初三中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專(zhuān)題之細(xì)節(jié)題解題技巧講義教案(含練習(xí)答案)

1、學(xué)員編號(hào)：學(xué)員姓名：YYY年 級(jí)：輔導(dǎo)科目：英語(yǔ)課時(shí)數(shù)：學(xué)科教師：XX授課類(lèi)型T xxx星 級(jí)教學(xué)目標(biāo)1、2、T閱讀理解之細(xì)節(jié)題解題技巧（建議2-5分鐘）你知道什么叫新聞中的5個(gè)W, 一個(gè)H嗎？開(kāi)動(dòng)腦筋，想想吧！Keys:什么事（What,何事）？誰(shuí)被牽連到這個(gè)事件之中（Who,何人）？這個(gè)事件是什么時(shí)候發(fā)生的（When,何時(shí)）？是在什么地方發(fā)生的（Where,何地）？為什么發(fā)生這個(gè)事件（Why,何故）？有的還要加上一個(gè)H （How,怎么樣）？批注：在我們做閱讀的時(shí)候，很多細(xì)節(jié)題就考這 5個(gè)W, 個(gè)H哦！所以在閱讀過(guò)程中，最好用筆標(biāo)出，這會(huì)為之后的 做題節(jié)約很多時(shí)間。（建議5-10分鐘）14有

2、關(guān)閱讀最基本的要求是“能從一般性文章中獲取和處理主要信息”。對(duì)這種“獲取和處理主要信息”能力的考查，主要采用的方式就是細(xì)節(jié)判斷。這類(lèi)題在閱讀理解題中占據(jù)半壁江山，做好這類(lèi)題是確?；A(chǔ)分的關(guān)鍵。同時(shí), 弄清細(xì)節(jié)，正確獲取信息，也是把握文章主旨的前提。因此，要特別重視做好這類(lèi)題。較難細(xì)節(jié)題題干常見(jiàn)的問(wèn)句形式1）True or NOT true是非判斷類(lèi)型 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? Which ofthe following statements is NOT true? Which of the followin

3、g is NOT considered as ? According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the reasons for ?2）特殊疑問(wèn)詞提問(wèn)類(lèi)型How many？What/who/when/where/how/why?3）排序題類(lèi)型 Which of the orders is correct according to the passage?4）例證題類(lèi)型 The auth or gives the example in paragraph in order to5）表唯一細(xì)節(jié)概

4、念題類(lèi)型： themost / est the only 解題技巧:通讀短文，領(lǐng)會(huì)文章大意，理解文章結(jié)構(gòu)層次及細(xì)節(jié)，特別注意:1 .五個(gè) W (who , which , when , where , what )和一個(gè) H ( how );2 .數(shù)字、日期、時(shí)間等；3 .注意加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣的詞。然后運(yùn)用排除法排除不符合原文細(xì)節(jié)的選項(xiàng)，剩下的就是要選擇的最佳答案。二：定位題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，按詞索驥，答案一般就在關(guān)鍵詞所在的那句話中。如果不在，也不要著急，耐心的把那句 話前面一句或者后面一句看下，答案應(yīng)該就在那里了！(建議15-25分鐘)2012年中考題A. Choose the best answer

5、 (根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢?:(12Dear Disney,Last weekend, the four members of my family spent an enjoyable holiday at the MagicKingdom - Disneyland. And one event made our visit seem truly magical.We got to the front of the line at Space Mountain, only to find out that our little daughter Gloria couldn't

6、take her ice-cream on the ride. We were so excited that we all forgot ice-cream was not allowed on the ride.Gloria broke into tears and we all had no idea what to do. Then Murphy, one of the staff( 員工)members, came over. She bent down and told Gloria that she would hold the ice-cream for her and giv

7、e it to her when she finished the ride. Gloria said, "Promise?" Then she gave Murphy her ice-cream, and she completely enjoyed the ride.Sure enough, as we walked out the exit, there was Gloria's new friend with "her" ice-cream. Now you and I both know what happened, because w

8、e know that an ice-cream won't last twenty minutes on a summer afternoon in Florida. Murphy knew' what time we would get off the ride; she went to the nearest shop and bought a brand-new ice-cream thirty seconds before we walked out the exit. Gloria said, "Thank you," but I'm s

