上海牛津版七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)Unit1知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解歸納

1、上海牛津版七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)Unitl知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解歸納Unit 1 Relatives in Beijing知識(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)Welcome to BeijingReadingfPlanning a trip to BeijingLucy's holiday plListening and speakingngUnit 1知識(shí)清單重點(diǎn)1 .掌握現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，并能運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)描述過(guò)去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的事件。2 .掌握用形容詞比較級(jí)描述事物和物品。3 .學(xué)習(xí)并掌握表示方位的詞組。4 .用how引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句提問(wèn)5 .書(shū)信的寫(xiě)作格式。難點(diǎn)1 .運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)描述已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情。2 .語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的遷移應(yīng)用。易

2、錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1 .方位名詞表達(dá)方向。2 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的使用。高頻考點(diǎn)1 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和be going to結(jié)構(gòu)。2 .運(yùn)用形容詞比較級(jí)比較事物。詞匯清單牛津詞匯invitev.邀請(qǐng)brickn.石專(zhuān)expensiveadj.昂貴的stonen.石頭；石料；巖石talk to說(shuō)話；講話；談話mountainn.高山；山岳*brochuren.資料手冊(cè)ancientadj.古老的agentn.代理人；經(jīng)紀(jì)人historyn.歷史soonadv.不久；很快；馬上interestn.吸引力；趣味at the end of在（八月）底holidayn.假期(August)*swann”wonderfuladj

3、.精彩的；令人高興的raisev.提升；舉起anotherpron.另一（事物或人）nationaladj.國(guó)家的於知識(shí)梳理第一部分：詞匯精講1. invite v.邀請(qǐng)I ' ve invited the Smiths to visit us next Friday.我已經(jīng)邀請(qǐng)史密斯一家下周五來(lái)家里玩?！径陶Z(yǔ)】invite sb. to do sth.【聯(lián)想記憶】invitation n.邀請(qǐng)函；請(qǐng)柬Hundreds of invitations are being sent out this week.本周數(shù)百?gòu)堈?qǐng)貼正在發(fā)生。區(qū)另U invite 和 invent區(qū)別發(fā)音：invi

4、te ?i'vatinvent ?i'vent區(qū)別詞義：invent vt.發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造 【聯(lián)想記憶】invention n.發(fā)明物 inventor n.發(fā)明者He invented the first electric clock.他發(fā)明了 第一個(gè)電子鐘。2. expensive adj. 昂貴的I think international calls are very expensive.我認(rèn)為國(guó)際長(zhǎng)途費(fèi)用很高?！窘x】dear adj.昂貴的【反義】cheap adj.便宜點(diǎn)I would choose the cheaper one.我還是選擇稍便宜點(diǎn)的那個(gè)吧！價(jià)格高低表

5、達(dá)法The price of the maglev is very , isn ' t it ?A. high B. cheapC. expensive D. dear【答案】A注：價(jià)格是高低，東西是貴賤The price is high/low. The thing is expensive/cheap.3. talk to與某人談話=talk with sb.He stopped to talk to me when seeing me. 看到我的時(shí)候，他停下來(lái)和我說(shuō)話。talk, speak, say, tell 的區(qū)別 say一般作及物動(dòng)詞用，著重說(shuō)話的內(nèi)容，它的賓語(yǔ)可以是名詞

6、，代詞或賓語(yǔ)從句。He can say his name.他會(huì)說(shuō)他的名字。Please say it in English. 請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)說(shuō)。She' s saying "Don' t draw on theWOl蛻 別在墻上畫(huà)”。 speak強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)的動(dòng)作，不強(qiáng)調(diào)所說(shuō)的內(nèi)容。作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，常以某種語(yǔ)言作賓語(yǔ)。作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，常見(jiàn)的搭配形式有 ：speak of something/somebody談到某事（某人）speak to sb.跟某人講話,此外speak還可用于在較為正式的場(chǎng)合的演講或演說(shuō)。Can you speak Japanese?你會(huì)說(shuō)日語(yǔ)嗎？She is

7、speaking to her teacher.她正在跟她的老師說(shuō)話。He spoke at the meeting yesterday.他昨天在會(huì)上講了 話。 talk 一般為不及物動(dòng)詞，意思是交談，談話，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)兩者之間的相互對(duì)話。She is talking with Lucy in English. 她正在和露茜用英語(yǔ)交談。What are you talking about? 你們?cè)谡務(wù)撌裁矗縏he teacher is talking to him. 老正在和他談話。 tell常作及物動(dòng)詞，意為講述、告訴，動(dòng)詞常跟雙賓語(yǔ)。tell sb. sth = tell sth to sb.

