英語四級完形填空解析

1、英語四級完形填空解析From childhood to old age，we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us.When humans first 1，they were like newborn children ，unable to use this 2tool.Yet once language developed，the possibilities for human kinds future 3and cultural growth i

2、ncreased.Many linguists believe that evolution is 4for our ability to produce and use language.They 5that our highly evolved brain provides us 6an innate language ability not found in lower7.Proponents of this innateness theory say that our 8for language is inborn ，but that language itself develops

3、gradually ，9 a function of the growth of the brain during childhood.Therefore there are critical 10times for language development.Current 11of innateness theory are mixed，however ，evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable.12，more and more schools are discovering that f

4、oreign languages are best taught in 13grades.Young children often can learn several languages by being 14to them，while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the 15of their first language have become firmly fixed.16 some aspects of language are undeniably innate ，language does

5、 not develop automatically in a vacuum.Children who have been 17from other human beings do not possess language.This demonstrates that 18with other human beings isnecessary for proper language development.Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language 19than any innate capacit

6、ies.These theorists view language as imitative ，learned behavior.20，children learn language from their parents by imitating them.Parents gradually shape their childs language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.12.A.In a word B.In a sense C.I

7、ndeed D.In other words13.A.various B.different C.the higher D.the lower20.A.As a result B.After allC.In other words D.Above all此處意為：當(dāng)人類剛剛開始進(jìn)化，他們?nèi)缤律鷥阂粯硬粫\(yùn)用語言這種工具。evolved 逐漸發(fā)展，進(jìn)化符合題意。generated 生殖，發(fā)展；born （bear 的過去分詞）不能作謂語動詞；originated 起源，不能用first 修飾。根據(jù)語法分析，答案應(yīng)用來修飾語言的。valuable 珍貴的；appropriate 合適的，適當(dāng)?shù)模?/p>

8、convenient 方便的，便利的；favorite 最喜歡的。語言并不是人類選擇的結(jié)果，而是人類在進(jìn)化過程中慢慢發(fā)展起來的，對人類來說，應(yīng)當(dāng)是珍貴的。此處意思是：語言的發(fā)展增加了人類未來的成就和文化進(jìn)步的可能性。attainments 成就；feasibility 可行性；entertainments 娛樂；evolution 進(jìn)化。此處意為：許多語言學(xué)家認(rèn)為進(jìn)化使人們產(chǎn)生和具備了語言的能力。固定短語be responsible for對負(fù)責(zé)，是的原由。其它選項(xiàng)不與for 搭配。根據(jù)語法分析，空格后應(yīng)是一個(gè)賓語從句，而A ，B ，D 三項(xiàng)后都不能接從句做直接賓語。confirm （確認(rèn)）+

9、名詞；inform （通知）sb.of sth.；convince （使某人確信）sb.of sth.固定搭配provide sb.with sth.意為“向（人）提供（物）”此處意為：我們高度發(fā)達(dá)的大腦是我們具備了其它低等動物所不具備的語言能力。顯然，這里是把人和低等動物相比較。因此選organisms 有機(jī)體，生物體。此句意思是：人類的語言能力是與生俱來的，但語言本身也在逐漸發(fā)展，所以這種能力應(yīng)該是潛在的。potential 潛力；performance 履行；preference 偏愛；passion 激情。此句句義是：語言本身作為童年時(shí)期大腦生長的一種功能，其發(fā)展是緩慢的。as （作為

10、，當(dāng)作）合乎題意。Like 作為介詞的意思是“像一樣”。此句意為：語言的發(fā)展有一個(gè)關(guān)鍵期，人體的成長是生物變化的過程。biological 生物的；ideological 思想上的；social 社會的；psychological 心理的。此處意為：目前人們對“先天論”評論觀點(diǎn)不一，但是支持某些天生能力的證據(jù)卻是確鑿無疑的。reviews 評論；reference 參考；reaction 反應(yīng)；recommendation 推薦。從11題可看出，作者是傾向于先天論的，為了進(jìn)一步證明先天論是有道理的，作者選擇了以學(xué)校為例加以說明，因此這里應(yīng)填一個(gè)表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的詞Indeed （甚至）。此處意思是