9、ure she thought it was the same ice-cream.We know that someone tried hard to make our visit special. Thanks so much for going above and beyond!Your fan,Carmen Rivera74. The family's visit to the Magic Kingdom wasA) helpful B) awful C) frighteningD) amazing分析：細(xì)節(jié)題，從文章第一段" one event made our v

10、isit seem truly magical”, 從magical的意思可以選出 D選項(xiàng)。75. Before the ride, Gloria cried because.A) she couldn't find her parents in the lineB) she was too little to take the rideC) she couldn't take her ice-cream on the rideD) she had to wait for twenty minutes分析：細(xì)節(jié)題，從文章的第二段，“Gloria couldn't tak

11、e her ice-cream on the ride ”可以選出 C選項(xiàng)。76. Murphy was waiting for Gloria after the ride.A) in the ice-cream shopB) at the exitC) in the front of the lineD) at the entrance分析：細(xì)節(jié)題，從文章的第四段" as we walked out the exit”可以選出B的選項(xiàng)。77. In order to keep the promise, Murphy.A) took Gloria to the nearest sho

12、pB) asked her new friend to help GloriaC) helped Gloria get off the rideD) bought a new ice-cream for Gloria分析：細(xì)節(jié)題，從文章的第四段“ bought a brand-new ice-cream”可以選出 D選項(xiàng)。79. Carmen Rivera wrote the letter to.A) order ice-creamsB) promise to visit againC) express her thanksD) give some suggestions分析：細(xì)節(jié)題，從文章的

13、最后一段，可以選出C的選項(xiàng)。注意express是表達(dá)的意思。批注：此篇文章總體分析，難度不大，主要是要讓學(xué)生注意細(xì)節(jié)，與以往不同的是沒(méi)有主旨大意題，學(xué)生只要看懂文 章，抓住細(xì)節(jié)，一定能夠選出正確的選項(xiàng)。二：2011年中考題B) Choose the belt answer （根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢?）You probably know you should say" please" and" thank you" at restaurants. You probably know the rules of a library. You know

14、you should respect and be nice lo your classmates. But do you have music manners?Keep It Down! You have to notice the volume of your music. You should not play your music so loud that everyone around you can hear it. Some people might even get angry. Usually, when you play the music loud on an MP3 p

15、layer, other people can't hear the words of the song. They just hear a loud sound. Not one wants to listen to this. Very loud music can also be bad for your ears, so even if you are alone when listening to our MP3 player, you shouldn't have it turned up too high.Take Them Off! You need to kn

16、ow when to turn your MP3 player off and put it away. Librariesand schools don't allow MP3 players. There are other places, like museums, that don't have rules, but it would be rude to have your MP3 player on. Sometimes, it just doesn't make sense to listen your MP3 player at event. Why w

17、ould you listen to music at a play, a movie or a sporting event? You would miss what is going on and others would wonder why you even came.Take One Out! Once in a while it's okay just to take out one earphone. Imagine you are listening on your MP3 player when someone asks you the way. It would n

18、ot be rude to take out one earphone, tell him the way, and put back the earphone and continue listening. You can also do this when you order food at a fast-food restaurant or when you answer the telephone and it's not for you.It's Your Choice! There are times when you need to decide what is

19、best. For example, some people can listen tomusic on their MP3 players when read books, while others think it is disturbing. In cases like this, you need 10 do what seems right for you.79. No one wants to listen to from others' MP3 players.A) a loud soundB)sad storiesC)a long movieD)the words of

20、 a song【參考答案】A【測(cè)量目標(biāo)】細(xì)節(jié)題【難度等級(jí)】 簡(jiǎn)單【思路解析】第二段倒數(shù)第三行" Not one wants to listen to this. Very loud music can also be bad for your ears ”,可以得出 答案，選擇A80. We should turn down the music when we are alone because loud music .A) is not enjoyableB)makes us tiredC)is bad for MP3 playersD)hurts our ears【參考答案】D【

21、測(cè)量目標(biāo)】細(xì)節(jié)題【難度等級(jí)】 簡(jiǎn)單【思路解析】 根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第行 “ Very loud music can also be bad for your ears, so even if you are alone when listening to our MP3 player, you shouldn't have it turned up too high ”得出結(jié)論，選擇 D82. We can take once earphone out when we_A) show others the wayB)talk to friends on the phoneC)watch a