8、告訴某人某He is telling the children a story.他正在給孩子們講一個(gè)故事。Did you tell her the news? = Did you tell the news to her? 你把這個(gè)消息告訴她了 嗎?4. brochure n.資料手冊(cè)I ' ll send you the brochure right away.我會(huì)馬上把資料手冊(cè)給你寄過(guò)去5. agent n.代理人；經(jīng)紀(jì)人He is now an agent.他現(xiàn)在是一名代理人?！韭?lián)想記憶】agency n.代理處【拓展】travel agent; travel agency6.

9、soon adv.不久;彳艮，快;馬上He will come back soon. 他很快就會(huì)回來(lái)。7. at the end of (August) 在(八月)底【反義】 at the beginning of【比較】at the end; at last; in the end 比較學(xué)習(xí)。8. swan n.天鵝This love story is about a swan prince and a swan princess.這是關(guān)于一個(gè)天鵝王子和一個(gè)天鵝公主的愛(ài)情故事。9. raise vt. 提升，舉起He raised his arms above his head.他把手臂舉過(guò)

10、頭頂。比較 raise & riseraise 為 vt.rise 為 vi.The sun rises in the east.太陽(yáng)從東方升起。10. national adj.國(guó)家的The national news comes after the international news. 國(guó)內(nèi)新聞在國(guó)際新聞之后報(bào)道?！韭?lián)想記憶】nationality n.國(guó)籍international adj.國(guó)際的nationn.國(guó)家nativeadj.當(dāng)?shù)氐?1. brick n.而專(zhuān)The wall is built of bricks and stones.這堵墻是石專(zhuān)石砌成的。12. s

11、tone n.石頭；石料；巖石This is a stone building.這是一座石料建筑物。13. mountain n.高山；山岳Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world.珠穆朗瑪是世界上最高的山峰。【聯(lián)想記憶】mountainous adj.多山的14. ancient adj.古老的Have you ever read about ancient Rome? 你讀過(guò)關(guān)于古羅馬的故事嗎？15. history n.歷史History is my favourite subject at school.歷史是我在學(xué)校中最喜愛(ài)的學(xué)科

12、。【聯(lián)想記憶】historical adj.歷史上的；有關(guān)歷史的，修飾的人或事都是過(guò)去的真人真事a historical play 一部歷史劇historic adj.有歷史意義的，指奧地具有悠久歷史或莫事被載入史冊(cè)。a congress of historic significance具有歷史意義的大會(huì)history n.歷史。是過(guò)去發(fā)生的真事。story n.故事。敘述的事是過(guò)去的，但不一定發(fā)生過(guò)。16. interest n.吸引力；趣味；利潤(rùn)I found no interest in such things.我對(duì)這些不感興趣。【聯(lián)想記憶】interestv.使感興趣intereste

13、d adj.感興趣的；有興趣的interesting adj. 有趣的17. holiday n.假期We really enjoyed our holiday. 我們假期玩得很開(kāi)心。18. wonderful adj.精彩的；令人高興的After a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang songs by the campfire.一頓美餐之后，他們就圍著營(yíng)火講故事、唱歌。19. another pron.另一（事物或人）I would like another day to rest.我想再休息一天。比較 one the other 與 on

14、e another前者表示只有兩樣?xùn)|西，除了一個(gè)，就是另一個(gè)，所知的東西確定；后者表示所存在的物體多于兩個(gè)，所知的東西不確定。There ' s not a thing in his left hand. What about the other?他左手什么東西也沒(méi)有。另一只手呢？（一共就兩只手，除了一只就是另一只。）This jacket doesn ' t fit me well. Show me another, please.夾克不適合我。再拿一件給我看看。（商店里的服裝不止一件，試完一件，再試剩下的許多件中的一件。）第二部分：重點(diǎn)句型1. I haven't

