大學(xué)英語(yǔ)考試

1、U11. Throughlanguagewecanshareexperiences,formulatevalues,exchangeideas,transmitknowledge,andsustainculture.通過(guò)語(yǔ)言，我們可以分享經(jīng)驗(yàn)、闡明價(jià)值觀念、交流思想、傳播知識(shí)和傳承文化。2. Infact,theskillfuluseofsupportingmaterialsoftenmakesthedifferencebetweenagoodspeechandapoorone.實(shí)際上，熟練地使用論據(jù)經(jīng)常是區(qū)別優(yōu)秀演說(shuō)和空洞演說(shuō)的關(guān)鍵所在。3. Hypotheticalexamplesdesc

2、ribeimaginarysituationsandcanbequiteeffectiveforrelatingideastotheaudience.假設(shè)的例子描述想象中的情形，能夠十分有效地將演說(shuō)者的思想傳達(dá)給聽(tīng)眾。4. Statisticscanbeextremelyhelpfulinconveyingyourmessage,aslongasyouusethemsparinglyandexplainthemsotheyaremeaningfultoyouraudience.只要演說(shuō)者對(duì)于統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)用之得當(dāng)并且加以解釋?zhuān)@些數(shù)據(jù)將有助于傳達(dá)信息，聽(tīng)眾也能從統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)中獲益匪淺。5. Therea

3、refourbasicmethodsofdeliveringaspeech:readingverbatimfromamanuscript,recitingamemorizedtext,speakingwithPowerPoint,andspeakingextemporaneouslyorimpromptu.演說(shuō)的表達(dá)方式基本上有四種：通讀手稿中的段落，復(fù)述背誦過(guò)的一段文章，幻燈片輔助的演說(shuō)，即興發(fā)揮的演說(shuō)。U21. Energysupply,bothindustrialandtraditional,isresponsibleforastrikingshareoftheenvironmental

4、impactsofhumanactivity.無(wú)論是工業(yè)還是傳統(tǒng)形式的能源供應(yīng)，在人類(lèi)破壞環(huán)境的過(guò)程中均占有很大比重。2. Ofallenvironmentalproblems,themostthreatening,andinmanyrespectsthemostintractable,isglobalclimatechange.在所有環(huán)境問(wèn)題中，對(duì)人類(lèi)威脅最大且在許多方面又最讓人類(lèi)無(wú)計(jì)可施的是全球氣候變化。3. Theonlyotherexternalcostthatmightmatchthedevastatingimpactofglobalclimatechangeistheriskofc

5、ausingoraggravatinglarge-scalemilitaryconflict.其他唯一能夠同全球氣候變化所造成的災(zāi)難性影響相提并論的外化成本是引發(fā)并加劇大規(guī)模軍事沖突的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。U31. He'sthelastguyyouwanttoseeinyourrear-viewmirrorwhenyou'respeedingdownthehighway.他是你在Wj速公路上疾馳時(shí)最不愿意在后視鏡里看見(jiàn)的人。2. Thefulldrivingrecordofeverylicenseddrivertherewasmadeavailabletothem,wartsandall,g

6、ivingtheresearchersahugedatabaseofmorethan10millionlicenseddrivers.他們?cè)谀莾耗芸吹矫總€(gè)有駕照的人的全部記錄，這樣他們就有了一個(gè)良莠俱存的超過(guò)一千萬(wàn)個(gè)持照司機(jī)的巨大數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。3. “Whatwefoundwasthattherewerefewerticketsinthemonthbeforeafatalaccidentthantherewereayearbefore,andthatsuggeststhere'saprotectiveeffectofhavingaticket.”“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)出嚴(yán)重事故前一個(gè)月的罰單要比前一年同

7、一個(gè)月的罰單少，這說(shuō)明罰單有保護(hù)作用?！?. Theyalsofoundthatthe“relativeriskreductionassociatedwithtrafficconvictionswasremarkablyconsistentamongsubgroupsoflicenseddrivers,".他們還發(fā)現(xiàn)“在有駕照的那組司機(jī)中拿到罰單后的事故減少率的持續(xù)性是顯著的，”5. Theresearchersalsoaddressedthecommonlyheldbeliefthattrafficcitationscausemoreaccidentsthantheyprevent