11、：越來越多的學(xué)校發(fā)現(xiàn)在什么年級學(xué)外語較容易，根據(jù)常識（低年級學(xué)外語較容易）以及后文的Young children often can learn several languages by being 14to them，while adults可以選定答案。此處意為：通過接觸多種語言，孩子們可以學(xué)會好幾種語言。be exposed to是固定搭配，接觸到。reveal （顯露）sth.to sb ，不合題意，因本題中的them 指languages. 其余選項(xiàng)不與to 搭配。engage in從事；be involved in參與。此句意思是：一旦母語的規(guī)則被深深印入腦海中，成年人就很難再學(xué)好

12、另一種語言。rules規(guī)則，規(guī)律；regulations 規(guī)定；formations 構(gòu)成，構(gòu)造；constitutions 憲法，章程。分析上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，從句意思是：語言的某些方面肯定是先天的。主句意思是：語言不會在與人隔絕的狀況下自行發(fā)展。前后應(yīng)為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。此句意為：與人隔絕的兒童不能掌握好一門語言。isolated 孤立的，與人隔絕的；distinguished 區(qū)別的，杰出的；different 不同的；protected 受到保護(hù)的。此句總結(jié)前幾句，意為：必須通過與他人交往，語言才能夠發(fā)展。interaction 相互作用；exposition 暴露；comparison 比較；

13、contrast 對比。根據(jù)分析，本句中的“this ”和“even more basic ”分別指代上句的“interaction with other human beings ”和“necessary ”，此處所填詞對應(yīng)上文中的language development. 也就是說，language acquisition語言習(xí)得。appreciation 欣賞，感激；requirement 要求；alternative 轉(zhuǎn)移，轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)換。本句功能是以另一種方式解釋前文中的“imitative ，learned behavior.（模仿性的后天行為）”。In other words換言之，

14、換句話說；As a result結(jié)果是；After all畢竟；Above all首先。The term e-commerce refers to all commercial transactions conducted over the Internet， including transactions by consumers and business-to-business transactions. Conceptually ， e-commerce does not 1 from well-known commercial offerings such as banking by p

15、hone， mail order catalogs， or sending a purchase order to supplier 2 fax. E-commerce follows the same model 3 in other business transactions； the difference 4 in the details.To a consumer ， the most visible form of e-commerce consists 5 online ordering. A customer begins with a catalog of possible i

16、tems ， 6 an item ， arranges a form of payment ， and 7 an order. Instead of a physical catalog ， e-commerce arranges for catalogs to be 8 on the Internet. Instead of sending an order on paper or by telephone， e-commerce arranges for orders to be sent 9 a computer network. Finally， instead of sending

17、a paper representation of payment such as a check ， e-commerce 10 one to send payment information electronically.In the decade 11 1993， e-commerce grew from an 12 novelty （ 新奇事物） to a mainstream business influence. In 1993， few 13 had a web page， and 14 a handfulallowed one to order products or serv

18、ices online. Ten years 15 ， both large and small businesses had web pages， and most 16 users with the opportunity to place an order. 17 ， many banks added online access， 18 online banking and bill paying became 19 . More importantly， the value of goods and services 20 over the Internet grew dramatic

19、ally after 1997.1. A）distract B） descend C）differ D） derive2. A） with B） via C） from D） off3. A） appeared B） used C） resorted D） served4. A） situates B） lies C） roots D） locates5. A） on B） of C） for D） to6. A） reflects B） detects C） protects D） selects7. A） sends in B） puts out C） stands for D） carr

20、ies away8. A） visible B） responsible C） feasible D） sensible9. A） beside B） over C） beyond D） up10. A） appeals B） admits C） advocates D） allows11. A） after B） behind C） until D） toward12. A） optional B） invalid C） occasional D） insignificant13. A） communities B） corps C） corporations D） compounds14.

