英美報刊選讀模擬卷

1、英美報刊選讀 模擬卷考試形式：閉卷考試時間： 90 分鐘I. Translate the following terms into Chinese.( 301 Blue Berets×1= 30 )poll43. same-sex marriage5. property tax7. elevated highways9. cellular phoneII. Translate the following sentences. ( 5×6= 30 )superhighway10. talk show discount storelong as people feel emba

2、rrassed, restrained or openly criticized for using a particular language, it' s only n atural for them to want to avoid continuing todo what' s causing a negative response, whether it ' s something overt like having your mouth washed out or more subtle like discrimination.the United Stat

3、es and Australia in past decades, the government forced nativepeoples to abandon their languages through vehicles such as boarding schools that punished youth for speaking a traditional tongue.the time of last week' s election, she had won over all but the most partisan ofcritics.messaging is be

4、ing used effectively by two colleges in West Yorkshire as a way of communicating with students. As well as sending them reminders about lessons and dealines, the phones are being used for learning games and revision exercises.meeting certainly produced more than the usual photo ops and spin and itsp

5、articipants did not go away yelling at one another as they have in the past.VIII. Reading Comprehension ( 20× 2=40)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Shee

6、t.Passage one: Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race PrejudiceIn some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to be taken for granted as a means of solving differences, that it is not even questioned. There are countries

7、where the white man imposes his rule by brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by lootingand pillaging. Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in favor of violence as if it

8、were a legitimate solution, like any other. What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged. Th

9、e whole of the recorded history of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that violence never solves a problem but makes it more acute. The sheer horror, the bloodshed, the suffering mean nothing. No solution ever comes to l

10、ight the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us.Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races, we must appreciate each other 's problems. And to do this, we must learn about them: it is a simple exercise in communicat

11、ion, in exchanging information. Talk, talk, talk, ' the advocates of violence say, all you ever do is talk, and we are none the wiser. ' It 's rather like the story of the famous barrister who painsta kingly explained his case to the judge. After listening to a lengthy argument the judge

12、 complained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser. Possible, my lord, ' the barrister replied, none the wiser, but surely far better informed. ' Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom: the knowledge that violence creates the evils it pretends to solve.1. What is the best

13、 title for this passageA) Advocating Violence.B) Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice.C) Important People on Both Sides See Violence As a Legitimate Solution.D) The Instincts of Human Race Are Thirsty for Violence.2. Recorded history has taught us A) violence never solves anything.B) n

14、othing.C) the bloodshed means nothing. D) everything.3. It can be inferred that truly reasonable men A) can 't get a hearing.B) are looked down upon.C) are persecuted. D) Have difficulty in advocating law enforcement.4. “He was none the wiser ” means A) he was not at all wise in listening.B) He

15、was not at all wiser than nothing before.C) He gains nothing after listening.D) He makes no sense of the argument.5. According the author the best way to solve race prejudice is A) law enforcement. B) knowledge.C) nonviolence.D) Mopping up the violent mess.Passage two: Questions 1 to 5 are based on

16、the following passage.THE elephants of Thailand used never to be short of work hauling timber. But most of the country's forests have been cut down, and logging is now banned to save the few that are left. The number of domesticated elephants left in the country is now only 2,500 or so, down fro

17、m about 100,000 a century ago. Though being the national animal of Thailand earns an elephant plenty of respect, this does not put grass on the table. Thai elephants these days take tourists on treks or perform in circuses, and are sometimes to be seen begging for bananas on the streets of Bangkok.S

18、ome of the 46 elephants living at the Thai Elephant Conservation Centre, a former government logging camp near Lampang, have found a new life in music. The Thai Elephant Orchestra is the creation of two Americans, Richard Lair, who has worked with Asian elephants for 23 years, and David Soldier, a m

19、usician and neuroscientist with a taste for the avant- garde. They provided six of the center ' s elephants, aged seven to 18, with a variety of percussion and wind instruments.Those familiar with Thai instruments will recognize the slit drums, the gong, the bow bass, the xylophone-like rants, a