8、becausesomanypeoplearekilledduringpolicechases.研究者們還澄清了一種普遍的看法：交通罰單引起的交通事故比防止的多，因?yàn)楹芏嗳耸窃诰熳匪麄儠r(shí)喪生的。U41. Thelabelingof“women'slanguage"as"powerlesslanguage"reflectstheviewofwomen'sbehaviorthroughthelensofmen's.視“女性的語(yǔ)言”為“低微無(wú)能者的語(yǔ)言”反映出男性看女性行為的角度。2. Thisambiguityaccountsformuchmi

9、sinterpretationbyexpertsaswellasnonexperts,bywhichwomenswaysofthinking,utteredinaspiritofrapport,arebrandedpowerless.這種歧義的存在解釋了為什么專(zhuān)家和非專(zhuān)家常常把女性以友善語(yǔ)言表述出來(lái)的思維方式曲解為無(wú)能的表現(xiàn)。3. Nowhereisthisinherentambiguityclearerthaninabriefcommentinanewspaperarticle.報(bào)刊文章里的簡(jiǎn)評(píng)最能清楚地讓我們看到這種固有歧義的存在。4. Whetherwomenormenaredirect

10、orindirectdiffers;whatremainsconstantisthatthewomen'sstyleisnegativelyvaluatedseenaslowerinstatusthanthemens.關(guān)于男性或女性誰(shuí)直接誰(shuí)間接在不同地域有不同情況，不變的是女性風(fēng)格總被人貶低，其地位被視為低于男性。U61. Anancientpaintedscroll,nowinthePalaceMuseuminBeijing,showsthebustleandprosperityofancientKaifeng.目前珍藏在北京故宮博物院的一幅古老卷軸，上面畫(huà)的是古都開(kāi)封的熱鬧與繁榮。

11、2. TheUnitedStateshashadthebiggesteconomyintheworldformorethanacentury,butmostprojectionsshowthatChinawillsurpassitinabout15years,asmeasuredbypurchasingpowerparity.美國(guó)作為全世界最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)體已經(jīng)超過(guò)一個(gè)世紀(jì)了，然而大多數(shù)的預(yù)測(cè)都顯示：如果用購(gòu)買(mǎi)力比價(jià)來(lái)測(cè)算，中國(guó)將在大約十五年之內(nèi)超越美國(guó)。3. Asecondlessonisthedangerofhubris,forChinaconcludedithadnothingtolearnf

12、romtherestoftheworldandthatwasthebeginningoftheend.第二個(gè)教訓(xùn)就是傲慢自大的危險(xiǎn)。由于當(dāng)初中國(guó)斷定它不可能從別國(guó)學(xué)到任何東西，它的衰敗從此開(kāi)始了。U71. Growingnumbersoffirst-timebuyersdesperatetogetonthehousingladderbutstrugglingtoaffordsky-highhousepricesarebeingencouragedtotiethemselvesintomortgageslasting35,40oreven45years.由于受到他人慫恿，越來(lái)越多急于步入有房者行

13、列但無(wú)法負(fù)擔(dān)高額房款的第一次購(gòu)房者背負(fù)上長(zhǎng)達(dá)35年、40年甚至45年的按揭貸款。2. Asforthefuture,thecoupleshopetheirfinanceswillimprovedramaticallyoverthenextfewyears,enableingthemtopayoffthemortgagebeforetheyretire.至于未來(lái)，夫妻希望他們的財(cái)務(wù)狀況幾年后有個(gè)大的改觀，使他們能在退休前還掉這筆貸款。3. ItallhasfrighteningechoesoftheJapanesepropertybubbleofafewyearsback,whenabsurdl

14、yhighpropertypricesledtothedevelopmentof100-yearmortgages,whichweredesignedtobepaidoffbytheborrower'schildrenandgrandchildren.所有這些都讓人驚恐地聯(lián)想起前些年日本的房地產(chǎn)泡沫，那時(shí)荒謬的高房?jī)r(jià)導(dǎo)致長(zhǎng)達(dá)100年的抵押貸款出現(xiàn)。這種貸款是讓借款人的子孫來(lái)還清。U11. Thegovernmentdecidedtotakeconcretestepstosupportitsfalteringeconomy.bolster（支持）政府決定出臺(tái)具體的措施來(lái)支持他不穩(wěn)定的經(jīng)濟(jì)

