）注意：在這種句子中絕不出現(xiàn)“would”“must”“could”等。三、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在一些特殊詞中的使用或含蓄條件句：1、wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句：與現(xiàn)在愿望不一致 主語(yǔ)過去時(shí)；與過去愿望不一致 主語(yǔ)had過去分詞；與未來愿望不一致 主語(yǔ)would（could）原形。I wish I were you.I wish I had visited the white House when I was in the states.I wish I met you tomorrow at the party.2、Its time句型：當(dāng)Its time后用that從句時(shí)應(yīng)該為

29、：主語(yǔ)should原形 或 主語(yǔ)過去時(shí)，例如：Its time that you went to school. 或Its time that you should go to school.3、If only引起的感嘆句相當(dāng)于“How I wish賓語(yǔ)從句”If only he could come! 他要能來就好了。If only I had known the answer! 我要早知答案就好了。4、would rather, as if（though）引導(dǎo)的句子也需使用虛擬，表示過去的情況用過去完成時(shí)，表示現(xiàn)在與將來的情況用過去時(shí)，如：Id rather you posted the

30、letter right away.Id rather you had returned the book yesterday.She loves the children as if they were hers.Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there.5、without, but, but for, otherwise引起的短語(yǔ)或句子常暗含著含蓄條件。Without you, I would never know him.But for your cooperation, we wouldnt have done the work so

31、 well.But that she was afraid, she would have said no.I would be most glad to help you, but I am busy now.I would have come to the party yesterday, but I was working.I am busy now, otherwise I would do you the favor!1、It is important that a college student _ a foreign language.Awill masterBmasterCma

32、stersDwould master2、It is strange that she_ without saying a word.Ashould have gone out BwentCshould go out Dgoes out3、If my lawyer_ here last Saturday, he_ me from going.Ahad been, would have preventedBhad been, would preventCwere, would preventDwere, would have prevent4、“He is a brave man.”“Yes, I

33、 wish I_ his courage.”Ahave Bhad Cwill have Dmay have5、If it_ rain, the crops would be saved.Ashould Bwill Cis going to Dwas to6、He ordered that the medicine_ by a special plane.Awas sent Bwould be sentCshould send Dbe sent7、If you_ the medicine, you_ better now.Atook, would feel Bhad taken, feltCha

34、d taken, would feel Dtook, would have felt8、She is my sister, but she often acts as if_ my mother.Ais Bwas Cwere Dhad been9、I went to bed early last night, but I wish I_ so.Adidnt do Bhadnt do Chavent done Dcouldnt do10、Id rather he_ tomorrow afternoon.Awill come Bcomes Ccoming Dcame倒裝句 英語(yǔ)的基本句型是主語(yǔ) +

35、 謂語(yǔ)。如果將主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)調(diào)換, 稱倒裝句。倒裝句分全倒裝句和半倒裝句。一、 全倒裝: 主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)交換位置不需任何助動(dòng)詞, 叫全倒裝。全倒裝有以下三種情況:1、當(dāng)here, there, out, in, up, down等副詞放在句首時(shí), 句子需全倒裝:There goes the bell! 鈴響了！There lived an old man.Here comes the bus.注意: 在這種情況下倒裝僅限于不及物動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞, 像go, come, mush等。主語(yǔ)如果是代詞時(shí)不需倒裝如Away he went. 他走遠(yuǎn)了。2、方位狀語(yǔ)在句首, 如:In front of the h

36、ouse stopped a police car.Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.Under the tree sat a boy.3、直接引語(yǔ)在句首, 這種情況可倒裝也可不倒裝"What does it mean?" asked the boy或the boy asked.二、半倒裝: 主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)的助動(dòng)詞交換位置稱半倒裝, 有以下數(shù)種情況:1. 義的詞在句首, 句子半倒裝, 例如: little, never, not, no, hardly, rarely, seldomNever

37、 shall I forget you.At no time was the man aware of what was happening.Little did I understand what he said to me at that time.2. 列連詞如not onlybut also, hardly when等連接兩個(gè)并列句, 連詞在句首, 前句半倒裝, 后句不倒裝: Not only was everything he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship was taken away. No soo

