必修四-Unit4grammaradverbial

1、 1)Yesterday, another student and I , _our universitys student association, went to the Capital International Airport to meet this years international students. 2)After half an hour of _ for their flight to arrive, I saw several young people enter the _ area looking around curiously. 3)I stood for a

2、 minute _ them and then went to greet them. 4)She stepped back _ surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence. appearingrepresentingwatchingwaitingwaiting 5)Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in _, together with George Cook from Canada. 6)Just at that moment,however, Akira bowed so his nose touch

3、ed Georges _ hand. 7)When Darlene Coulon from France came _ through the door, she recognized Tony Garacias _ face. 8)In the same way that people communicate with spoken language , they also express their feelings _ unspoken”language” through physical distance, actions or posture. 歸納：其中第3、4、5、8 句中的V-

4、ing 在句子中充當_成分。smilingsmilingmovingdashingusing狀語狀語The Present Participle-Used as AdverbialRevision:1. _ is believing. 眼見為實。眼見為實。2. In the summer we enjoy _(坐坐) under the big tree.3. Her job is _(照顧嬰兒）。照顧嬰兒）。4. The story is _(有趣的有趣的)。5. How can you keep her _(等待等待) in the rain.6. The man _ (站在那里）站在那里

5、）is my father. Finish the sentences.Seeingsittingtaking care of the babies interestingwaitingstanding over there主語主語賓語賓語表語（動名詞）表語（動名詞）表語表語（現(xiàn)在分詞）（現(xiàn)在分詞）賓語補足語賓語補足語定語定語-ing分詞作狀語代替狀語從句可以表示分詞作狀語代替狀語從句可以表示現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語代替狀語從句現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語代替狀語從句時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、或伴隨情況等，或伴隨情況等，注：注：從句的主語從句的主語和和主句的主語主句的主語必須必須一致一致。即即-

6、ing-ing分詞作狀語時，它的邏輯主語就分詞作狀語時，它的邏輯主語就是整個句子的主語，并表示是整個句子的主語，并表示主動主動的關(guān)系。的關(guān)系。 Task1觀察例句： 1. Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine. When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine. 2.Waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily. While he was waiting for the

7、bus, he read a copy of China Daily. 合作歸納：V-ing做_狀語，可以轉(zhuǎn)換成_從句。 時間時間 時間狀語時間狀語小試牛刀： 1.When I saw the picture, I couldnt help thinking of my childhood. 2.Be careful while you are crossing the street. 3. _ your homework, you mustnt listen to music. A. When do B. When to do C. When doing D. When you doing=

8、Seeing the picture, I couldnt help thinking of my childhood.=Be careful while crossing the street.Task2 Task2 觀察例句： 1. 1.BeingBeing ill, he didn ill, he didnt go to school.t go to school. Because he was illBecause he was ill, , he he didndidnt go to t go to school.school. 2. 2. ThinkingThinking he m

9、ight be at home, he might be at home, I I called him.called him. As I thoughtAs I thought he might be at home, he might be at home, I called him.I called him. 合作歸納： V-ing V-ing做_狀語，可以轉(zhuǎn)換成_從句。原因原因原因狀語原因狀語小試牛刀： Feeling tired ，I went to bed early. _ Because we didnt know her address, we couldnt get in t

10、ouch with her. _Because I felt tired, I went to bed early.Not knowing her address, we couldnt get in touch with her.Task3 觀察例句： 1. Exercising every morning, you will improve your health. If you exercise every morning, you will improve your health. 2. your head, you will find a way. As long as you us

11、e your head, you will find a way. 合作歸納歸納： V-ing做_狀語狀語，可以轉(zhuǎn)換轉(zhuǎn)換成_從從句。小試牛刀： If you work hard, you will succeed. Staying here for some time, youll find the people here are friendly.Working hard, you will succeed.If you stay here for some time, youll find the people here are friendly.Task4 觀察例句： 1.She was

12、 so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, it into pieces. She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground it into pieces. 2.An big earthquake hit Lushan, a great loss. An big earthquake hit Lushan, a great loss. 3.He hurried to the station that the train had left. 合作歸納： 小試牛刀：1.The child

13、slipped and fell, _(hit) his head against the door. 2.The old man died, _(leave) nothing but debts.3.He hurried to the booking office only _ that all the tickets had been sold out. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. toldTask5 觀察例句： 1.We were sitting by the window, about what happened yesterday.

