新編英語教程第三版-unit8-cultivating-a-hobbyPPT課件

1、Caltivating a HobbyWinston ChurchillBy Group 1 - SpecialPresentation Plan Introduction of the author - Cheyenne Some relevant information about the topic - Vivian Main idea & organization - Ruby Explanation of words & sentences in text 1 - Claire The metaphor & use of synonymous expressi

2、ons - NicoleChurchills family Churchills father was a politician; and his mother was the daughter of American millionaire. His wife was Clementine Hozier. They have five children: Diana, Randolf, Sarah, Marigold, MaryChurchill personal life born in 1874, died in 1965 at the age of 7, he was sent to

3、independent school (naughty, bad at study, worst student) in 1893, he applied to attend the Royal Military College, Sandhurst in February 1895, commissioned as a second lieutenant in the 4th Queens Own Hussars (第四驃騎兵團任中尉)Sir Winston Churchill one of the outstangding leader in the world history and o

4、ne of the great British prime ministers prolific writer amateur painterChurchill personal life - as a prolofic writer in 1897, three brigades of the British Army fought against a Pashtun tribe in the North West Frontier of India - during this campaign, he fought under the command of General Jeffery

5、and also wrote articles for the newspapers The Pioneer加爾各答先驅(qū)報 and The Daily Telegraph每日電訊報 based on those articles and the campaign experiences, he published his first book The Story of the Malakand Field Force 馬拉坎德野戰(zhàn)軍紀實Churchill personal life - as a prolific writer in 1899, during the Second Boer W

6、ar, he was captured then escaped from the prison camp alone, which made him a minor national hero for a time in Britain from 1903 to 1905, Churchill was engaged in writing Lord Randolph Churchill, a two-volume biography of his father in 1908, My Trip to Africa was published in 1930, My Early Life wa

7、s pubilshedChurchill personal life - as a prolific writer in 1953, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature for his mastery of historical and biographical description as well as for brilliant oratory in defending exalted human values later, two of his most famous works were published - The Seco

8、nd World War & A History of the English-Speaking PeoplesChurchill personal life - as an amateur painter Churchill was an accomplished artist and took great pleasure in painting. He said he found a haven in art to overcome the spells of depression which he suffered throughout his life. Churchill

9、was persuaded and taught to paint by his artist friend, Paul Maze, whom he met during the First World War. Paul was a great influence on Churchills painting and became his lifelong painting companion.Americas Most Popular Hobbies10.Watching TV 9. Sports 8.Reading 7.Computer games6.Social surfing 5.M

10、usic 4. Traveling 3. Movie 2.Shopping 1. Thinking Top 10 Most Popular Hobbies of 201410. Sewing9. Tinkering with Technology8. Social networking7. Arts and crafts6. Photography 5. Online shopping 4. Playing Video games3. Sports2. Baking 1. Travel Main idea This theme of the essay is the role hobbies

11、play in relaxing the mind of rational, industrious and useful human beings. The purpose is to emphasize the importance of cultivating a rightly chosen hobby.Organization of the text Section 1 (para. 1-2): Raising the topic: explaining what worry is and the importance of a hobby in attenuating(削弱)wor

12、ry Para . 1: explain the notion of “worry”, but something else is implied by “insinuate something else into its convulsive grasp” and “illumination of another field of interest” Para . 2: thesis statement: “The cultivation of a hobby and new forms of interest is therefore a policy of first importanc

13、e to a public man”. Section 2 (para. 3-5): Classifying human beings into three categories and emphasizing the importance of hobbies to them Para . 3-4: the classification of human beings into three classes: those who are toiled to death; those who are worried to death; and those who are bored to dea

14、th. (Para. 4: For the unfortunate people who can command everything they want, the most hopeful path is discipline in one form or another.) Para . 5: the classification of rational, industrious, useful human beings into two classes and the need of hobbies to them: those whose work is work and whose

15、pleasure is pleasure, and those whose work and pleasure are one. Explanation of words & sentences1. spasmspzm: cramp; a sudden strong feeling 痙攣；一陣發(fā)作 e.g. muscular spasm facial spasm a spasm of anger / excitement / grief 2. let sb. go: release e.g. let the hostages go let sth. go: stop worrying