21、 A） largely B） slightly C） solely D） only15. A） lately B） later C） late D） latter16. A） offered B） convinced C） equipped D） provided17. A） Instead B） Nevertheless C） However D） Besides18. A） and B） or C） but D） though19. A） different B） flexible C） widespread D） productive20. A） acquired B） adapted

22、C） practiced D） proceeded1.C ?？紕釉~詞義辨析，而且是考與from 的搭配，有三個(gè)選項(xiàng)可以入選，A distractfrom “分散；使分心”；C differ from“與不同”；D derive from “起源；源自”；根據(jù)句意A 、D 均不符合題意，所以答案是C.2.B 。Via 通過；through 。3.B 。appear, appearance反義詞：disappear, disappearance。4.B 。lie lied lied 撒謊，lay laid lain 放置；處于lay laid laid 下蛋，lie in 在于，tell a li

23、e 說謊，liar 騙子。5.B 。表示組成的四個(gè)短語consist of ，be made up for，be composed of ，be comprised of 。6.D 。考察collect, gather , select的區(qū)別。collection, a collection of 。7.A 。virtual 虛擬的，visible 看得見的，vision 視野；遠(yuǎn)景，visual 視覺的，virtue 美德。8.A ?？夹稳菰~詞義辨析，此題可以利用本段中心主題句中出現(xiàn)的復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系推出答案選項(xiàng)是A.9.B 。10.D ?？紕釉~詞義辨析， appear 是不及物動詞，一般與for

24、連用，譯為“呼吁”；admit 一般跟動名詞作賓語，譯為“容許， 承認(rèn)”；advocate 是及物動詞“提倡， 鼓吹”；allow sb to do “允許某人做某事”，根據(jù)原文判斷只有D 符合題意。11.A 。12.D 。13.C ?？济~詞義辨析，community “社區(qū)，團(tuán)體”；corp 如果首字母大寫Corp 是公司的縮寫，所以此單詞是錯(cuò)誤的；corporation “公司，企業(yè)”；compound “混合物，化合物”，此題可以通過同意替換的方法做題，下文中提到small business，與其意思相近的選項(xiàng)是C.14.D 。15.B ?？夹谓~辨析，lately 與recently

25、 同義，譯為“最近”；later “多長時(shí)間之后”，常與時(shí)間詞連用；late “晚， 遲， 最近， 在晚期”，常表示晚于通常時(shí)間的；latter 指“兩者之中的后者”，根據(jù)句意答案是B.16.D ?？紕釉~詞義辨析， offer sb to do sth“向某人提供”，一般表示主動的給予；convince sb of sth 或convince sb that 常用被動語態(tài)，譯為“使某人信服；使某人確信”；equip “裝備， 配備”，常與with 連用；provide sb with sth “將某物提供給某人”，provide sth for sb “為某人提供某物”，根據(jù)句意所以答案選擇D

26、.17.D 。18.A 。19.C ?？夹稳菰~詞義辨析，different “不同的”；flexible “的， 靈活的， 柔軟的， 能變形的”；widespread “分布廣泛的， 普遍的”；productive “生產(chǎn)的，多產(chǎn)的”，此題根據(jù)本段中心主題句判斷出答案選項(xiàng)是C.20.A 。What personal qualities are desirable in a teacher? I think the following would be generally accepted.First, The teachers personality should be lively and

27、1 . This does not rule out people who are plain-looking, or 2 ugly, because many such people have great personal charm. But it does rule out such 3 as the over-excitable, sad, cold, and frustrated.Secondly, it is not merely desirable but essential for a 4 to have a genuine （真正的） capacity for sympath

28、y, a capacity to 5 the minds and feelings of other people, especially, 6 of children. Closely 7 with this is the capacity to be tolerant（可容忍的）-not, indeed, of what is 8 , but of the weaknesses and immaturity of human nature which 9 people, and again especially children, to make mistakes.Thirdly, I h

29、old it essential for a teacher to be honest. There is no contradiction（矛盾） in my going on to 10 that a teacher should be a bit of an actor. That is part of the technique of 11 , which demands that every now and then a teacher 12 be able to put on an act-to enliven(使生動 a lesson, correct a fault, or a

30、ward praise.A teacher must be capable of infinite patience. This, I may say, is largely a matter of 13 and self-training, for we are 14 of us born like that.Finally, I think a teacher should have the kind of mind which always wants to go on 15 . Teaching is a job at which one will never be 16 ; ther