14、=We were sitting by the window, about what happened yesterday. 2.He sat on the sofa, TV. = He sat on the sofa, TV. 合作歸納：V-ing做狀語，表示_。作伴隨狀語的分詞表示的動作，必須是_的一個動作，或是與謂語所表示的動作（或狀態(tài)）_，或是對謂語表示的動詞（或狀態(tài)）作進一步地_。1.他們笑著談著走進了教室。他們笑著談著走進了教室。_ , they went into the classroom.2.他斜靠他斜靠(lean)著墻站著。著墻站著。He stood leaning aga

15、inst the wall.(He _ and _ against the wall.)Laughing and talking(They _ and _, and they went into the classroom.)laughedtalkedleanedstood對比練習(xí)對比練習(xí) Grammar work 語法專練語法專練用所給動詞的適當形式填空。用所給動詞的適當形式填空。1. Not _(know) his address, I couldnt go to see him yesterday.2. Look out(小心）小心） for cars when _(cross) the

16、 street.3. Not _ (invite) to the party, Mary was greatly hurt.knowingcrossinghaving been invited4. He dived into the water, _ (leave) only his face exposed(暴露）暴露）.5. When I got back home I saw a message pinned(別在）別在） to the door, _ (read寫著寫著) “Sorry to miss you; I will call later.”6. _ (take) a deep

17、 breath, they dived into the water.7. _ (close) the windows and the door, the students left the room.leavingreadingTakingHaving closed1. _many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .A. Having been told B. Told C. He was told D. He been told 3. _f

18、rom space , the earth looks blue .4._from space , we can see the earth is blue .A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D.See CAABbutthe earthwebutthe earthbutl _ _ _ _, he missed the first bus.l _ _ _ _ _ _, he stood up.l _ _ _ _, he stopped to have a rest. l _ _ _ _ _, she didnt know what he wanted. 沒有早起，他錯過了

19、第一趟公共汽車。）沒有早起，他錯過了第一趟公共汽車。）由于被要求回答這個問題，他站了起來。由于被要求回答這個問題，他站了起來。已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)，他停下來休息。已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)，他停下來休息。沒有與約翰談過，她不知道他想要什么。沒有與約翰談過，她不知道他想要什么。Not getting up earlyBeing asked to answer the questionHaving finished his homeworkNot having talked with John-When seeing the professor, I said hello to him.-When seen fro

20、m space, the earth looks like a globe.-When _ the professor, I said hello to him.-When _ from space, the earth looks like a globe.I sawit is seen簡單句簡單句 簡單句簡單句-If taking this medicine, youll recover from your illness.-If taken out of the fridge, the ice-cream will melt.-If _ this medicine, youll reco

21、ver from your illness.-If _ out of the fridge, the ice-cream will melt.you takeit is taken 簡單句簡單句 簡單句簡單句她身穿一條裙子。她身穿一條裙子。(wear / dress)-She is wearing a shirt.-She is dressed in a shirt.-Wearing a shirt, she felt cold in the wind.-Dressed in a newly-bought shirt, she felt confident of herself.主動主動被動被

22、動我坐在后面。我坐在后面。(sit / seat)-Im sitting at the back.-Im seated at the back.-Sitting at the back, I cant figure out the words on the blackboard.-Seated at the back, I was asked to stand up to answer the question.主動主動被動被動-Some fans rushed out of the airport, _ (follow) the film star.-The detective steppe

23、d into the house, _ (follow) by a police dog.followingfollowed探究點二：v-ing 作狀語的注意事項 Task1 完成句子并歸納用法 True or false: 1.Seeing from the top, the school looks more beautiful. ( ) 2. Seeing from the top, we find the school more beautiful. ( ) V-ing 邏輯主語和主句主語_(要/不要)保持保持一致。FTTask2 形式：時態(tài)和語態(tài) 1. the bell, the s

24、tudents began to enter the classroom. 聽見鈴聲，學(xué)生們開始走進教室。 歸納：聽見和進入兩個動作_或_發(fā)生。 2.Having done the work, he went home. 3.Having graduated from the college, he went to a village and worked as a teacher there. 歸納：having done the work為現(xiàn)在分詞的_，表示動作_謂語動詞發(fā)生。 Having graduated (畢業(yè))這個動作發(fā)生在_之前。 一般同時一般同時基本同時基本同時完成時態(tài)完成時態(tài)先于先于去農(nóng)村做老師去農(nóng)村做老師4.All the tickets , they went away disappointedly. 所有的票已經(jīng)賣光了，他們失望地離開了。5.for a long time, the flower is almost dying.歸納：having been sold out 為現(xiàn)在分詞的_，表示動作先于謂語動詞發(fā)生。 Not having been watered 為現(xiàn)在分詞的_, 表示澆水這個動作在 _動作之前。1. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students _ Chinese i