九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)人教朗文版知識(shí)精講

1、九年級(jí)九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)人教朗文版人教朗文版【同步教育信息同步教育信息】一. 本周教學(xué)內(nèi)容： 復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) 什么是動(dòng)詞？表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞叫動(dòng)詞。表示動(dòng)作的有：speak, go, come 等等，表示狀態(tài)的有：be, have 等等。 英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)中，語(yǔ)態(tài)中和語(yǔ)氣等等當(dāng)中都有所變化。 動(dòng)詞可以分為以下幾個(gè)種類： 行為動(dòng)詞： 含有實(shí)在的意義，能表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，在句子中能夠獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)。 e.g. Mary is reading a book. （表示動(dòng)作） I am a teacher. （表示狀態(tài)） 及物動(dòng)詞： vt. 及物動(dòng)詞的后面必須加賓語(yǔ)句子意義才完整。 e.

2、g. You watch TV on Saturday. vt. +O 不及物動(dòng)詞： vi. 不及物動(dòng)詞的后面不可以直接跟賓語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如果要接賓語(yǔ)，必須加介詞。 e.g. She speaks loudly. （vi.） Look at the blackboard. （加了介詞 at 才能跟賓語(yǔ) blackboard） 連系動(dòng)詞： 我們常把連系動(dòng)詞稱為系動(dòng)詞，在句子中作謂語(yǔ)，但是后面要接表語(yǔ)。這類詞有：be, become, get, look, turn 等等。 e.g. You are a student. Its getting hotter. Her face turned

3、red when she heard the news. He looks strong. 助動(dòng)詞：助動(dòng)詞本身是沒(méi)有意義的，它不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，只能和主要?jiǎng)釉~一起構(gòu)成各種時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣來(lái)表示否定、疑問(wèn)等等。 e.g. Does your mother go to work at seven every day? They didnt watch the football match last Sunday. The students have learned a lot of knowledge. How soon will the teacher finish going over the

4、exam papers? 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有 can, could, may, might, must, should, need 等表示能力、義務(wù)、必要、猜測(cè)等說(shuō)話能力的語(yǔ)氣或情態(tài)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞只能與原形動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，不可以單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)。 e.g. Can you dance? Could you please tell me your name? You neednt hand in your homework now. You may hand in it tomorrow. We must speak politely to the old. 動(dòng)詞都有哪些基本形式呢？ 動(dòng)詞有 5

5、種形式：原形、第三人稱單數(shù)形式、過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞最常用的形式。當(dāng)然動(dòng)詞還有其它的形式。這幾種形式和助動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成了動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài)和語(yǔ)氣。在英語(yǔ)中有十大詞類，而動(dòng)詞的變化是最多的。 1. 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞可以分為規(guī)則和不規(guī)則的兩種形式，規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞是在后面加 ed 構(gòu)成 構(gòu)成規(guī)則一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加ed，在清輔音后面念tworklookworkedlookedworkedlooked以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加 d，在濁輔音和元音后面念dmoveliveusedmovedlivedusedmovedlivedused以輔音字母y 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去 y 改為 i，加 ed

6、worrystudyworriedstudiedworriedstudied重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母，再加 ed，在t,d后念idplanstopnodwantneedplannedstoppednoddedwantedneededplannedstoppednoddedwantedneeded 熟記不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞，在練習(xí)中掌握。不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表在初三全一冊(cè)P255-P257 上。 2. 動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式，是用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)。 規(guī)則： 一般動(dòng)詞在詞尾加 s，在清輔音后讀s，在濁輔音后或元音后讀z，在 t 后讀ts，在 d 后

7、讀dz e.g. helpshelpsasksa:sksmakesmeiks swimswimzleavesli:vzplaypleiz getsgetsridesraidzrisesraisiz 以字母 s，x，ch，sh 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加-es，讀iz，如果動(dòng)詞原形詞尾有 e，則加 s，以o 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞也加 es，讀z e.g. teachteachesguessguesses closeclosesgogoes washwashesfixfixes 以輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去 y 改為 i，再加 es，讀z e.g. flyfliestrytries carrycarries worr

8、yworries 3. 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成 一般在動(dòng)詞原形后面直接加 ing e.g. gogoingstudystudyingplayplaying 以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去掉 e，再加 ing. e.g. writewritingloselosingcloseclosing 重讀閉音節(jié)，最后只有一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母，再加 ing. e.g. setsettingbeginbeginning sitsittinggetgetting 個(gè)別動(dòng)詞的變化為： diedyingtietyinglielying 死捆、系躺、說(shuō)謊 4. 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) 熟練掌握初中階段學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)的一

9、般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)，一般將來(lái)時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成和用法，及有關(guān)術(shù)語(yǔ)。 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) （1）表示經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或現(xiàn)有的狀態(tài)，主語(yǔ)的特征，能力等。 e.g. I often go to school early. She is a doctor. John likes movies. （2）表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理。 e.g. The earth moves around the sun. Three and three are six. （3）在時(shí)間、條件等狀語(yǔ)從句中一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。 e.g. He will telephone me as soon as he gets