22、 sporting eventD)have dinner with our parents【參考答案】A【測(cè)量目標(biāo)】細(xì)節(jié)題【難度等級(jí)】 簡(jiǎn)單【思路解析】根據(jù)第四段的介紹我們可以排除C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)，A和B在原文中都有提及，但是原文中指的是 “answerthe telephone"這一短暫的動(dòng)作，而 B項(xiàng)是與朋友在"telephone"中聊天，是個(gè)延續(xù)性的動(dòng)作，故選擇 A三：10年中考題B. Choose the best answer恨據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選才I最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢?(7分)The waier lap was leaking (漏水)again, and the no

23、ise was driving Cassie crazy.Cassie looked at her watch. It was nearly nine o'clock. She climbed out of bed and stood on a chair by the shelf. Her mother's Mr Fix-It Book was on the top shelf. Cassie stepped down quietly. She read the book quickly until she found the page she was looking for

24、. and then began to read carefully.needed a hammer, a wrench, and several small things, it was no easy job for her to do theNext, Cassie opened a box in the kitchen and picked out the tools sherepair, and she tried several times. Finally, the water tap was in pieces. One by one. she carefully laid t

25、hem out on the table. That way she would know how they went back. While this was going on. her cat walked over to watch what she was doing.Cassie worked late into the night. At one point, she thought she was done. Oops! A small piece that she had forgotten still lay on the table. Slowly Cassie took

26、the water tap apart (分開(kāi))one more time. This time she made sure everything was in place. She turned the water tap on and then off. One. two. three. She waited a full minute. There was no leak! Cassie smiled and put the tools back into the box. Then she went back into bed.The next morning. Dad was in

27、the kitchen when Cassie got up."Notice anything. Dad?" she asked.He looked around and listened. "Hmm. something's missing. I can't find out what it is. Wait, it's too quiet in here! "That's right," Cassie said. "Something is missing. I fixed the water ta

28、p. It doesn't leak any more ” "Thai's my girl," Dad said. " It's a.good thing you are really like your mother. "78. The noise of was driving Cassic crazy.A) the tap B) her cat C) her father D) the clock【參考答案】A【測(cè)量目標(biāo)】細(xì)節(jié)題【難度等級(jí)】簡(jiǎn)單【思路解析】本文第句話：The waier lap was leaking (漏水)

29、again, and the noise was driving Cassie crazy.80. Cassie took the water tap apart again because.A) she had forgotten one pieceB) the tap was still leakingC) the cat had taken one piece awayD) she hadn't understood the book【參考答案】 A【測(cè)量目標(biāo)】細(xì)節(jié)題【難度等級(jí)】 中等【思路解析】從第四段的第三句和第四句可以得出答案：A small piece that she

30、had forgotten still lay on the table. SlowlyCassie took the water tap apart (分開(kāi))one more time.81. The water tap wasn't fixed until.A) nine o'clock B) late that night C) the next morningD) the next afternoon【參考答案】 B【測(cè)量目標(biāo)】細(xì)節(jié)題【難度等級(jí)】 中等【思路解析】 從第四段的第一句可以得出答案： A small piece that she had forgotten

31、still lay on the table. Slowly Cassie took the water tap apart (分開(kāi))one more time.此題考查的是時(shí)間，那么去文章中找的時(shí)候，可以看到ABC都出現(xiàn)過(guò)，一定要耐心的分析每個(gè)時(shí)間 Cassie都做了什么。91. In the end,fixed the water tap.A） Cassie's motherB） Cassie's father C） Mr. Fix-It D） Cassie【參考答案】D【測(cè)量目標(biāo)】細(xì)節(jié)題【難度等級(jí)】中等【思路解析】從第四段的倒數(shù)第三句可以得出答案：There was no

32、 leak!從文章最后 Cassie和她爸爸的對(duì)話中也可以得出答案四：2012年中考題D. Answer the questions （根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答下列問(wèn)題）（12分）It's March, 2050.Frank and Mary Smith wake up in their comfortable house in the morning and switch on the bedroom computer to get thenewspapers many years from Mars and scientistslatest news. They used to read

33、the Times, but changed to electronic ago.There is the usual news about space: another space flight has returned have discovered a new planet. Then they turn tobusiness news: the US dollar has risen greatly in Shanghai, one of the world's leading business centres. Mary tells the computer to buy 5