38、ner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started.注意: not onlybut also連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)不需倒裝, 如: Not only you but also I like playing chess.neithernor在句首時(shí), 前后兩句都需倒裝, Neither do I have a sister nor does my husband.3、only在句首強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ), 主句半倒裝:Only then did I realize that I was wrong.Only in this way can I learn from

39、 my fault.Only when the war was over in 1918, was he able to get back to work.注意: only強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)不倒裝:Only the teachers can use the room.4、sothat句型, so在句首時(shí), 主句倒裝, that從句不倒裝:So easy is it that a clild can learn it.So hard did he work that he finally won the fame.I saw the film, so did he.1、倒裝句（Inversion）英語(yǔ)的基

40、本語(yǔ)序是“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)”。如果將謂語(yǔ)的全部或一部分放在主語(yǔ)之前，這種語(yǔ)序稱為“倒裝”。一、倒裝的類型類型例 句說 明 完 全 倒 裝Out rushed the students to welcome the foreign friends.學(xué)生們涌出去歡迎外國(guó)朋友。整個(gè)謂語(yǔ)移至主語(yǔ)之前。 部 分 倒 裝Seldom does he go to school late.他上學(xué)很少遲到。只把系動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞或表語(yǔ)放在主語(yǔ)之前。二、倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)的基本用法重點(diǎn)1、由于語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的需要而使用的倒裝情 況例 句說 明疑問句中Have you got a dictionary?你有一本字典嗎？Where

41、did he go last Monday?上星期一他去什么地方了？Are you listening to the radio?你在聽廣播嗎？Who told you the news?誰(shuí)告訴你那個(gè)消息的？Which boy broke this glass?哪個(gè)男孩子把這個(gè)玻璃打破了？用完全或部分倒裝，但以疑問詞或疑問詞修飾的名詞作主語(yǔ)的疑問句要用正常語(yǔ)序?！皌here be”結(jié)構(gòu)中There are three wells in our village.我們村里有三口水井。There stands a big paper making factory by the river.河邊有座大

42、型造紙廠。在以here, there, now, then, in, away, up down等副詞開頭的句子中Here is a letter for you.這兒有你一封信。There goes the bell. 鈴響了。Now comes your turn to play.現(xiàn)在輪到你玩了。Away went the crowd one by one .人們一個(gè)一個(gè)地離去。Look, there he comes! 看，他來了。Down she went 她下來了。使用完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。但如果主語(yǔ)是代詞則用正常語(yǔ)序。在以neither nor 或no more開頭的句子中I cant s

43、wim, nor (neither)can she .我不會(huì)游泳，她也不會(huì)。He hasnt been to the countryside, neither does he want to go there.他沒有去過農(nóng)村，他也不想去那里。He did not turn up. No more did his wife. 他沒有來，他妻子也沒有來。表示也不這樣， neither和nor意思相同，可以替換使用，no more表示動(dòng)作的程度并不比前面提到的稍強(qiáng)。意為也不。用在as（盡管）引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中Proud as the nobles are ,he is afraid to see

44、me .盡管這些貴族很傲慢，他卻害怕見我。Young as he is, he knows a lot .雖然他年輕，卻知道很多東西。從屬連句as用于特殊語(yǔ)序，含義與though, although相同，但“as”這種結(jié)構(gòu)可表示非常強(qiáng)烈的對(duì)照，必須用倒裝（表語(yǔ)提前）2、為了加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣而使用的倒裝。（使句子更加流暢，更加生動(dòng)）情 況例 句說 明含有否定意義的副詞或連詞放在句首時(shí)Never before have we seen such a sight.以前我們從來沒有見過這樣的情景。Little did I think that he could be back alive.我沒有想到他竟能活著

45、回來。Not until New Years Day shall I give you a gift.我要到元旦那天才能給你禮物。Not only was everything that he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship.不僅他所有的一切被沒收了，而且連他的德國(guó)公民權(quán)也被剝奪了。常用否定詞有： never,not,hardly,scarcely seldom, little, not until, not onlybut also, no sooner than, hardly (scarcely)when等

