If引導(dǎo)的兩種從句賓語從句和條件狀語從句

1、重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)1 .含有if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句中主從句的時態(tài).2 . If引導(dǎo)的賓語從句與條件狀語從句的區(qū)別.考情分析通常在單項(xiàng)選擇、完形填空或補(bǔ)全、完成句子等題型中考查,分值約3 4分.知能提升(一)知識講解【認(rèn)知講解】I. if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句if引導(dǎo)賓語從句時,意思為：是否,從句的時態(tài)通常要和主句保持一致.【例句】I want to know if he lives there.我想知道他是否住在那兒.He asked me if I could help him.他問我是否能幫他.【考查點(diǎn)】if、whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句的區(qū)別1. if或whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句時,作"

2、;是否"講,常放在動詞ask、see、say、know和find out等后面.一般情況下,兩者?？蓳Q用,在口語中多用 if.【例句】Nobody knows whether / if it will rain tomorrow.沒有人知道明天是否下雨.Lucy asked whether / if they had a cotton sweater.露西問他們是否有棉制的毛衣.2. if或whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句時,要注意三個方面,即連詞、語序和時態(tài).if或whether既不能和that或其他連詞(副詞)同時使用,也不能省略.【例句】我不知道他今天是否會來.誤I don '

3、; t know that if(whether) he will come here today.正I don ' t know if(whether) he will come here today.他走過來看看貓是否出了毛病.誤He came to see what if (whether) there was anything wrong with his cat .正He came to see if (whether) there was anything wrong with his cat .if或whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句時,雖具有疑問的意義,但其從句應(yīng)用陳述句的語序

4、.【例句】Did you know the way to the hospital? The old woman asked me.The old woman asked me if / whether I knew the way to the hospital.老婦人問我是否知道去醫(yī)院的路.if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句應(yīng)和主句的時態(tài)保持一致.即主句為一般現(xiàn)在時,從句用任一種時態(tài)； 主句為一般過去時,從句那么用過去時中的任一種時態(tài).【例句】I don ' t know if (whether) he has come here.我不知道他是否來過這兒.Tom asked if

5、(whether) I had read the book.湯姆問我是否看過這本書.3. 只能用whether的情況在動詞不定式之前只能用whether:【例句】I can ' t decide whether to stay.我不能決定是否留下.在whether - or not的固定搭配中：【例句】I want to know whether it' s good news or not.我想知道它是不是好消息.在介詞后,只能用 whether ：【例句】His father is worried about whether he loses his work.他的父親擔(dān)憂

6、他是否會失去工作.用if會引起歧義時：【例句】Could you tell me if you know the answer?這句話有兩種意思：“你能告訴我你是否知道答案嗎？ 或“如果你知道答案,請告訴我,好嗎？ .如用whether那么可防止歧義.【考題鏈接】I don ' t know they could pass the exam or not.A. whyB. if C. that D. whether答案：D解題思路：此題考查if與whether的區(qū)別,在 whether -or not的固定搭配中通常只用 whetherII. if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句1 .含義條件狀語從

7、句是在復(fù)合句中作條件狀語的句子.表示假設(shè)有從句的動作發(fā)生就會有主句的動作發(fā)生,條件狀語從句常由附屬連詞if引導(dǎo).【例句】You will catch the bus if you get up early.如果你早起的話,就能趕上公共汽車.2 .類別主祈從現(xiàn)：主句是祈使句,從句是由if引導(dǎo)的使用一般現(xiàn)在時的句子.【例句】If you want to go, please tell me. 如果你想去,請告訴我.Print the photo if you like it.如果你喜歡這照片就把它打印出來.主將從現(xiàn)：指if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句用 一般現(xiàn)在時,主句用一般將來時.【例句】If it do

8、esn't rain tomorrow, we 'll go to the Great Wall.如果明天不下雨,我們就會去長城.If you don't get up early, you will be late for school.如果你不早點(diǎn)起床,你上學(xué)就會遲到.3 . if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句用法：(1)位置if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句,既可放在主句之前也可放在主句之后.當(dāng)從句置于主句之前時,常用逗號 與主句隔開.【例句】You will catch the bus if you get up early.=If you get up early, you will

9、 catch the bus.如果你早起的話,就能趕上公共汽車.(2)時態(tài)應(yīng)遵循主、從句時態(tài)照應(yīng)的原那么.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(包含祈使句和含情態(tài)動詞can, may, must等的句子),從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時.【例句】You must see the doctor if you are ill.如果你生病了,你必須去看醫(yī)生.If you want to go skating, wear warm clothes.如果你想去溜冰,穿上暖和的衣服.如果主句是一般將來時,從句必須用一般現(xiàn)在時.【例句】You will be late for school if you get up late.如果你起

