實(shí)驗(yàn)7.11藥物L(fēng)D50和ED50的測(cè)定17

1、實(shí)驗(yàn)7.11藥物L(fēng)D50和ED50的測(cè)定【目的】 通過測(cè)定戊巴比妥鈉的LD50和ED50來評(píng)價(jià)其平安性?！驹怼?1. 戊巴比妥鈉為鎮(zhèn)靜催眠藥，隨著劑量加大，相繼出現(xiàn)鎮(zhèn)靜、催眠、抗驚厥、麻醉、死亡。 2. 藥物效應(yīng)和藥物劑量的關(guān)系稱量效關(guān)系，從不同角度觀察，有量反響和質(zhì)反響之分。 量反響：特定反響程度與劑量的關(guān)系，如血壓的升高、血糖的降低等。 質(zhì)反響：特定反響出現(xiàn)與否與劑量的關(guān)系，如死亡與否、陽(yáng)性或陰性等。3. 質(zhì)反響實(shí)驗(yàn)中，以對(duì)數(shù)劑量為橫坐標(biāo)、反響百分率為縱坐標(biāo)繪圖，形成一條對(duì)稱的“S形曲線。 半數(shù)有效量ED50：50的實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物有效時(shí)對(duì)應(yīng)的劑量。 半數(shù)致死量LD50：50的實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物死亡時(shí)對(duì)應(yīng)

2、的劑量。4. 藥物平安性的評(píng)價(jià) 治療指數(shù)TI= LD50/ED50 平安系數(shù)SF LD5/ED95 可靠平安系數(shù)CSF LD1/ED99 三者數(shù)值大，說明藥物平安性好。質(zhì)反響的量效曲線睡眠死亡反響百分率020408060100劑量LD50ED505. 實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)三大原那么：重復(fù)、隨機(jī)、對(duì)照 隨機(jī)原那么：使每個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象在接受處理因素時(shí)，有相同的時(shí)機(jī)，以減少主觀因素所帶來的偏性誤差。 均衡隨機(jī)法分組：先按易控制的因素性別、年齡、體重等均衡分檔，然后在每一檔隨機(jī)取出等量的動(dòng)物分配到各組，使難控制的因素活潑程度、饑飽、疲勞程度等得到隨機(jī)安排。均衡隨機(jī)分組法【器材與藥品】 小鼠籠、1ml注射器1副、天平秤

3、、0.4戊巴比妥鈉溶液?！緦?shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物】 小白鼠、體重18-22g，雌雄各半。實(shí)驗(yàn)前禁食12h，不禁水。 【實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟】 1、隨機(jī)分組：5個(gè)劑量組，每組各10只。 2、稱重、標(biāo)記。 3、各組分別腹腔注射戊巴比妥鈉 20、25、31、39、49mg/kg0.2ml/10g；以翻正反射消失為入睡指標(biāo)，給藥15分鐘后，記錄各組睡眠鼠數(shù)填入表中。 4、計(jì)算機(jī)Bliss法算出：LD50 、LD1 、LD5 、ED50 、ED99 、ED95。 5.計(jì)算TI、SF、CSF。 劑量 實(shí)驗(yàn)鼠數(shù) 睡眠鼠數(shù) 反響百分率 ED50mg/kg mg/kg 49 10 39 10 31 10 25 10 20 10 不同劑量

4、戊巴比妥鈉對(duì)小鼠睡眠的影響【本卷須知】 1.分組時(shí)采用均衡隨機(jī)法。 2.小鼠入睡指標(biāo)翻正反射消失，保持室內(nèi)安靜，已睡眠鼠與未睡眠鼠分籠放置。 3.繪圖時(shí)注意標(biāo)明坐標(biāo)、曲線方程及曲線名稱?！居懻摗?如何評(píng)價(jià)藥物的平安性？Xp#s%v)y0C3F6IaLdOgSjVnYq!t*w-z1D4G8JbMeQhTkWoZr%u(x+B2E5H9KcOfRiUmXp#s&v)z0C3F7IaLdPgSjVnYq$t*w-A1D4G8JbNeQhTlWoZr%u(y+B2E6H9KcOfRjUmXp!s&v)z0C4F7IaMdPgSkVnZq$t*x-A1D5G8KbNeQiTlWo#r%u(y+B3E6

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