中考英語語法第十七講--行為動詞與系動詞

1、12動詞動詞動詞的分類動詞的分類行為動詞（及物與不及物；行為動詞（及物與不及物；瞬間與持續(xù)；雙賓語動詞）瞬間與持續(xù)；雙賓語動詞）系動詞系動詞動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣動詞的典型題目（附：不規(guī)則動詞表）動詞的典型題目（附：不規(guī)則動詞表）34行為動詞系動詞助動詞情態(tài)動詞獨(dú)立做謂語不獨(dú)立做謂語及物動詞vt與不及物動詞vi瞬間動詞與延續(xù)行動詞雙賓語動詞重點(diǎn)在記憶、表語兩個問題56時態(tài)語態(tài)語氣主+v原/ vs主+ is/are 過去分詞主+過去式/ were主+過去式主+ was/ were 過去分詞主+ had 過去分詞主+ am/is/are+ving主+ is/are being

2、 過去分詞主+ was/were+ving主+was/were being 過去分詞主+will +v原主+ will be 過去分詞主主+ 過去式過去式/would+v原原主+would +v原主+ would be 過去分詞主+have+分詞 主+have been 過去分詞主+had+分詞主+had been 過去分詞78及物動詞及物動詞vt不及物動詞不及物動詞vi純及物純及物純不及物純不及物什么是有哪些1、不能單獨(dú)結(jié)尾。、不能單獨(dú)結(jié)尾。2、其后不能用介詞、其后不能用介詞I reach KF(對對) I reached(錯錯)1、能單獨(dú)結(jié)尾。、能單獨(dú)結(jié)尾。2、其后必須用介詞、其后必須用介

3、詞I arrived(對對) I arrived at (錯錯)I arrived in KF (對對)考點(diǎn)：能不能加介詞考點(diǎn)：能不能加介詞/ /能不能單獨(dú)結(jié)尾能不能單獨(dú)結(jié)尾最?？甲畛？? see; hear; serve; reach; raise其他詳見下篇其他詳見下篇最常考最?？? look; listen; arrive; rise其他詳見下篇其他詳見下篇Vi=vt的動詞的動詞everybody , our game begins. let us begin our game Vi、vt意思不同意思不同we saw the mountain when the clouds lifted

4、 He lifted his glass and drank 9一、純及物動詞：一、純及物動詞：buy, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, make, take, tell二、純不及物動詞：二、純不及物動詞：agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, ris

5、e, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed 三、及物與不及物意思不一樣beatvi.跳動 vt. 敲、打;grow vi.生長 vt.種植play vi.玩耍 vt. 打（牌、球）,演奏 smell vi.發(fā)出（氣味） vt. 嗅 ringvi.（電話、鈴）響vt.打電話speak vi.講話vt. 說（語言）hangvi. 懸掛 vt.絞死operate vi.動手術(shù)vt. 操作 1. Lift vi 煙霧消散 vt舉起1011 1、以上兩類動詞都能用于現(xiàn)在完成時，表示動作到現(xiàn)在為止已結(jié)束，例如：He has studied English for

6、three years. 2、持續(xù)性動詞在完成時中能與表示持續(xù)一段時間的狀語連用，而瞬間性動詞則不能。例如：His parents talked with the teacher for half an hour. 3、瞬間性動詞在完成時中如要與表示持續(xù)一段時間的狀語連用 例如：He has been in the army/a soldier for htree years.（他參軍已有3年了。）不能用has joined 本章節(jié)詳見第二講-完成時章節(jié)12常用瞬間動詞相應(yīng)持續(xù)性動詞關(guān)系如下：1、gobe away 2、comebe here3、come backbe back 4、leave

7、be away（be not here）5、buyhave 6、borrowkeep7、diebe dead 8、beginbe on9、finishbe over 10、openbe open11、closebe closed 12、losebe lost13、get to knowknow 14、turn onbe on15、get upbe up 16、sit downsit/be seated17、joinbe in（）或be amember18、becomebe 1314配to的配for的 bring , fetch , give , hand , lend , offer , ow

8、e, pass , pay , post , promise , sell , send , show , take , teach , tell , throw , write 動詞后同時用人、物做賓語（注意人和物的不同位置）例: give me the book= give the book to meask, buy , call , choose , cook , do , find , get , keep , leave , save 15161）狀態(tài)系動詞 用來表示主語狀態(tài)，只有be一詞2）持續(xù)系動詞 用來表示主語繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，主要有keep, rest, remai

9、n, stay, lie, stand, 例如： He always kept silent at meeting. 他開會時總保持沉默。 This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一個謎。 3）表像系動詞 用來表示“看起來像”這一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如： He looks tired. 他看起來很累。 He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起來很傷心。 4）感官系動詞 感官系動詞主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如： This kind of cloth feels very soft.