10、晚了,你上學(xué)將遲到.If it rains tomorrow, we won' t go to the Great Wall.如果明天下雨,我們就不去長城了.(3)在if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中,當(dāng)主句是一般將來時時,不能使用be going to結(jié)構(gòu),而要用will【例句】I ' ll help you with your English if I am free tomorrow.如果明天我有空,我會幫助你學(xué)英語.(4)在if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中不能使用some,而要用any.【例句】If you have any questions to ask, please come t

11、o my office.如果你有問題要問的話,請到我辦公室來.(5)同義句轉(zhuǎn)換if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句可轉(zhuǎn)換成簡單句,其方法如下：*借助"祈使句+and/ or+簡單句結(jié)構(gòu).其中and表示句意順承,or表示句意轉(zhuǎn)折.【例句】If you work hard, you ' ll pass the exam.=Work hard, and you ll pass the exam.如果你努力學(xué)習(xí),你就會通過測試.If you don ' t hurry up, you ' ll be late.= Hurry up, or you ll be late.如果你不快點(diǎn)

12、,你將會遲到.*借助介詞with或without來轉(zhuǎn)換.【例句】If you help me, I ' ll finish my job soon.=With your help, I ll finish my job soon.如果你幫我,我將很快完成我的工作.If there is no water, fish may die.=Fish may die without water.如果沒有水,魚可能會死.另外,if從句還表示不可實(shí)現(xiàn)的條件或根本不可能存在的條件,即一種虛擬的條件或假設(shè).從句多 用一般過去時或過去完成時,表示對現(xiàn)在或過去的一種假設(shè).【例句】If I were you

13、 , I would invite him to the party如果我是你,我會邀請他參加聚會.I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic要不是交通堵塞,我會來得更早一些.4 . 口訣：if條件句不一般,幾個要點(diǎn)記心間；條件句,放在前,逗號要放句中間.條件句表可能,主句多用將來時；條件句表事實(shí),主句常用現(xiàn)在時.III. If引導(dǎo)的賓語從句和條件狀語從句的區(qū)別if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句時意為“如果,引導(dǎo)賓語從句時意為“是否,可用whether替換.【例句】1) We will go out if

14、 it is fine tomorrow.如果明天天好,我們就出去.2) I don ' t know the train has arrived.我不知道火車 是否已經(jīng)到達(dá).句1)中if引導(dǎo)的是狀語從句.這個從句表示“條件.句2)中if引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句,充當(dāng)謂語動詞don' t know的賓語.【考題鏈接】I don ' t know he will come tomorrow.he comes, I tell you .' llA. if; WhetherB. whether; WhetherC. if; ThatD. if; If答案：D解題思路：第一個空

15、處為賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞,用 if、whether都可以；第二個空為條件狀語從句的引 導(dǎo)詞,需用if,綜合考慮,D項(xiàng)正確.(二)提分技巧1 .熟練掌握if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句與條件狀語從句的特點(diǎn).2 .熟知if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句與條件狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞的區(qū)別.(三)即學(xué)即練I.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys.(改為賓語從句)He asked the boys they fried chicken.2. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don' know.(改為賓語從句)I don know th

16、e watch made in Shanghai.3. " D%ou want to try something new?" Tom' smother asked him.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 )Tom' s mother asked him to try something new.答案：1. if / whether, wanted 2. if / whether, was 3. if / whether he wantedII .用括號中所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. If it(not rain)tomorrow,(let) us go shopping.2.

17、Please(tell)me if you(go).3. If you(be)ill, you(have)to see the doctor.4. I(leave)for Beijing if it(not snow) this afternoon.答案：1. doesn't rain, let 2. tell, go 3. are, have 4. will leave, doesn 't snowIII .將以下句子譯成英語.1 .如果明天不下雨,我就和同學(xué)們?nèi)ヒ安?2 .3 .如果你想減肥(lose weight),就鍛煉身體吧.4 .如果冬天來了,春天還會遠(yuǎn)嗎？ .5

18、.如果可能的話,我就去火車站接你.答案：1. If it doesn ' t rain tomoiwOWh ave a picnic with my classmates.2. I will go shopping on Sunday if you do.3. Take some exercise if you want to lose weight.4. If winter comes, can spring be far behind?5. If (it is) possible, I' ll meet you at the train station.下學(xué)期期中復(fù)習(xí)(一)