20、s well as the thunder sheet. The only difference is that the elephant versions are a bit sturdier.The elephants are given a cue to start and then they improvise. They clearly have a strong sense of rhythm. They flap their ears to the beat, swish their tails and generally rock back and forth. Somea d

21、d to the melody with their own trumpeting. Elephant mood-music could have a commercial future, Mr. Soldier believes. He has even produced a CD on the Mulatta label-it is available at 13elephant tracks. It is real elephant music, he says, with only the human noises removed by sound engineers. But is

22、it music Bob Halliday, music critic of the Bangkok Post, says it is. He commendst he elephants for being "so communicative". Anyone not knowing that it was elephant music, he says, would assume that humans were playing.Some of the elephants in the band have also tried their hand at paintin

23、g, tending to favor the abstract over the representational style. Their broad-stroke acrylic paintings last year helped raise some $25,000 at a charity auction at Christie's in New York, and a London gallery has also taken some of their work. These art sales, together with profits from the CD, a

24、re helping to keep the centre going. A second CD is on the way. It will be less classical, more pop.1. The elephants of Thailand now are short of the work they used to do becauseA) they are trained to take tourists on trek.B) they are trained to play music.C) the forest-cutting is illegalD) there is

25、 not enough timber for them to haul.2. The author ' s attitude towards these elephants is A) astonished B) indescribable C) supportive D) appreciative3. The two American created the Orchestra in order to A) earn money B) protect elephantsC) enjoy themselves D) none of the above4. “ trumpet ” in

26、the 3rd paragraph refers to A) jump B) shriekC) moveD) shake5. The elephants do not make money from A) getting charity from visitorsB) selling their paintingsC) selling their own CDsD) all their entertainment workPassage three: Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Federal Reserve Syst

27、em, central banking system of the United States, popularly called the Fed. A central bank serves as the banker to both the banking community and the government; it also issues the national currency, conducts monetary policy, and plays a major role in supervision and regulation of banks and bank hold

28、ing companies. In the . these functions are the responsibilities of key officials of the Federal Reserve System: the Board of Governors, located in Washington, ., and the top officers of the 12 district Federal Reserve banks, located throughout the nation. The Fed ' s actions, described below, g

29、enerally have a significant effect on the . interest rates and, subsequently, on stock, bond, and other financial markets.The Federal Reserve ' s basic powers are concentrated in the Board of Governors, which is paramount in all policy issues concerning bank regulation and supervision and in mos

30、t aspects of monetary control. The board enunciates the Fed' s policies on both monetary and banking matters. Because the board is not an operating agency, most of the day-to-day implementation of policies decisions is left to the district Federal Reserve banks, stock in which is owned by the co

31、mmercial banks that are members of the Federal Reserve System. Ownership in this instance, however, does not imply control the Board of Governors and the heads of the Reserve banks orient their policies to the public interest rather than to the benefit of the private banking system.The . banking sys

32、tem ' s regulatory apparatus is complex; the authority of theFederal Reserve is shared in some instances for example, in mergers or the examination of banks with other federal agencies such as the Comptroller of theCurrency and the Federal Deposit Insurance Cooperation (FDIC). In the critical ar

33、ea of regulating the nation ' s money supply in accordance with national economic goals, however, the Federal Reserve is independent within the government. Income and expenditures of the Federal Reserve banks and of the Board of Governors are notReserve is subject is self-financing. bank holding

34、s of Outlays ($ billion to the governmentsubject to the congressional appropriation process; the Federal to the congressional appropriation process; the Federal Reserve Its income ($ billion in 1992) comes mainly from Reserve income-earning securities, primarily those of the . government. in 1992) a

35、re mostly for operational expenses in providing services and for expenditures connected with regulation and monetary policy. In 1992 the Federal Reserve returned $ billion in earnings to the . Treasury.Fed of the United StatesA) functions as China BankB) is the counterpart of People' s Bank of C

36、hinaC) is subject to the banking community and governmentD) has 13 top officers who can influence the American financial market fact that stock in the Fed belongs to commercial banks.A) doesn ' t mean the latter is in controlB) means the latter is in cC) means the latter is subjected to the Rese