10、 這種布手感很軟。 This flower smells very sweet. 這朵花聞起來很香。 5）變化系動詞 這些系動詞表示主語變成什么樣，變化系動詞主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. 例如：He became mad after that. 自那之后，他瘋了。 She grew rich within a short time. 她沒多長時間就富了。 6）終止系動詞 表示主語已終止動作，主要有prove, trun out, 表達(dá)“證實(shí)”，“變成”之意，例如： The rumor proved false. 這謠言證實(shí)有假

11、。 The search proved difficult. 搜查證實(shí)很難。 His plan turned out a success. 他的計(jì)劃終于成功了。（turn out表終止性結(jié)果） 1718Beat beat beaten Become became becomeBegin began begunBend bent bent Blow blew blown Break broke brokenBurn burnt burnt Build built built Bring brought broughtBuy bought bought Catch caught caughtCho

12、ose chose chosenCome came comeCost cost cost Cut cut cut Do did done Draw drew drawn Drink drank drunk Drive drove drivenEat ate eatenFall fell fallenFeed fed fed Feel felt felt Find found foundFit fit fit Fly flew flown Forget forgot forgottenGet got got19Give gave given Go went goneGrow grew grown

13、Have had had Hear heard heardHide hid hiddenHit hit hit Hold held heldHurt hurt hurtKeep kept keptKnow knew knownLead led ledLeave left leftLend lent lent Let let letLie lay lainLight lit litLose lost lost Make made madeMeet met met Pay paid paid Put put put Read read read Ride rode ridden Ring rang

14、 rungRise rose risenRun ran run Say said said20See saw seenSell sold sold Send sent sent Set set set Shall should should Shine shone shone Show showed shownShut shut shut Sing sang sung Sit sat sat Sleep slept sleptSmell smelt smelt Speak spoke spoken Spend spent spent Spill spilt spilt 濺濺Spit spat

15、spat Spoil spoilt spoilt Stand stood stood Sweep swept swept Swim swam swumTake took takenTeach taught taught Tell told told Think thought thought Throw threw thrown Understand understood .Wake woke woken Win won won Write wrote written21八、動詞（情態(tài)動詞、不定式、時態(tài)等） （ ）1. The life we were used to _ greatly si

16、nce 2000. A. changeB. has changed C. changingD. have changed（ ）2. Sorry, Mr. Green. I _ my English book at home. -Thats OK, but dont forget next time. A. forgotB. forget C. leftD. kept（ ）3Im sure he _ able to finish this job Abe Bis Care Dcan（ ）4-Dadwe can _ sports in school one hour a day.-Really?

17、Its so good Ato do Bdoes Cdo Ddoing（ ）5. 一 _! Someone is singing upstairsIt must be Maria.It cant be herI saw her out ALook BSay CListen DComeBCBCA22（ ）6- Linda，I am very thirsty. - Lets go to the nearest supermarket _ some drink, OK? Abuy Bbought C. to buy D. buying（ ）7My aunt isnt hereShe _ Shangh

18、ai on businessShe will be back in three days Awent Bhas gone to Chas been to Dwill go to（ ）8- Dinner is ready. Help yourself!- Wow! It _ deliciousCould you please tell me how to cook it? Atastes Blooks Csounds D. feels（ ）9- The TV show Home with Kids is so wonderfulYou shouldnt miss it. - If I have

19、timeI _ it. Asee Bsaw Cwill see Dhave seen（ ）10.- What a hard life my parents live! - So do my parentsWhen I grow up，I _ to make them live more happily. Atry Btried Cwill try Dhave triedCBACC23（ ）11. The twins are talking about the book Who Moved My Cheese. Its fun to _ A. join B. join in C. take pa

20、rt in D. enter（ ）12. You _ do it if you really dont want to. A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant D. couldnt（ ）13. As the saying _, Where there is a will, there is a way. A. go B. goes C. going D. went（ ）14. What do you do? Im an engineer. I _ in a company in Wuhan. I like my job very much. A. work B. had wo

21、rked C. will work D. worked （ ）15. When _ your brother _ back? About half an hour ago. A. did; come B. had; come C. do; come D. has; come AABAA24（ ）16. Where is my little dog? It _ the back of the house. A. has gone to B. had gone to C. has been to D. had been to （ ）17. Did James speak to you this m

22、orning? No, he_ me, but he didnt notice me. A. passed B. saw C. greeted D. knocked （ ）18. Whats up? I cant stand the noise outside. Its nearly_ me mad. A. keeping B. turning C. causing D. driving （ ）19. Do I have to come back tomorrow? Yes, you_. A. can B. may C. must D. should （ ）20. Mrs. Liu is ki

23、nd and always _ her help to others . A. shares B. receives C. makes D. offersAADCD25（ ）21. In the past few years there great changes in my hometown . A. have been B. were C. had been D. are （ ）22. Whose notebook is this? -It _be Nings . It has her name on it. A. need B. cant C. must D. shall （ ）23.