15、seen my cousins befOrfe.前沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)我的堂弟、 堂妹before在本句中是個(gè)副詞，意為 在之前，在 以前”的意思，用于引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。They haven ' t been to the USA before#們以前沒(méi)有去過(guò)美國(guó)。2. It ' s cheaper and more interestin穌火車(chē)）更便宜，而且更有趣?！颈容^】cheap和interesting兩個(gè)形容詞的比較級(jí)的不同之處。3. Let ' s talk to Mum and Kitty,；們跟媽媽還有凱蒂談?wù)劙?！talk to 意為 與交談"。我們通常用tal

16、k to sb.或talk with sb.來(lái)表示 與交談”的含義。They taught the little boy not to talk to strangers. 他們教育小男孩不要和陌生人說(shuō)話。4. I ' m going to get some brochures from the travel agent打算至防長(zhǎng)行社代理人那里拿些/卜冊(cè)子。本例中，getfrom,意為 從處得到”。I get my pocket money of 200 yuan every month from my mother.我每月可從媽媽那兒拿到200 元零用錢(qián)。5. Yes, we 

17、9; d like to travel to Beijing by plane!的，我們想坐飛機(jī)去北京。(1) would like to do sth.意為 想要做奧事”，相當(dāng)于 want to do sth.I ' d like to have a swim in the sea.我想去海里游泳。(=I want to have a swim in the sea.)(2)travel to 到“旅游”，相當(dāng)于 have a trip to We will travel to Hainan Island this summer. 這個(gè)夏天想我們將去海南島旅游。(相當(dāng)于 We wil

18、l have a trip to Hainan Island this summer.)6. How long does it take to travel from Garden City to Beijing by plane?從花園城坐飛機(jī)去北京要多久？how long引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句詢(xún)問(wèn)“時(shí)間)多久”，How long will it take you to go to school?你去學(xué)校要多久？易混辨析：how long與how farhow long多長(zhǎng)”，指時(shí)間上的長(zhǎng)短，通常用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)時(shí)間。How long does it take you to get to the airp

19、ort? 你需要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)？how far多遠(yuǎn)”，指路程的遠(yuǎn)近，通常用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)距離。How far is it from the school to your home? 從學(xué)校至4你家有多遠(yuǎn)？【注】如果孩子成績(jī)較好，可幫孩子繼續(xù)拓展總結(jié)how long, how soon, how fast, how far之間的區(qū)別7. How much does it cost?這要多少錢(qián)？how much引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)“(價(jià)格)多少”。How much does this pen cost?這支鋼筆多少錢(qián)?【注】帶學(xué)生比較記憶cost, spend, pay, take8. We 

20、9; re going to visit Beijing on 16 August.我們計(jì)戈【J 8 月 16 日去游覽北京。on 16 August是指 在8月16日”。在具體的日期之前用介詞on。9. The Li family has arrived in Beijing. 李先生一家到達(dá)了 北京。（1） the Li family 指李先生一家”。本例中的family為單數(shù)，強(qiáng)調(diào) 家人；家庭”。而有時(shí)family也可 以表示家庭成員工此時(shí)它是一個(gè)集合名詞，視作復(fù)數(shù)。【比較】 His family are all waiting for him.他的家人都在等他。（指家人）My fami

21、ly is large.我的家是一個(gè)大家庭。（指家庭）（2） arrive in意為 到達(dá)”。要注意與arrive at的區(qū)別。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，arrive in后跟國(guó)家、城鎮(zhèn)等地名，arrive at后常跟學(xué)校、機(jī)場(chǎng)、工廠等表示場(chǎng)所或地方的詞?！颈容^】Flight NO. BA 4793 will arrive in London at 16:50.英國(guó)航空公司的4793號(hào)航班將于16時(shí)50分抵達(dá)倫敦。You must arrive at the airport two hours before the departure time.你必須在飛機(jī)起飛前兩個(gè)小時(shí)到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)。10. It is in t