34、,000 dollars, and there is a quick response that it has been done.As they watch the screen, Mary orders one of the household robots to make coffee for them. Frank disappears into thestudy to join a video conference with his partners around the world. He is a computer engineer, working for several co

35、mpanies. This is his third job: he used to be in marketing and then television.Mary has a quick look at the shopping channels - the usual selection of electric cars, household robots and cheap travel offers - before picking up the video phone to talk to her assistant. She also has a job and she is d

36、oing medical research. Both she and Frank used to have an office desk in London, but in 2014 they decided to move to the seaside and work from home.Frank and Mary have one daughter, Louise, who also has her own workstation at home. She goes to school only one day a week, mainly to play with other st

37、udents. Classrooms disappeared in 2030because there was no longer any need for them: communications systems have made it much easier to learn at home.Louise, now thirteen, is studying Chinese at present, which has become a world language asimportant as English. Louise has many Chinese friends. They

38、communicate by computer.According to the family doctor, Louise will live to at least 130. Her wish is to work for afew decades （十年）and then spend her time on music and painting.93. Why do Frank and Mary switch on the bedroom computer in the morning?Because they 分析：考查了對(duì)why引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的回答（細(xì)節(jié)題） 。該題提問(wèn)的是&quo

39、t;why",提問(wèn)對(duì)象為目的或原因，通過(guò)關(guān)鍵詞" Frank and Mary switch on the bedroom computer "可以定 位原文 “Frank and Mary Smith wake up in their comfortable house in the morning and switch on the bedroom computer to get the latest news."所以答案初定為 to get the latest news.但是考慮到問(wèn)題中已經(jīng)給予了"because they",

40、考慮到兩點(diǎn)：時(shí)態(tài)和動(dòng)詞。最終答案為Because they want to get the latest news.94. Does Mary read space news or business news?分析：本題較難，考察對(duì)選擇疑問(wèn)句的回答（細(xì)節(jié)題） 。通過(guò)仔細(xì)觀察題意，可確定為選擇疑問(wèn)句，而非一般疑問(wèn)句，通過(guò)關(guān)鍵詞 “space "和"business”可以定位原文 “There is the usual news about space: another space flight has returned from Mars and scientists hav

41、e discovered a new planet. Then they turn to business news: the US dollar has risen greatly in Shanghai, one of the world's leading business centres.”發(fā)現(xiàn)兩者都有提到，所以可確定答案為Both95. Who makes coffee for Mary and Frank?分析：本題考察了對(duì) who引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的回答（細(xì)節(jié)題）。該題提問(wèn)的是“who”,提問(wèn)對(duì)象為人物。通過(guò)關(guān)鍵詞“makescoffee ” 可以可以定位原文 “ Mary

42、 orders one of the household robots to make coffee for them.” 輕易找至U答案96. How does Frank work with others from home?分析：本題較難?？疾炝藢?duì) how引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的回答（細(xì)節(jié)題）此題要注意兩點(diǎn)：1.要弄清楚"others"指代的是"his partners around the world" 2.要明白是"work with "而不是"work"。 弄清楚這兩點(diǎn)，課較易找至U原文“ Frank dis

43、appears into the study to join a video conference with his partners around the world.”答案中要保留“ by”，這是“ how”的固定回答方式。97. What are the two world languages in 2050?分析：此題考察了對(duì) what引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的回答（細(xì)節(jié)題）。通過(guò)關(guān)鍵詞"world languages”可定位原文"Louise, nowthirteen, is studying Chinese at present, which has become a

44、world language as important as English." 可輕易確定答案五：2011年中考題E. Aniwer the question.（根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，回答下面問(wèn)題，14分）Helen Monson has always been interested in helping her community. Her first volunteer experience was for the American Red Cross when she was in high school. When she was a school teacher, she als

45、o found time to volunteer. One year, she organized a Super Saturday fun day for kids in the community. She also used to volunteer at the Mint Festival every year.One summer she served food, another year she organized an art programme.After she retired, she started volunteering to help the old. When

46、her father was older, he was not able to see as well as he used to, which made her sad because he had always enjoyed reading. She decided it would be fun to read to elderly people in her community. She also helped one woman write her stories. Ann was almost 100 years old, and Helen wrote down inform

