成都信息工程大學科技英語翻譯課后習題答案

1、"Science and Technology in Traditional China" on pages 25-26.Translate following terms into English.印刷術(shù) printing火藥 gunpowder指南針 compass/magnetism中國的社會結(jié)構(gòu) structure of Chinese society雕版印刷 block printing 佛經(jīng) Buddhist text儒家經(jīng)典著作 Classical Books of Confucius活字印刷 moveable type磁力羅盤 magnetic compas

2、s指南勺 south-controlling spoon磁偏角 magnetic declination磁的二極性（磁極性） magnetic polarity.Translate sentences 1, 2, 5 in exerciseinto Chinese.1、Until relativeiy recently the general belief in the West was that the science and technology which had existed in traditional China was of relatively little importan

3、ce compared with that of Europe. Tr: 直到不久以前，西方普遍認為，與歐洲相比，古代中國的科學技術(shù)微不足道。2、These three discoveriesprinting,gunpowder and magnetismwere all made much earlier in China than in Europe but, unlike in Europe, these discoveries were not followed by major changes in the structure of Chinese society. Tr: 印刷術(shù)、

4、火藥、指南針這三大發(fā)明都先出現(xiàn)在中國，大大早于歐洲。但這三大發(fā)明并沒有隨之引起中國社會結(jié)構(gòu)的重大改變，這與歐洲不同。5、It seems likely that these magnetic compasses were used in navigation as early as the 10th century,and there is some evidece that the Chinese knew of magnetic declinationthe fact that compasses do not point exactly NorthSouth and that the d

5、ifference varies with timebefore Europeans knew of magnetic.Tr: 看來，中國人很可能早在10世紀就將磁羅盤用于航海。有證據(jù)表明，早在歐洲人了解磁極性之前，中國人就懂得了磁偏角，即羅盤并不指向正南方和正北方，而且磁偏角會隨時間而變。.Translate following sentences into English.1、400年后，古騰堡于1456年用活字印刷術(shù)印刷了他的拉丁文圣經(jīng)，活字印刷才在歐洲出現(xiàn)。Tr: Moveable type was not introduced in Europe until 400 years la

6、ter, when Gutenberg printed his Latin Bible in 1456.2、勺子是由天然磁石雕刻而成的。把它置于高度刨光的青銅板上時，它會一直轉(zhuǎn)動，直到指向南方。Tr: The spoon itself was carved from lodestone and, when placed on a highly polished bronze plate, always rotated until it pointed south."History of Biology" on pages 89-91.Translate following

7、terms into English.生物學家 biologist文藝復興 the Renaissance顯微鏡 microscope放大鏡 magnifying lenses顯微鏡學家 microscopist通稱 general name屬名 the name of genus or group種名 specific name物種名稱或品種名稱 the name of the species, or kind對科學做出貢獻 make contributions to science.Translate sentences 1, 2, 4, 5 in exerciseinto Chinese

8、.1、Contributions to the development of biology have come from all over the world.Three groups of biologists,working in the years since the Renaissance,will be studied here.Tr: 世界各地為生物學的發(fā)展都做出了種種貢獻。本文將研究文藝復興以來的三類生物學家。2、By looking through the lenses,van Leeuwenhoek realized that there was a whole world

9、 filled with microscopic living things.Tr: 通過放大鏡，范·拉烏文胡克認識到，整個世界都充滿了微生物。4、When he returned to England, Darwin wrote a book called Origin of Species, which was about evolution.His theory of evolution was developed as a result of his observations during his trip on the Beagle.Tr: 回到英格蘭后,達爾文寫了一本關(guān)于

10、進化的書,名為物種起源。他的進化論就是基于隨“小獵兔犬”號旅行期間的考察結(jié)果而成的。5、Van Leeuwenhoek, Linnaeus, and Darwin are three very important men in the history of biol-ogy. Each is one of a group of people who made a

11、60;significant contribution to science. These three men have made important contributions to science, but they are only a few of the important people in the history of

12、60;biology.Tr: 范·拉烏文胡克、林奈烏斯和達爾文三人在生物學史上舉足輕重。每一位都代表了一類為科學做出重大貢獻的生物學家。他們?nèi)硕紴榭茖W做出了重大貢獻，但他們僅僅是生物學史上重要人物中的幾位而已。.Translate following sentences into English.1. 本文研究的第一類生物學家是17世紀的顯微鏡學家。他們也是最早的生物學家。Tr: The first group of biologists, and the earliest group to be studied here, are the microscopists of the

13、 17th century. (p 89-902. 林奈烏斯的分類法沿用至今，有時稱為雙名法。Tr: Linnaeuss system, which is still used today, is sometimes referred to as a system of binomial nomenclature."The Scientific Exploration of Space" on pages 144-145.Translate following terms into English.火箭運載工具 rocket vehicle人造衛(wèi)星 artificial s

14、atelliteX射線 X-ray無線電波 radio wave深空探測器 deep space probe月球探測器 lunar probe探空火箭 sounding rocket橢圓軌道 elliptical path紫外線 ultra-violet light紅外線 infrared ray.Translate sentences 1, 3, 5, 6, 7 in exercise into Chinese.1、Since the War, and particularly during the last few years, a rapidly growing amount of ef

15、fort has been devoted to the use of high-power rockets to carry instruments up to great heights above the Earth ,to lanuch artificial satellites and deep space probes.Tr: 二戰(zhàn)以來，特別是近年來，人類頻頻使用大功率火箭，以將各種儀器送入遠離地球的高空、發(fā)射人造衛(wèi)星、發(fā)射深空探測器。3、When they will record,we do not knowif we did, it would not be worth goi

16、ng to all this troublebut there is scope here for astronomical studies for generations to come.Tr: 我們不知道這些儀器會記錄下什么。如果知道，也就不值得這么大費周章了。但這個天文學領(lǐng)域還有待未來數(shù)代人進行研究。5、If the satellite orbit is very elongated,so that it passes out to distsances several times the earths radius(4,000 miles, we have a deep space p

17、robe.Tr: 如果衛(wèi)星軌道特別長，長度數(shù)倍于地球半徑（4000英里），這就是（第三種運載工具）深空探測器。6、The avaiIabiIity of artificiaI sateIIites does not make verticaI sounding rockets obsoIete and this is even more true of deep space and Iunar probes in reIation to artificiaI sateIIites.Tr: 垂直探空火箭并沒有因人造衛(wèi)星的出現(xiàn)而過時。人造衛(wèi)星更沒有因深空探測器、月球探測器的出現(xiàn)而過時。7、Nor

18、is he concerned with putting men in the vehicle, for the instruments can be made to operate automatically and to send back their readings to eartheven over distances of millions of milesas coded radio signals.Tr: 科學家也不關(guān)心這些運載工具能否載人。因為可以制造自動運行的儀器，哪怕遠隔數(shù)百萬英里，它們也能以編碼無線電信號的方式，把采集的數(shù)據(jù)傳回地球。.Translate following sentences into English.1、主要原因之一就是大氣層?？偟膩碚f，大氣層