24、Hi. I _ you for a long time. -I _ in Beijing. Ive just come back. Ahadnt seen ; am B. havent seen ; shall be C. didnt see; will be D. havent seen ; was （ ）24. -Could I borrow your dictionary?-Of course you _. A. can B. must C. should D. will（ ）25In the future，there isnt going to_ enough space to _on

25、 the earth. A. have ,stand in B. be，stand Chave，stand D. be; stand inACDAD26（ ）26James with the Greens _ the White Tower Park if it_ tomorrow. A. are going to; isnt rainy B. are going to ;doesnt rain C. is going to; wont rain D. is going to ; isnt rainy（ ）27.-It looks like a television. Do you think

26、 so? -Yes, I_. A. understand B. know C. mean D. agree（ ）28.-Are you going to Beijing by plane?-Its fast ,but expensive. So I am not sure. I_ take a train. A. should B. may C. must D. will（ ）29.I knocked into a tree when I went to the railway station for my friend.-I suppose you _too fast. A. drive B

27、. are driving C. drove D. were driving（ ）30.-Nancy, how long does it take to fly to Canada? -Sorry, I dont know. But I can telephone my father to _it for you . A. do B. check C. catch D. findDDBDD27（ ）31. Must I finish the work today, Mom? No, you _. You can finish it tomorrow. A. mustnt B. cant C.

28、shouldnt D. neednt（ ）32. Ill do it better if the teacher _ me another chance. A. give B. gives C. gave D. will give（ ）33. When I went to say goodbye to Anna, she _ the piano. A. is playing B. plays C. was playing D. played （ ）34. Henry speaks Chinese very well. He _ in China since 2002. A. stays B.

29、stayed C. is staying D. has stayed（ ）35. How much does the ticket _ from Shanghai to Beijing? A. cost B. take C. spend D. payDBCDA28（ ）36. You bought a new computer last week, _ you? A. arent B. dont C. didnt D. havent（ ）37. There _ a talk show on CCTV-4 at nine this evening. A. will have B. is goin

30、g to be C. is going to haveD. is staying （ ）38. The menu has so many good things! I cant decide _. A. what to eat B. how to eat C. where to eat D. why to eat（ ）39. Schools _ allow students at least one hour a day for sports. A. wouldB. might C. shouldD. could（ ）40. I called you at half past nine thi

31、s morning, but there was no answer. Oh, sorry, I _ with my cousin in the supermarket. A. shopB. was shopping C. shoppedD. will shopCBACB29（ ）41.-Who _ that piano? -My sister, when she _time. A. plays ; has B. is playing; has C. plays; is having D. is playing; has had（ ）42. If you _ him tomorrow, ple

32、ase ask him if he _ to work on the farm with us. A. see ; goes B. will see; goes C. will see; will go D. see; will go （ ）43. Its nearly seven oclock .Jack _ be back home at this moment. A. must B. need C. could D. can（ ）44.- How much _ the shoes? - Five dollars _ enough. A. is ; is B. are ; is C. ar

33、e ; are D. is ; are （ ）45.- Wheres Mary now? Do you know? - No, but I heard _ in her room a few minutes ago. A. her singing B. her sing C. she was singing D. All the answers are rightBDABD30（ ）46. With the help of satellites, news can _ every corner of the world. A. getB. reach C. appearD. arrive（ ）

34、47. Why didnt you buy any vegetables this morning? Sorry, I _ to take any money with me. A. forgotB. stopped C. affordedD. remembered （ ）48. By the way, is Jane in? No, she _ to the school library. A. goesB. went C. has beenD. has gone（ ）49. Thats a nice watch! Is it _ in China? A. makeB. making C.

35、madeD. makes（ ）50. Can you fly a kite? No, I _ . A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. couldntBADCC31（ ）51. I have watched the game. When _ you _ it? A. have; watchedB. do; watch C. did; watchD. will; watch（ ）52. He asked me_ to his birthday party. A. to go B. go C. goes D. went （ ）53. You can _ this book as much time as you like. A. get B. take C. borrow D. keep（ ）54. You want the green one or the yellow one? Ive no idea. I cant decide _ . A. to buy whatB. how much to pay C. which to choose D. how many to take（ ）55. Is it going to rain tomorrow? If it _ , well have the match next wee