31、e is always something more to learn about it. There are 17 principal objects of study: the subjects which the teacher is teaching; the methods by which the subjects can best be taught and- 18 the most important- the children, young people, or 19 to whom the subjects are to be taught. The two fundame

32、ntal principles of British education today are that education is education of the whole person, and that it is best 20 through full and active co-operation between two persons, the teacher and the learner.1. A. common B. beautiful C. easy-going D. attractive2. A. even B. ever C. otherwise D. therefo

33、re3. A. actors B. types C. classes D. schools4. A. doctor B. student C. teacher D. headmaster5. A. see B. understand C. move D. persuade6. A. ones B. some C. many D. those7. A. related B. watched C. followed D. studied8. A. wrong B. good C. right D. pretty9. A. force B. make C. ask D. induce(誘導(dǎo)10. A

34、. talk B. tell C. speak D. say11. A. acting B. teaching C. working D. learning12. A. should B. could C. must D. have to13. A. self-defence B. self-discipline C. self-teaching D. self-confidence14. A. all B. some C. none D. many15. A. learning B. practising C. teaching D. watching16. A. endless B. pa

35、yable C. tiring D. perfect17. A. two B. four C. three D. five18. A. so far B. by far C. by now D. at large19. A. adults B. persons C. boys D. girls20. A. regarded B. described C. acquired D. received1. D. 從后面的personal charm 可以看出來，老師的個(gè)性要有吸引力。beautiful 一般不與personality 搭配。2. A.從plain-looking 到ugly ，意義遞

36、進(jìn)，所以用 even 。3. B.要排除的是這些類型的人。over-excitable, sad, cold, and frustrated指的是各種類型的人。type 表“類型”。4. C.只有teacher 與文章主題有關(guān)。5. B.同情心是一種理解別人感情和心思的能力。6. D.those作代詞, 指代前面提到的the minds and feelings。7. A.與之密切相關(guān)的一種能力就是容忍性。8. A.錯(cuò)誤的東西當(dāng)然不能容忍。9. D.人性的弱點(diǎn)和不成熟是青少年犯錯(cuò)誤的誘因。10. D.這里強(qiáng)調(diào)說話的內(nèi)容，故用say 。11. B.表演是一種教學(xué)技能。12. A.教師應(yīng)該具有能力

37、表演。13. B.從后面可以知道，耐心不是天生就有的，是一種自我約束，自我訓(xùn)練的結(jié)果。14. C.從常識可以了解到?jīng)]有人一生下來就有耐心。15. A. there is always something more to learn about it.中可以知道，教師要不斷學(xué)習(xí)和研究。16. D.教學(xué)是一種永遠(yuǎn)不會完美的工作。17. C.后面列出了教師的三個(gè)研究對象：所教學(xué)科，教學(xué)方法，學(xué)生。18. B.只有by far能修飾形容詞最高級。19. A.前面提到了children, young people ，可見作者是按年齡大小來列舉教學(xué)對象的，故選adults 。20. C 全人教育只有通過師

38、生間的充分和主動的合作才能達(dá)到One day a police officer manager to get some fresh mushrooms.He was so 1 what he had bought that he offered to 2 the mushrooms with his brother officers.When their breakfast arrived the next day, each officer found some mushrooms on his plate.“Let the dog 3 a piece first,”suggested on

39、e 4 officer who was afraid that the mushrooms might be poisonous.The dog seemed to 5 his mushrooms, and the officers then began to eat their meal saying that the mushrooms had a very strang 6 quite pleasant taste.An hour 7 , however, they were all astonished when the gardener rushed on and said 8 th

40、e dog was dead. 9 , the officers jumpedsintostheir cars and rushedsintosthe nearest hospital.Pumps (泵 were used and the officers had a very 10 time getting rid of the mushrooms that 11 in their stomachs.When they 12 to the police station, they sat down and started to 13 the mushroom poisoning.Each man explained the pains that he had felt and they agreed that 14 had grown worse on their 15 to the hospital.The gardener was called to tell the way 16 the poor dog had died.“Did it 17 much before death?”asked one of the of