美國、日本和中國教育比較英文ppt(中西文化對比)

1、 The comparison of education between America Japan and China History of American Education The first American schools opened during the colonial era. In 1642 the Massachusetts Bay Colony（馬薩諸塞（美國州名）海灣殖民地 ） made “proper” education compulsory. Similar statutes（法令，法規(guī)） were adopted in other colonies in t

2、he 1640s and 1650s. The first public schools were opened in 1849. By 1870, every state provided free elementary education. History of Japanese EducationThe history of education in Japan dates back at least to the sixth century, when Chinese learning was introduced during the Yamato period（大和時代 ）. Fo

3、reign civilizations have often provided new ideas for the development of Japans own culture. History of Chinese Education Formal education has been traced back to the 16th century in the later Shang Dynasty (1523-1027 BC) The teachings of Confucianism during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States

4、periods, the curriculum were mainly based on the “Four Books and The Five Classics;” These teachings outlined the principles of society and government, the codes for personal conduct, and collectively defined the Confucian philosophy. During Han dynasty, the firsr civil service exam was set up. It h

5、ad been used until the Qing dynasty.Years in SchoolAmerica vs. Japan vs. China The three school systems are composed of the following:Elementary school last six yearsMiddle School- last three yearsHigh School- last three years1. College four yearsEducation in the United StatesAmerican Middle and Hig

6、h Schools Students become more responsible for their own education. Middle school prepares students to go on to high school. Students take science, math, social studies, reading and technology, P.E. is usually mandatory in primary through 9th grade.A classroom in a senior high schoolJapanese Junior

7、High and High Schools Lower secondary school covers grades seven, eight, and nine, with increased focus on academic studies Most of the students will choose to enter high schools even though the compulsory education is ended. The first-year programs for students are similar. Course content and cours

8、e selection are far more individualized in the second year.High School StudentsChinese Middle Schools Chinese middle schools consist of two parts: Jr. middle school and Sr. middle School, each lasts three years Jr. Middle School is a continuation of Primary School . Sr. Middle school is like the Ame

9、rican High School In Sr. Middle school, students choose a “major” of humanities or sciences. They have to pass a National Exam at the end of Middle school.America There are about 3000 colleges and universities, both private and public in the U.S. They are all independent, offering their own choice o

10、f studies, setting their own admission standards and deciding which students meet those standards. The greater the prestige of the university, the higher the credits and grades required.Study in collegeGroup workDiscussion and debateHarvard UniversityHarvard UniversityHarvard University is one of th

11、e earliest private universities, to train postgraduate and mainly engaged in scientific research of comprehensive university, headquarters is located in Bostons Cambridge city, total address is Byerly - 8, Cambridge, Garden Street.Harvard UniversityJapan There are about 600 popular universities and

12、colleges; Four-year learning to earn bachelors degree; Pubilc universities are composed of national universities and local universities; Half of the universities are private. University of Tokyo (東京大學(xué) ) The University of TokyoThe University of Tokyo is a major research university located in Tokyo, J

13、apan.The university was chartered by the Meiji(明治明治) government in 1877. It is considered to be the most prestigious university in Japan. Fifteen prime ministers in Japan have studied at University of Tokyo.Seven alumni(校友校友) of University of Tokyo have received the Nobel Prize.China There are over

14、2,000 universities and colleges, with more than six million enrollments in total. A typical student enrolled in a university lives in a dormitory room which she/he shares with from 1 to 7 people, and eats in the dining halls on campus. It is commonly considered that public universities especially th

15、ose national ones are better than private universities. .Peking University, known in Chinese as Beida, was founded as Imperial Capital University in 1898. It is the first formally established modern national university of China. Peking University was influential in the birth of Chinas New Culture Mo

16、vement, May Fourth Movement and many other significant events. Today, many national and international rankings frequently place Peking University as one of the best universities in China. Peking UniversityThe contrast of family education between China and western countries1、The tendency of family ed

17、ucation2、The values of family education3、The focus of family education 4、The training of sense of independence5、Financial educationThe tendency of family educationIN CHINA： Parents tend to focus the social enlightenment.However,they ignore the development of children themselves.In western countries:

18、 Parents in western countries often start from the characteristics of their children,letting them develop freely. The values of family educationIN CHINA： In western countries:Its parents faults for childrens being ignorant.Children are as equal as any members in the families.The focus of family education IN CHINA： Parents pay attention to the cultivation of moralIn western countries: Parents pay attention to childrens curiosity and imagination of nature.The training of sense of independenceIN CHINA： Learning is the most important thing