22、he north-west of Beijing.它（頤和園）位于北京的西北部。in the north-west of是 在西北部”的意思。11. Tourists can see swans swimming on the lake.游客們可以見(jiàn)至fj天鵝在湖面上游泳。see sb/sth doing sth是 看到正在做奧事”的意思。試比較： see sb/sth do sth & see sb/sth doing sth前者強(qiáng)調(diào)看到了動(dòng)作整個(gè)過(guò)程，而后者強(qiáng)調(diào)看到了動(dòng)作的一個(gè)片段。I saw them playing football when I passed the play

23、ground.走過(guò)操場(chǎng)的時(shí)候，我看到他們正在踢足球。（強(qiáng)調(diào)在過(guò)操場(chǎng)的那個(gè)時(shí)刻所看到的東西）I saw them play football all afternoon yesterday.昨天我看到他們踢了 一下午足球。12. People built it a long time ago with bricks and stones.很久以前人們用石專(zhuān)和石頭建造了它（指長(zhǎng)城） with在本例中是 用”的意思，后面常常加工具”?！净貞洝縲ith的常見(jiàn)含義：a）和一起；b）有；擁有；帶有c）用；使用13. It can hold more than one million people.它（指天

24、安門(mén)廣場(chǎng)）可以容納一百多萬(wàn)人。more than是超過(guò)；多于”的意思，與over （超過(guò)）意思相近。14. The children are planning to visit different places of interest in Beijing.孩子們正打算參觀北京不同的名勝古跡。1) plan to do sth是 打算做”的意思；2) a place of interest是 名勝古跡”的意思。15. She is writing a letter to her cousin, Lucy.凱蒂正在給她的堂妹露西寫(xiě)信。write a letter to sb.是給寫(xiě)信”的意思，我

25、們可以簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)成write to sb.I ' ll write to you again, Laura.勞拉，我還會(huì)再給你寫(xiě)信的。16. Ben and I had a wonderful time in Beijing. 我和本在北京玩得很開(kāi)心。have a wonderful time 與 have a very good time 以及 enjoy oneself (復(fù)數(shù)：enjoy ourselves) 意思相近，都表示 玩得很高興；過(guò)得很愉快。 ”Did you have a good time/ enjoy yourself last week in Beijing?上個(gè)

26、星期你在北京玩得開(kāi)心嗎？第三部分：語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥1 .形容詞比較級(jí)將兩個(gè)人物或事物進(jìn)行比較，表示較”或 更”要用比較級(jí)，其構(gòu)成方式簡(jiǎn)單敘述如下:構(gòu)成法原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)單音節(jié)詞末尾+er和+estgreatgreatergreatest單音節(jié)詞以e結(jié)尾，只+r和+stnicewisenicerwisernicestwisest重讀閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個(gè)車(chē)輪字母，bigbiggerbiggest須先雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)本輪字母，再 +er和+esthothotterhottest少數(shù)以y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)形容詞，如 y前為本需音字happyhappierhappiest母,貝U變y為i,再+er和+esteasye

27、asiereasiest其他雙首下詞和多首下詞前加more和 mostcarefulbeautifulmore carefulmore beautifulmost carefulmost beautiful不規(guī)則變化goodbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstwell川manymoremostfarfartherfarthestmuchfurtherfurthestoldolderoldestlittlelessleasteldereldest2 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has +動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞（2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法：a）表示動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完

28、成。常有以下?tīng)钫Z(yǔ)（ always, yet, just, now, recently, lately , today 等）。例如：I have finished my work today.He has bought a new bike recently.b）表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作：一度（once）、曾經(jīng)（ever）、未曾（never）。例如：I have seen the play twice.一Have you ever studied Greek ?一 No, never.c）可以表示由過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（也許可繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去）的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與 for, since引導(dǎo)的時(shí) 間狀語(yǔ)連用，或與

29、“how 10ng連用。例如：I have collected the coins for many years.Margaret has studied ballet since she was a child.*注意：用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示延續(xù)的概念時(shí)，只能用含延續(xù)意義的動(dòng)詞，不可用瞬間動(dòng)詞。例如：His grandfather has died for ages.（誤）His grandfather has been dead for ages.（正）His grandfather died ages ago.（正）It is ages since his grandfather died.（