15、。2. Theevidencehepresentedatthemeetingwasreliable,accordingtohisviewpoint.credible（可靠的）根據(jù)他的觀點(diǎn)，他在會(huì)議中提出的證據(jù)是可靠的。3. Attheconference,hemadeanunpreparedspeech,whichleftadeepimpressiononeveryparticipant.impromptu（即興的，無(wú)準(zhǔn)備的）在會(huì)議中，他做了一個(gè)給每位參與者都會(huì)留下深刻印象的即興演講。4. Expertswarnthatmankindshouldusenaturalresourcesecono

16、mically.sparingly（節(jié)儉地）專(zhuān)家提示：人類(lèi)對(duì)自然資源的利用要節(jié)制。5. AninterestingstoryaboutAlbertEinsteinwasrewrittenandpublishedintheReaders;Digest.anecdote（有趣的事）有關(guān)于Albert的有趣事跡，在讀者文摘中被重新撰寫(xiě)并出版了。6. Heneedstobuilduphisproofofhisabilitiesandexperiencewithhiscolleaguesinbiologicalresearch.credentials（資格證書(shū)）他需要和他的同事在生物研究領(lǐng)域需要建立他的

17、資格證書(shū)。7. Winningthescholarshipisevidenceofherintelligenceinthefieldofphysics.testimony（證明）拿到獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金是他在物理方面能力的證明。8. Themedicalstudentswereaskedhowtheywouldtreatasupposedcaseandweremarkedaccordingtotheirresponses.hypothetical4取定的）學(xué)醫(yī)的學(xué)生要學(xué)會(huì)怎樣對(duì)待假定的情況和對(duì)他們會(huì)應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)。9. Studentsshouldlearnhowtoquoteotherpeople'sst

18、atementsandalsohowtorestatethem.paraphrase（引用）學(xué)生應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)怎樣引用他人的觀點(diǎn)并知道怎樣聲明。10. Thephotographerusedaside-by-sidepositionoffatandthinmodelstodemonstratethebeauty.juxtaposition（并歹U）攝影師運(yùn)用一胖一瘦的模特站出位置來(lái)突顯出美。U21. Aswefeelourwayaroundthefirstmonthsofthe21stcentury,whatseemedimpossibleinthelastisbecomingmoreandmore

19、believable.plausible（可信的）大概21世紀(jì)的頭幾個(gè)月，當(dāng)我們摸索前進(jìn)時(shí)，曾經(jīng)看起來(lái)不可能的事正在變得越來(lái)越可信。2. Inonesense,thiscouldbegoodnewsforAmerica:itcouldpredictgreatersocialconsensus,withvirtuallyeveryoneagreeingabouttheproperfunctionsofgovernment.portend（預(yù)期）某種意義上來(lái)說(shuō)，這對(duì)美國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō)可能是好消息，他可以預(yù)期更全面的實(shí)惠共識(shí)，同事幾乎每個(gè)人都認(rèn)同政府的適當(dāng)職能。3. Whatkindoftaskwasthat

20、foramanwhocouldn'tevendiscoverthetruthabouthimself?pindown（認(rèn)識(shí)）對(duì)于一個(gè)甚至不能準(zhǔn)確認(rèn)識(shí)自我的人，什么樣的任務(wù)才是合適的人呢？4. Itmaybetheband'strademark,butafterthebriefestexposure,itbecomesannoyingtoalargedegree.經(jīng)公開(kāi)就廣受惡評(píng)。aggravating（惱人的）他可能為是樂(lè)隊(duì)的商標(biāo)，但一5. Ifthevalueofservicesexchangedorbookedonlinewereincludedaswell,thefigu

21、reswouldbemoreastoundingstill.staggering（驚人的）如果網(wǎng)上交換或預(yù)訂的服務(wù)的價(jià)值也包括在內(nèi)，數(shù)字會(huì)更驚人。6. PartsofGlasgowarethesameastheworstareasofLondonandLiverpoolforburglaries.onaparwith（同.樣）就入室盜竊來(lái)看，格拉斯哥的部分地區(qū)和倫敦及利物浦的最差地區(qū)一樣差。7. ThemostprofoundchangeinoursocietysincethesixtieshasnotbeenthearrivalofnewBritonsbuttheappearanceofan