47、ation about her life when she visited her. She put the information in a book and got it published. Ann was very excited to share her life story with her children and grandchildren.After a hurricane （颶風(fēng)）destroyed some southern cities, Helen volunteered again for the American Red Cross. She prepared f

48、ood and answered phones in a care centre. She says," 1 have always liked the Red Cross because the organization helps people in need no matter what."One day Helen read an article in the newspaper about refugees（難民）who needed to learn englishi. Now.she meets once a week with Sahra, a 38-yea

49、r-old woman from Somalia. Sahra is living and working in a town about 30 minutes' walk from where Helen lives. They work on reading and writing skills. Helen gave Sahra a camera and asked her to take pictures of her daily life .She developed the pictures, and then asked Sahra questions about the

50、m .In the end, they wrote a book together and used the photos in the book. This helped Sahra learn many new words about her everyday life.Helen says, "The most rewarding （有益的）確 part of volunteer work is becoming friends with the people I help. They enrich my life as well as I enrich theirs.&quo

51、t;99 . When was Helen's first volunteer experience for the American Red Cross?【參考答案】When he was in high school【考查內(nèi)容】 細(xì)節(jié)題【難度等級(jí)】簡(jiǎn)單【思路解析】第一段第二行 "Her first volunteer experience was for the American Red Cross when she was in highschool.”可以得出正確答案100 .What did Helen do after she retired?【參考答案】She

52、started volunteering to help the old【考查內(nèi)容】 細(xì)節(jié)題【難度等級(jí)】簡(jiǎn)單【思路解析】根據(jù)第二段第一句話"After she retired, she started volunteering to help the old ”可以得出正確答案101 .Why was Ann excited when her book got published?【參考答案】Because she shared her life story with her children and grandchildren【考查內(nèi)容】 細(xì)節(jié)題【難度等級(jí)】 簡(jiǎn)單【思路解析】 根據(jù)

53、第二段的最后一句話 "She put the information in a book and got it published. Ann was very excited to share her life story with her children and grandchildren ” 可以得出正確答案102 .Where did Helen work when she volunteered again for the American Red Cross?【參考答案】 She worked in a care centre【考查內(nèi)容】 細(xì)節(jié)題【難度等級(jí)】 簡(jiǎn)單【思路解

54、析】根據(jù)原文第三段的第二句話" She prepared food and answered phones in a care centre”可以得出正確103 .How far is Sahra living and working from Helen's home?【參考答案】It's about 30 minutes' walk【考查內(nèi)容】 細(xì)節(jié)題【難度等級(jí)】簡(jiǎn)單【思路解析】根據(jù)第四段的第二句話“Sahra is living and working in a town about 30 minutes' walk from where Hel

55、enlives.”得出正確答案104 . Did Helen help Sahra to learn English?【參考答案】Yes, she did【考查內(nèi)容】 細(xì)節(jié)題【難度等級(jí)】簡(jiǎn)單【思路解析】根據(jù)原文第四段的詳細(xì)介紹“ This helped Sahra learn many new words about her everyday life."可以得出結(jié)論六：2010年中考題E.Answer the questions（根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答下列問(wèn)題）:（14分）Mary Donaldson is worried about her 16-year-old daughter,

56、Sophia. Six months ago. Sophia came back from a party, upset and unhappy. From then on, she thinks of nothing but how to lose weight and become beautiful. She refuses to eat and keeps on doing exercise. Sophia had always been a little heavy, so when he decided to go on a diet, Mary encouraged her. S

57、he felt that her daughter would look more attractive if she lost 10 kilograms. However, Sophia has lost over 20 kilograms until now. Her eating and exercising habits are having a harmful effect on her health. She is too thin and is often sick.Her mother is trying to prevent her from going on a diet

58、and losing weight, but Sophia thinks that she is still too heavy and refuses to start eating as usual. Sophia's mind is full of the idea of looking like a model （模特）.Every day she goes to a club to do exercise. When she is not there, she spends her time reading magazines like Fashion & Beaut

59、y （時(shí)尚與美 ）.The models in these magazines are very thin and beautiful. Sophia says. "If I look like these models, I will be happy and all the boys will like me"Mary doesn't know how to help her daughter. She feels sorry for having encouraged her at first, because Sophia no longer feels good or pleased with her body. She's afraid that Sophia will never be happy if she keeps comparin