30、正）常用的瞬間動(dòng)詞有：arrive, become, begin, borrow, buy, close, come, die, fall, finish , get up,go, hear, join, leave, open, reach, receive, see, stop, start等。瞬間動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞有時(shí)可以轉(zhuǎn)換瞬間動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞瞬間動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞瞬間動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞arrive herebe herebegin/startbe onbecomebebuyhaveborrowkeepcome herebe herecatch a coldhave a colddiebe dea

31、dfall 川be illfinish/endbe overgo outbe outget tobe injoinbe a member ofleavebe away fromturn onbe ond）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中 have gone to 表示去了某處，人在所去的地方或途中；have been to 表示去過(guò)某處，但現(xiàn)在不在那里，have been in 表示一直在某處。Mark has gone to Beijing .馬克到北京去了。She has been in Shanghai for a year 她在上海待了一年。He has been to Japan only once 他

32、只去過(guò)日本一次。3 .表方位的介詞短語(yǔ)在生活中，表示方位的通常有四個(gè)正向和四個(gè)偏向，如下：北 north西W匕 north-west東 east西 west南 south東南 south-east西南 south-west東W匕 north-east【比較】in the ; on the ; oo the ofA is in the ofB A在B的內(nèi)部某方位。Shanghai is in the east of China.上海在中國(guó)的東部。A is on the of B表示A與B是接壤的關(guān)系。Zhejiang is on the south of Jiangsu. 浙江在江蘇的南面。A

33、is to the 10fB兩地不接壤，有相隔開(kāi)的海等。Japan is to the east of China.日本在中國(guó)的東面。（有海相隔）經(jīng)典例題【詞匯篇】例1. ()填空，補(bǔ)全下面的文章。Tian ' anmen Square is the centre of Beijing. It is a huge open area. can hold more than(一百萬(wàn))people. Every morning, tourists can see soldiers(升起)the Chinese(國(guó)旗)in the square.【考點(diǎn)】介詞的表達(dá)和詞匯的應(yīng)用【解析】介詞短語(yǔ)

34、in the centre of,教師可適當(dāng)拓展其他表方位的介詞短語(yǔ)。see sb. doing sth表示看到某人正在做某事。該文章來(lái)源于牛津版教科書(shū)第一單元，看似簡(jiǎn)單的文章挖空后，會(huì)將學(xué)生平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)習(xí) 以為常而實(shí)際薄弱的知識(shí)點(diǎn)凸顯由來(lái)。【答案】in ； one million; raising; national flag例 2. () Mary shows great(interesting) in computers.【考點(diǎn)】詞性轉(zhuǎn)換【解析】interest n.興趣【答案】interest例 3. () There are more than two people in this c

35、ity.A. millionsB. million C. millions of D. million of【考點(diǎn)】million的用法【解析】million前有具體數(shù)字時(shí)，表示具體幾百萬(wàn)，此時(shí)， million不需要加s; millions of表示上百萬(wàn)的。【答案】B【句型語(yǔ)法篇】例 4.( ) We' ll travel to the New York City.A. in 25 JuneB. on 25 JuneC. on the twenty-five of June D. at the twenty-fifth of July【考點(diǎn)】介詞的時(shí)間表達(dá)【解析】在具體某個(gè)日期前要

36、用介詞on; 25 June讀作“ the twent-fifth of June【答案】B例 5. () It ' s to travel to Xinjiang by train than by plane.A. slowB. slowlyC. slowerD. more slowly【考點(diǎn)】形容詞的比較級(jí)【解析】be動(dòng)詞后面應(yīng)該用形容詞，slow的比較級(jí)直接在詞尾加er?！敬鸢浮緾例 6. () The Lis have invited us them in the picnic this weekend.A. joinB. to joinC. joiningD. joined【

37、考點(diǎn)】不定式和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)【解析】invite sb. to do sth.【答案】B【能力篇】例7. ()閱讀短文，根據(jù)首字母提示填入合適的單詞使內(nèi)容完整。I finished my cooking course in a college at the age of 21. I thought I was going to become a world famous cook. I hoped people would t 1 from all over the world just to get a taste of my food. But threemonths later, I knew I was wrong. Since nobody was traveling to t 2 my food, I decided I should t