37、rve banksD) means the Rese rve banks orient the latter' s policiesof the following statements is NOT true according to the passage A) The Fed is a very big, complex and significant system which comprises many local banks.B) All the commercial banks are not the components of Federal Reserve Syste

38、m.C) Board of Governors is the supreme policy-makers of Federal Reserve System.D) District Reserve banks rather than Board of Governors perform the day to day policies.4. The authority of the Federal Reserve.A) has to be shared with other establishmentsisB) is exclusive at other timesC) isn ' t

39、limited by comptroller of the Currency and FDICD) is limited by Board of Governors5. Income of the Board of Governors.A) is borrowed from the . TreasuryB) is used by the government to make various policiesC) comes from the . Treasury D) is not granted by the governmentPassage four: Questions 1 to 5

40、are based on the following passage.Joy and sadness are experienced by people in all cultures around the world, but how can we tell when other people are happy or despondent It turns out that the expression of many emotions may be universal. Smiling is apparently a universal sign of friendliness and

41、approval. Baring the teeth in a hostile way, as noted by Charles Darwin in the nineteenth century, may be a universe sign of anger. As the originator of the theory of evolution, Darwin believed that the universal recognition of facial expressions would have survival value. For example, facial expres

42、sions could signal the approach of enemies (or friends) in the absence of language.Most investigators concur that certain facial expressions suggest the same emotions in a people. Moreover, people in diverse cultures recognize the emotions manifested by the facial expressions. In classic research Pa

43、ul Ekman took photographs of people exhibiting the emotions of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, and sadness. He then asked people around the world to indicate what emotionswerebeing depicted in them. Those queried ranged from European college students to members of the Fore, a tribe that dwells in t

44、he New Guinea highlands. All groups including the Fore, whohad almost no contact with Western culture, agreed on theportrayed emotions. The Fore also displayed familiar facial expressions when asked how they would respond if they were the characters in stories that called for basic emotional respons

45、es. Ekman and his colleagues more recently obtained similar results in astudy of ten cultures in which participantswere permitted to reportthat multiple emotions were shown by facial expressions. The participants generally agreed on which two emotionswere being shown and which emotion was more inten

46、se.Psychological researchers generally recognize that facial expressions reflect emotional states. In fact, various emotional states give rise to certain patterns of electrical activity in the facial muscles and in the brain. The facial-feedback hypothesis argues, however, that the causal relationsh

47、ip between emotions and facial expressions can also work in the opposite direction. According to this hypothesis, signals from the facial muscles ("feedback") are sent back to emotion centers of the brain, and so a person's facial expression can influence that person's emotional st

48、ate. Consider Darwin's words: "The free expression by outward signs of an emotion intensifies it. On the other hand, the repression, as far as possible, of all outward signs softens our emotions." Can smiling give rise to feelings of good will, for example, and frowning to angerPsychol

49、ogical research has given rise to some interesting findings concerning the facial-feedback hypothesis. Causing participants in experiments to smile, for example, leads them to report more positive feelings and to rate cartoons (humorous drawings of people or situations) as being more humorous. When

50、they are caused to frown, they rate cartoons as being more aggressive.What are the possible links between facial expressions and emotion One link is arousal, which is the level of activity or preparedness for activity in an organism. Intense contraction of facial muscles, such as those used in signi

51、fying fear, heightens arousal. Self-perception of heightened arousal then leads to heightened emotional activity. Other links may involve changes in brain temperature and the release of neurotransmitters (substances that transmit nerve impulses.) The contraction of facial muscles both influences the

52、 internal emotional state and reflects it. Ekman has found that the so-called Duchenne smile, which is characterized by "crow's feet" wrinkles around the eyes and a subtle drop in the eye cover fold so that the skin above the eye moves down slightly toward the eyeball, can lead to plea

53、sant feelings.Ekman's observation may be relevant to the British expression "keep a stiff upper lip" as a recommendation for handling stress. It might be that a "stiff" lip suppresses emotional response-as long as the lip is not quivering with fear or tension. But when the emotion that leads to stiffening the lip is more intense, and involves strong muscle tension, facial feedback may heighten emotional response.1. The word despondent in the passage is closest in meaning to A) cu