46、。一般主句用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。副詞only放在句首時(shí)Only then did he realize his mistakes .只有在那時(shí)，他才認(rèn)識(shí)到自己的錯(cuò)誤。Only in this way can you learn maths well .只有用這種方法，你才能學(xué)好數(shù)學(xué)。Only Mother can understand me .只有母親最理解我。Only three of us failed in the exam.我們中只有三個(gè)人考試不及格。only 起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，其句型為“only +狀語(yǔ)+部分倒裝”。如置于句首的only修飾主語(yǔ)，則不用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件從句中Were the

47、y here, they would help us .他們要是在這兒，他們會(huì)幫助我們的。Had I been informed earlier. I could have done something.我要是早得到通知，我就能干事了。Should you fail, take more pain and try again.萬(wàn)一你失敗了，就要更加刻苦，重新再干。 把從句中if省略將were，had或should放在主語(yǔ)的前面。直接引語(yǔ)的全部或一部分放在句首時(shí)“He is a clever boy”said the teacher.老師說：“他是個(gè)聰明的孩子?！薄癎o, Dick, go!”c

48、ried Tom,“Go home and get help”“走，狄克，走！”湯姆呼喊著，“快回家去求援”“What do you think of the film? ”he asked.他問“你認(rèn)為這部電影怎么樣？”“Im leaving for Hongkong next month”Mary told me yesterday.瑪利告訴我“我下月要去香港”。主句主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)次序顛倒，用完全倒裝。但如果主句主語(yǔ)為代詞時(shí)或謂語(yǔ)部分比主語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)，一般不用倒裝。表示祝愿的句子中May you succeed! 祝你成功。Long live the Communist Party of China.

49、中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨萬(wàn)歲！謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或謂語(yǔ)的一部分放在主語(yǔ)的前面。副詞so在句首He is interested in pop-songs, and so am I .他對(duì)流行歌曲感興趣，我也如此。They will learn chemistry next term, so will I .他們下學(xué)期學(xué)化學(xué)，我也學(xué)。I can drive a car, so can my younger brother.我會(huì)開汽車，我弟弟也會(huì)開車。表示前面所說的情況也適合于另一個(gè)人或另一事物的肯定句中。Tom won the first prize for the English competition.So he d

50、id.英語(yǔ)競(jìng)賽湯姆獲得了一等獎(jiǎng)。確實(shí)如此。It was cold yesterday. So it was .昨天天氣冷。的確冷。如果后面的句子只是單純重復(fù)前句的意思，不表示也適用于另一人或事，則不用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。在頻度狀語(yǔ)often, always, many a time等開頭的句子中Often did we warn them not to do so.我們?cè)啻尉嫠麄儾灰@樣做。Many a time has she helped me with my English.她不止一次地幫助或?qū)W習(xí)英語(yǔ)。在方式狀語(yǔ)thus開頭的句子中及程度狀語(yǔ)so放句首Thus ended his life.這

51、樣結(jié)束了他的生命。So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him .他講話的聲音那樣大，連隔壁屋子里的人都聽得見。介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，放在句首In the middle of the room stood a little girl.在房間中央站著一個(gè)小女孩。In the distance was a horse.馬在遠(yuǎn)處。在強(qiáng)調(diào)表語(yǔ)的句子中Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements.阿爾伯特·曼因斯坦就是這樣一個(gè)人

52、，一個(gè)純樸而又取得巨大成就的人。Such is life. 生活就是這樣。Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.附近有兩只他們來這個(gè)島乘坐的獨(dú)木船。表語(yǔ)提前，不僅為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，而且為了使句子結(jié)構(gòu)達(dá)到平衡協(xié)調(diào)，或使上下文緊密銜接。1、 that we all went out, lying in the sun.AThe weather so fine was BSo fine was the weatherCSo the weather was fine DSo was fine weather2、Under his

53、 arm a pair of shoes which he had bought from the shop a few days before.Ais Bare Cwas Dwere 3、 who had arrested him three times for carrying drugs.ABefore George stood the policemanBBefore George the policeman stoodCBefore the policeman stood GeorgeDBefore George did the policeman4、Then we had been looking forward to .Acame the hour Bthe hour cameCcomes the hour Dthe hour is coming5、Only when he started to explain the reason for this.Ashe reali