19、一、預(yù)習(xí)新知Module 1-Module 5重點(diǎn)根底知識1、預(yù)習(xí)點(diǎn)撥思考問題一：能否先把這 5個模塊的重點(diǎn)單詞、短語、語法整理一下？思考問題二：我們已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了哪些語法？哪些還是你比擬薄弱的？ML1fli I可歹MS (做題時間：45分鐘)、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空.1. If you(feel) tired, you(have) to have a rest.2. Where he(see) the film if he(have) time?3. If there(be) fewer trees, there(be) more pollution.4. He(dress) more cas

20、ually if he(not work) on weekends.5. If Marcia(live) alone, she(keep) a pet parrot.6. Lana(buy) a new dress if the old one(be) out of style.7. The twins(fight) if they(argue).8. I(have) a bake sale if I(need) money for education.9. Peter(send) me a beautiful souvenir if he(tour) Spain.10. If Mr Gree

21、n(say) I am hard- working, my parents(feel) glad.(go) to the beach if it(not rain) this week.12. they(have) a match if the . teacher(be) busy?13. He(write) a letter to his grandparents if he(get) his report card this week.14. If she(get) up late, she(not catch) the early bus.15. Peter(major) in Engl

22、ish if he(pass) the exams in Peking University.、完成句子(每空一詞).1 .如果你要過馬路,不要亂跑.around if you cross the road.2 .明天如果下雨的話,我們將呆在家里.We at home if it tomorrow.3 .如果你能說好英語的話,你就可以容易地與外國人交談.If you can English well, you foreigners easily.4 .如果你對別人好,人們也會對你好.If you ' re nice to people, they to you, too.5 .如果學(xué)生

23、不對測試如此擔(dān)憂的話,他們會更開心的.If students don ' t worry about exams so much, they.6 .他如果電視看太多了,他的父母會不快樂.If he TV too much, his parents unhappy.7 .如果我們?yōu)樗M織生日聚會,大家都會來的.Everyone if we a birthday party him.8 .如果明天不下雨,我會和你一起去公園的.If it tomorrow, I go to the park you.9 .如果他有空,他會幫助你的.If he, he you.10 .如果Tom測試不及格,他

24、就沒有時機(jī)上高中了.Tom have the to go to the senior high school if he the exams.三、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換.1. Study hard, or you won ' t pass the exam.If you study hard, you the exam.2. Take a taxi, and you ll catch the train. you a ta xi, you ' ll catch the train.3. If you go to bed early, you won' t feel tired in

25、 the morning.early,you won' t feel tired in the morning.4. If you don ' t work hard, your teacher will probably be angry. ,your teacher will probably be angry.5. Breathe deeply for one minute, and you' ll feel relaxed.you deeply for one minute, you relaxed.四、閱讀下面的廣告,然后用“if., .will. 的句式答復(fù)

26、以下問題.Travel BrochureCheap Cheap Cheap. Beijing for the weekend. 3D/2N. Book Now.Five Star Hotel Save 50%Four Star Hotel Save 40%Three Star Hotel Save 30%Book before December 31st. Breakfast Included.City Tour 50RMB. Visit the Great Wall 100 RMB.1. How much will you save if you stay at the Four Star

27、Hotel?2. How much will you save if you stay at the Three Star Hotel?3. What will happen if you book after December 31st?4. How much will you have to pay if you want to go on the City Tour?5. How much will you have to pay if you want to visit the Great Wall?五、單項(xiàng)選擇1. If you to the party, youll have a

28、great time.A. will goB. wentC. go2. It will be a long time Peter his work.D. goingD. before, finishesA. since, has finished B. after, finishes C. when, will finishC. carryD. make3. What will fatherA. takeus from Japan?B. bring4. Weifang is famouskites.A. forB. toC. onD. with5. IA. can tell, will ask

29、B. will tell, will askC. would tell, askD. will tell, asksher the answer if she me.6. What are you going to do tomorrow?Wd ll go to the library tomorrow if it .A. isn t rainB. rainC. won ' t rainD. doesn t rainll tell you.C. comeD.may come's home visit?C. goingD.will goC. too muchD.much too7

30、. Do you know when he will come back tomorrow?Sorry, I don ' t know. When he back, IA. comesB. will come8. What will you do if you to the old folkA. goB. went9. If I eat food, I'll be very fat.A. too manyB. many too10. I ' ivegthe book to him if he here next Sunday.D. cameD. hasA. will c

31、omeB. comesC. is coming11. There an English film in our school tomorrow.A. is going to haveB. will haveC. is going to be12. Could you tell us where ?A. will the next Olympic Games heldB. the next Olympic Games will be heldC. would the next Olympic Games be heldD. the next Olympic Games would be heldC. was readingC. are, doing13. When my mother returned last night, I a book.D. am going to readD. did, doD. comeA. readB. am reading14. What you when it began to rain?A.