22、ewclass.emergence（出現(xiàn)）16世紀(jì)以來(lái)我們社會(huì)最深刻的變革不是新英國(guó)人的到來(lái)而是一個(gè)新階層的誕生。8. Policesaydrugstraffickersarebehindtheincreaseofviolence.angment增加警方說(shuō)，掩藏在日益增多的暴力事件背后的是毒販。9. Theysaidyes,providedhedidnotpublishanythingthatwouldtakeawayfromtheirreputation.detractfrom（貶低，減損）他們同意李，前提是只要他不公開(kāi)有可能損害他們名譽(yù)的任何信息。10. Theshortageofclea

23、nenergyresourcesplaguesallnations.inadequacy（不足，不充分）清潔能源短缺困擾著每個(gè)國(guó)家。U31. Thisincidentwasnotwithoutimportanceinthefollowingdevelopmentofevents.subsequent（隨后的）這個(gè)小事在隨后的時(shí)間發(fā)展中很重要。2. Thecompanyreportedahuge85-million-dollarloss.whopping（巨大的）公司報(bào)告其巨大的損失到達(dá)8500萬(wàn)美元。3. Severalpeoplewereinjuredinthetrafficaccident

24、yesterday,buttherewerenodeaths.fatalities（死亡）昨天一些人在車(chē)禍中受傷了，但無(wú)人死亡。4. Thecandidate'sspeechwasinterruptedbyapplauseoccasionally.sporadically（偶發(fā)的）5.Luckilyshehadlefttheislandtwodaystsunami.beforethearrivalofthedevastating求職者的演講偶然地被掌聲打斷了。priorto（在.之前）幸運(yùn)的她在致命的海嘯來(lái)臨前兩天離開(kāi)了島嶼。6. Ittookmetwomonthstourgehimi

25、d（促使）促使他采取行動(dòng)花費(fèi)了我兩個(gè)月的時(shí)間。7. Thepolicehaveapparentlyfoundsomenewevidenceaboutthiscase.turnedup（發(fā)現(xiàn)）據(jù)說(shuō)警察已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了關(guān)于這個(gè)案件的一些新證據(jù)。8. HisdecisiontomovetoMexicowasbasedonasuddenwish.whim（一時(shí)念頭）他移民到墨西哥的決定基于他一時(shí)的念頭。9. Ittookthepolicetwoyearstocatchthemurderer.nail（抓?。┚旎藘赡甑臅r(shí)間抓住這個(gè)兇手。10. A9-year-oldboywask

26、illedinanaccidentinvolvingastolencarlastweek.crash（車(chē)禍）上周，一個(gè)九歲的男孩在偷竊一輛車(chē)時(shí)死于一場(chǎng)車(chē)禍。U41. Heavysmokersaretwentytimesmorelikelytobebylungcancerthannon-smokers.A.attackedB.grippedC.ravagedD.stricken（疾病侵害）煙癮很大的相對(duì)不吸煙者，患肺癌概率要高出20倍。2. MostStatesemphasizederadicationofviolence,particularlydomesticviolence,asanati

27、onalareainnationalcrimepreventionstrategies.A.prerequisiteB.requirementC.dominanceD.priority（當(dāng)務(wù)之急）許多州將消除暴力，尤其是消除家庭暴力作為國(guó)家制定國(guó)民犯罪防治策略的重中之重。3. SomeactivistsintheWomensMovementcallthemselvesfeminists,whileotherswhoresistpoliticalactivismchoosenottothemselvesafeminists"becausetheyfeelthattheU.S.media

28、oftenportraysfeministsaspeoplewhoareanti-men.A.rankB.label（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）C.brandD.claim女性運(yùn)動(dòng)中的某些積極分子稱(chēng)自己為，女權(quán)主義者，然而那些反對(duì)政治激進(jìn)主義的人卻不愿意這么做，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為美國(guó)媒體常把女權(quán)主義者，說(shuō)成“反人類(lèi)”的人。4. Women10.5percentofcabinet,ministerialandsub-ministerialofficesinCommonwealthcountries.A.accountedfor（占據(jù)）B.madeupforC.consistedofD.comprisedof10.5%。在

29、組成聯(lián)邦制國(guó)家內(nèi)閣，部長(zhǎng)以及副部長(zhǎng)辦公室的公職人員中，女性所占得比例為5. Ifhestillhesitateditwasbecausehedidntwanttoyieldtotheothermanspressure,toAlec'sgiftfor.A.makinghiswayB.gettinghisway（為所欲為）C.goinghiswayD.payinghisway如果他們?nèi)匀华q豫不決，那是因?yàn)樗幌肭趯?duì)方的施壓，亞力克天性就一貫如此。6. Hehadneverinthepasthesitatedtoifitservedhiscuriosity.A.makebelieveB.