16、about sth. e.g.Its time to let the past go. Explanation of words & sentences3. futile fju:tal :unsuccessful, ineffective e.g. Their efforts to revive him were futile.4. insinuate nsnjuet: introduce sth. indirectly and subtly e.g. Are you insinuating that Im not telling the truth?5.convulsive knv

17、lsv: sudden, violent, uncontrollable e.g. She burst into a convulsive sobs.6. undue ndju: excessive e.g. Any exercise that causes undue shortness of breath should be stopped.Explanation of words & sentences7. recuperationrku:pren: recovery, restoration to health e.g. After several days recuperat

18、ion in hospital, grandma feels much better now.8. policy: strategy e.g. The White House announced that the policy is under review.9. improvise mprvaz: do without preparation, do on the spot e.g. I was asked to make a speech when I got there, so I had to improvise.Explanation of words & sentences

19、10. command: have control of, be master of e.g. He commands a large sum of money. 11. sedulously sedjlsl: diligently, assiduously 孜孜不倦地 e.g. This illusion has been sedulously fostered.12. vivify: give vitality and vividness to, refresh 使有生氣，使活躍 vivifying fruits: results that give one refreshment and

20、 relaxationExplanation of words & sentences13. aggravate grvet: to make worse or more troublesome e.g. The childs condition had been aggravated since the operation, which worried his parents very much.14. toil: work too hard for a long time 辛勤勞作e.g. Ive been toiling away at the this essay all we

21、ekend.15. triflingtrafl: adj. of slight worth or importance e.g. It is no trifling matter. It is serious.16. gratify grtfa: to give wat is desired to, to satisfy e.g. His achievement gratified his father.Explanation of words & sentences17. caprice kpri:s: whim, fanciful idea, a sudden unreasonab

22、le change of mind e.g. He acted not from reason, but from caprice.18. lay ones hand on: have within reach, get, obtain19. satiation seen: the state of being satisfactorily full; the act of achieving full gratification e.g. Relief from pain is even more rewarding than satiation.Explanation of words &

23、amp; sentences20. frantic frntk: hurried, not well-organized e.g. Ive had a frantic rush to get my work done.21. avenge vend: do something to hurt or punish someone because they ave harmed or offened you avenge sth./ sb. 為報仇 avenge his comrades / his brothers death22. clatterklt: a rattling sound; a

24、 loud disturbance; noisy talkExplanation of words & sentences23. sustenance sstnns: food that keep people strong and healthy e.g. We derive our sustenance from the land.24. keen appetite: strong desire25. grudgegrd: hate, resent; do, give or accept sth. unwillingly 不滿；怨恨 e.g. I really grudge pay

25、ing so much for such bad food. He grudges every penny he has to spend.Explanation of words & sentences26. absorbing: intensely interesting e.g. an absorbing tale27. banishbn: drive out, dismisse.g. They tried to banish him from politics.MetaphorExampleAll the worlds a stage, And all the men and

26、women merely players; They have their exits and their entrances; William Shakespeare, As You Like IDefinition:A figure of speech in which an implied comparison is made between two unlike things that actually have something in common. The seeds must be carefully chosen; they must fall on good ground;

27、 they must be sedulously tended, if the vivifying fruits are to be at hand when needed. Winston Churchill, Cultivating a Hobby Metaphor & SimilarDefinition of Similar: A figure of speech in which two fundamentally unlike things are explicitly compared, usually in a phrase introduced by like or a

28、s.Difference:A simile is also a metaphor; for there is little difference: when the poet says, He rushed as a lion, it is a simile, but The lion rushed with lion referring to a man would be a metaphor; since both are brave, he used a metaphor i.e., a simile and spoke of Achilles as a lion. - (Aristotle, Rhetoric, Book Three, Chapter 4. Translated by George A. Kennedy,Aristotle, On Rhetoric: A Theory of Civic Discourse. Oxford University Press, 1991)Synonymous ExpressionDefinition: Use synonymously variety of words and phr