10、 to London. Well have a picnic if it is fine next Sunday. Dont move until mother comes back. （4）用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表示按時(shí)間、時(shí)刻表，按計(jì)劃安排好的動(dòng)作，表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞。 e.g. The plane takes off at 3:00 in the afternoon. 飛機(jī)下午 3 點(diǎn)起飛。 Class begins at eight. 八點(diǎn)開(kāi)始上課。 （5）在賓語(yǔ)從句或間接引語(yǔ)中，雖然主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，但是從句部分如果是客觀真理，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍然要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，不能隨著主句而改變時(shí)態(tài)。 e.g

11、. The teacher told the students that the earth goes around the sun. He said the moon is smaller than the sun because its for away from us. 請(qǐng)記住一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句子中的變化。 動(dòng)詞 be 肯定句否定句疑問(wèn)句及簡(jiǎn)略回答 I am Im not Are you ? Yes, I am. No, Im not. YouWeTheyareYouWeTheyarentAreyouwethey?Yes, we / you / they are.No, we / y

12、ou / they arent. HeSheItisHeSheItisntIsheshe?itYes,he / she / it is. No,he / she / it isnt. 行為動(dòng)詞以 speak 為例： 肯定句否定句 I speak EnglishI dont （do not）speak English. YouYou TheyThey WeWe 主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)主語(yǔ)doesnt +動(dòng)詞原形 HeShespeaks English.HeShedoesnt speak English. 疑問(wèn)句及簡(jiǎn)略回答 Do you speak English? Does he / she /

13、it speak English? Yes, I do. / we do. Yes, he /she / it does. No, I dont （do not）No, he / she / it does not （doesnt） No, we dont. （do not）Do they speak English? Yes, they do. No, they do not. （dont） 如何注意正確判斷一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)呢？ 1. 表示經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作才能用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，句子中有 always, often, usually, sometimes 等頻度副詞，或者時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) every day,

14、 in the morning 等等。 e.g. Do you often wash your hair? Yes, I do. Jim sometimes swims in the lake. What does your mother usually do on Sunday? Our teacher always helps us in her spare time. The students come to school early every Monday. 2. 表示現(xiàn)狀或現(xiàn)在的感覺(jué)的詞。 e.g. Mr Pope is a farmer. （表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)） John loves

15、 his parents very much. （表示感覺(jué)） I like studying languages. Do you want to have a drink? We hope to go abroad. 切記： 行為動(dòng)詞的否定：助動(dòng)詞 dont +動(dòng)詞原形 疑問(wèn)：助動(dòng)詞 Do +主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形？ 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)， 否定助動(dòng)詞以 doesnt +動(dòng)詞原形 疑問(wèn)句 助動(dòng)詞 Does 主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形？ 寫(xiě)出下列句子的否定句： 1. Lucy and Lily go to school five days a week. 2. They have many postcards. 3.

16、 Wei Fang has breakfast at school. 4. The shop sells expensive but nice things. 5. She does her homework carefully. 6. The twins are good at maths. 7. Susan dresses quickly every morning. 8. He watches TV in the evening. Key: 1. Lucy and Lily dont go to school five days a week. 2. They dont have man

17、y postcards. 3. Wei Fang doesnt have breakfast at school. 4. The shop doesnt sell expensive but nice things. 5. She doesnt do her homework carefully. 6. The twins arent good at maths. 7. Susan doesnt dress quickly every morning. 8. He doesnt watch TV in the evening. 將下列句子改成疑問(wèn)句并作肯定和否定回答。 1. I live in

18、 Beijing. 2. My mother works in a university. 3. He spends much time on English. 4. Joe comes from Australia. 5. They have a lot of work to do these days. Key: 1. Do you live in Beijing? Yes, I do. No, I dont. 2. Does your mother work in a university? Yes, she does. No, she doesnt. 3. Does he spend

19、much time on English？ Yes, he does. No, he doesnt. 4. Does Joe come from Australia? Yes, he does. No, he doesnt. 5. Do they have a lot of work to do these days? Yes, they do. No, they dont. 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空： 1. Sara usually _ （help）mum when she _ （come）home early. 2. The bird often _ （fly）to the tree an

20、d _ （sing）happily. 3. _ you _ （brush）your shoes in your spare time? 4. Please stay here till we _ （come）back. 5. What will you do if Mr Li _ （not finish）the papers in time? 6. _ （not touch）the things on show. 7. Father said the sun _ （rise）in the east. 8. Look, here _ （come）the teacher. 9. Please _

21、（remember）to call me as soon as you _ （get）to New York. 10. We _ （not think）you _ （be）right. Key: 1. helps, comes2. flies, sings3. Do, brush 4. come5. doesnt finish6. Dont touch 7. rises8. comes9. remember, get 10. dont think, are 【模擬試題模擬試題】I. 單項(xiàng)選擇： 1. Li Lin _ his homework in the morning. He _ Engl

22、ish. A. isnt do, reads B. not does, read C. doesnt do, reads D. doesnt do, read 2. What time _ she often _ home? A. is, getB. do, getC. does, getD. does, gets 3. _ you know the boy? _ boy? A. Are, whichB. Do, which C. Do, whatD. Does, which 4. Look, the boat _ a chicken. A. likesB. looks like C. loo

23、k likeD. is look 5. Please _ your eyes closed before I _ you the present. A. keep, giveB. keep, will give C. keep, givesD. keep, giving 6. _ you _ on the first floor? Yes, I do. A. Are, liveB. Have, lived C. Are, livingD. Do, live 7. If you _ polluting the water, more people will die of illness. A.