30、makeashowofhimselfC.makemischief（惡作劇）D.makefunofhimself在過(guò)去，如果惡作劇能滿足他的好奇心，那他會(huì)毫不猶豫地捉弄?jiǎng)e人。7. Incourt,theaccusedmanclaimedthathewasinnocent,sayingthathehadbeen.A.betrayedB.framed（陷害）C.deceivedD.defrauded在法庭上，被告人聲稱(chēng)自己無(wú)罪，是受人陷害的。8. Moreandmoreathletesplaygamesjustformoney.Sportisbeingbycommercialism.A.Debase

31、d（貶低）B.debilitatedC.degeneratedD.decayed越來(lái)越多的運(yùn)動(dòng)員僅出于金錢(qián)誘惑而從事體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，競(jìng)技體育正在被商業(yè)化所腐蝕。9. Damagingtheproductionmachineryisanattempttoslowdownouroutput.A.undermannedB.underminedC.undergroundD.underhanded（不正當(dāng)?shù)模v毀生產(chǎn)機(jī)器是一種妄圖減緩我們產(chǎn)生速度的卑劣手段。10. Withanairofauthority,asifeveryjugandbottleintheplaceexistedto,thelandlord

32、gaveHaroldhisdrink.A.dohisbidding（服從某人）B.dohisbestC.dohisjobD.dohisduty領(lǐng)主將酒遞給Harold,渾身散發(fā)威惡的氣勢(shì)，仿佛連周遭的酒具都臣服于他。1. Itisapparentthatwinningthescholarshipisofherintelligenceinthefieldofphysics.A.parallelismB.alliterationC.testimony（證明）D.rhythmTranslation:顯然，獲得這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金證明了她在物理學(xué)領(lǐng)域的聰明才智。2. Asforthefinaltest,them

33、edicalstudentswereaskedhowtheywouldtreatacaseandweremarkedaccordingtotheirresponses.A.implicitB.hypothetical（假設(shè)）C.credibleD.sparing針對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)的學(xué)生的期末考試，老師會(huì)對(duì)他們進(jìn)行如何處理一個(gè)假想的案例的提問(wèn)，從而根據(jù)學(xué)生反應(yīng)來(lái)評(píng)分。3. Studentsshouldbetaughthowtoquoteotherpeople'sstatementsandalsohowtothem.A.imposeB.executeC.createD.paraphrase（復(fù)述

34、）應(yīng)該教學(xué)生如何去引用別人的論述并對(duì)其進(jìn)行闡述。4. Itisbelievedtobetheband'strademark,butafterthebriefestexposure,itbecomestolargedegree.A.precipitatingB.aggravating（惱人的）C.dependingD.proposing它被當(dāng)作是某品牌的商標(biāo)，而在經(jīng)過(guò)一段時(shí)間的曝光之后，變得更加有影響力。5. Ifthevalueofservicesexchangedorbookedonlinewereincludedaswell,thefigureswouldbemorestill.A

35、.contractingB.reconcilingC.staggering（難以置信的）D.burgeoning如果把在線交易或預(yù)訂服務(wù)帶來(lái)的價(jià)值也囊括在內(nèi)，數(shù)字將變得更加驚人。6. Willyousignouragainstthespreadingofnucleararms?A.contractB.supplication（倡議書(shū)）C.agreementD.potential你會(huì)在反核武器擴(kuò)散的倡議書(shū)上署名嗎？7. Asapromisingofficial,hewasdrawnbythechancetoimportantissues.A.dealwith（處理）B.speaktoC.writ

36、etoD.turnto作為一名有前途的官員，他總是對(duì)處理重大問(wèn)題很感興趣。8. Theviolenceandsuicidebombingscaughtthecoalitionforceoffguard.A.dominatingB.speakingC.increasing（增長(zhǎng)）D.splitting日益增長(zhǎng)的暴力和自殺式爆炸襲擊讓同盟軍措手不及。9. Shoppingmallshavesomeadvantageinsufferingfromshorterperiodsofbusiness.A.staleB.abundantC.feebleD.inactive（消極的）購(gòu)物商城在應(yīng)對(duì)短期的經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣方面有一定的優(yōu)勢(shì)。10. AccordingtotheGenevanoprisonersofwarshallbesubjectt