24、arent stopB. dont stop C. will not stopD. not stop 8. Zhou will fail in the exam if he _ work hard. A. will notB. is not C. doesntD. dont 9. How _ you _ the film? Oh, wonderful! A. do, likeB. are, liking C. are, likeD. does, like 10. What _ you see in the sky at night in summer when it _ fine? A. do

25、, will beB. are, is C. can, is D. can, will be II. 根據(jù)句意用方框內(nèi)所給詞組的適當(dāng)形式填空：ringup, know, catch, as soon as possible, take, run 1. They _ part in the sports meeting tomorrow. 2. Look! Jenny _ fast. 3. The thief _ last night. 4. Were good friends. I _ him for three years. 5. If you need help, please _ me

26、_. 6. I hope you can come to see me _. III. 補(bǔ)全對(duì)話： A: Good morning. B: Good morning, Sit down, please. 1 ? A: Im Emily. B: 2 . A: I felt weak and sick yesterday. B: 3 . A: Yes, I coughed the whole night. B: Have you taken your temperature? A: 4 . B: Let me take your temperature, Oh, it is serious. Yo

27、uve got a fever. A: 5 B: You must take some medicine. A: 6 . B: Twice a day. Youd better drink plenty of water and stay in bed. 7 . A: Thank you very much. IV. 根據(jù)中文提示和英文詞語(yǔ)完成句子： 1. 她不知道她媽媽為什么生她的氣。 She didnt know _. 2. 他們喜歡住在北京。 They are enjoying _. 3. 住在城里與住在農(nóng)村不同。 Living in the city _. 4. 春天來(lái)了，天氣越來(lái)越暖

28、和。 When spring comes, the weather gets _. 5. 我們請(qǐng)他為我們唱一支歌。 We asked him _. 6. 我想知道他是否收到了大衛(wèi)的信。 I want to know _ David. V. 完形填空： Birthdays are joyful days for everyone. People all over the world celebrate birthdays 1 various traditional ways. In China the special birthday food is long noodles, a symbol

29、 of long 2 . In Iceland, pancakes with candles rolled inside them are served on birthday. In Greece and Rome people 3 dotting （to place here and there）birthday cakes with lighted candles. They believe that 4 are be carried to the gods on rising flames. In Mexico, birthday greetings and held as early

30、 in the day 5 . The birthday person is a waken at midnight by friends 6 birthday songs. In Thailand, two long candles are lighted the night before a birthday. Another Thai custom is 7 living fish and birds. The birthday person frees the animals, 8 they believe will bring good 9 . In Britain, a birth

31、day is an 10 celebration. In Nigeria people dont celebrate individual birthdays, 11 , everyone in a certain age group celebrates together 12 a certain day. Today birthday customs are 13 in many countries. Old customs are giving way to western style of birthday celebrations 14 candle-topped cakes are

32、 served. 15 different nations have different ways to celebrate birthdays, birthdays are wonderful days for everyone. 1. A. atB. inC. withD. by 2. A. liveB. aliveC. lifeD. living 3. A. keepB. getC. likeD. decide 4. A. hopeB. wishesC. wordsD. light 5. A. as possible B. as soon C. immediatelyD. as usua

33、l 6. A. singB. singingC. to singD. sang 7. A. buyingB. boughtC. buyD. to buy 8. A. forB. thatC. whatD. which 9. A. songsB. luckC. giftsD. cakes 10. A. all dayB. one-hourC. all-dayD. one-year 11. A. InsteadB. AndC. OrD. Then 12. A. inB. duringC. afterD. on 13. A. happening B. changingC. stayingD. app

34、earing 14. A. on whichB. in whichC. on thatD. during which 15. A. ButB. AsC. WhenD. ThoughV. 閱讀理解： A girl may pass easily through the first grades. While boys of her age bring home low marks, the girl may easily get good grades. Girls seem to have “better brains”in school. Why do so few girls become

35、 scientists? Why is the most important thinking in adult world done by men? According to scientists, the answer is aggression (敵對(duì)行為). Boys usually refuse to accept other peoples conclusion. They insist on solving problems by themselves. While little girls are getting high marks in school for remembe

36、ring what the teacher has told them, little boys are learning to think in their own ways. Boys are usually the ones who get high pay and the powerful job because they are to be aggressive at an early age. 1. Girls get better marks at school than boys become _. A. boys are lazier B. girls are better

37、at remembering things than boys C. girls are cleverer than boys D. teachers care more for girls than for boys 2. There are so few women scientists because _. A. boys are cleverer than girls B. girls are less cared for C. girls are lazier D. few of them are trained to be aggressive 3. According to the scientists _. A. boys are good at thinking in their own ways while girls are remembering things. B. boys can ea