SHE培訓(xùn)中文資料(德國漢高)ppt課件

1、Target #1目的1:Safe Behaviour平安行為Adhesives粘合劑Wolfgang BerkeSHEQ-HygieneValue of Risk Management風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的價(jià)值Enhanced knowledge and awareness about the existing processes and inherent risks 提高現(xiàn)有工藝流程的相關(guān)知識和預(yù)防風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的認(rèn)識 Reduction of risks to an acceptable level in order to avoid impacts on employees, neighbours or t

2、he environment 將風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降至可以接受的范圍，以防止對員工、工廠周圍和環(huán)境的影響Side effects 其他影響:Advances in operation, organisation 操作過程和組織上的改良Better efficiency (costs) 提高效率Targeted investments 目的投資Henkel requirement 漢高要求Any unknown risk is a threat ! 任何未知的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)對于我們是要挾！The Challenge of Managing Risks 管理風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的挑戰(zhàn)There is no getting away fr

3、om risks. There is only recognizing them,managing them, and deciding which ones you can afford to take!風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是不可防止的。我們可以做的只能是識別它們、管理它們、決議哪些是可以接受的！Case Histories 案例 Union Carbide Company, pesticide productionBhopal, India, December 1984殺蟲劑消費(fèi)公司，印度，1984年12月runaway reaction in a storage tank for methyl isoc

4、yanate 儲(chǔ)罐中的異氰酸鹽走漏40 tons of toxic material emitted through safety valve 40t 有毒物質(zhì)從平安閥中泄出emission of 外泄的氣體有：methyl isocyanate 異氰酸鹽carbon monoxide 一氧化碳phosgene (COCl2) 碳酰氯hydrocyanic acid 氫氰酸3.000 - 4.000 dead, 180.000 injuries 3.000 - 4.000 人死亡180.000 人受傷long-term consequences out of control 長期失控的結(jié)果Ca

5、se Histories 案例 ACF (Azote de France)Toulouse, France, 21. September 20012001年9月21日，法國ACF工廠human error lead to explosion catastrophe 人為過失導(dǎo)致爆炸300 tons of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) for fertilizer production got blasted (6000 tons were stored) 用于肥料消費(fèi)的300t 硝酸銨爆炸儲(chǔ)存量為6000t29 fatalities / 29人死亡2442 injurie

6、s / 2442人受傷500 lost their homes / 500人失去家園Toulouse, France21 September 20012001年9月21日 法國工廠Case Histories 案例 PetrobrasOffshore Platform P-36, Brasil, 15 March 20012001年3月5日，巴西，海上平臺P-36A number of single actions lead to explosion catastrophe (maintenance work during production) 一些個(gè)別行為消費(fèi)期間的維護(hù)任務(wù)導(dǎo)致事故的發(fā)生T

7、wo blasts and fire 引起兩次爆炸和火災(zāi)11 fatalities 導(dǎo)致11人死亡Huge environmental spillage (1500 m oil) 大量石油外泄 1500 m 500 billion US$ loss 損失5000億美圓The second big accident after 1984 (37 workers killed)是繼1984年后第二大事故37名工人死亡Platform P-36, Brasil15 March 20012001年3月5日，巴西，海上平臺P-36Expressions of Risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的表述dangerjeopard

8、yperilhazardmenacethreatgambletake a chanceCore Definitions 中心定義Hazard 危險(xiǎn)源 A thing or action that can cause adverse effects.It implies the cause of an adverse event, not the negative consequences or impact. 能夠呵斥負(fù)面作用的事情或行為。它是引發(fā)負(fù)面結(jié)果的緣由，不是負(fù)面結(jié)果或影響。Risk 風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Likelihood of occurrence and magnitude of the co

9、nsequences of an adverse event; a measure of the probability of harm and the severity of impact of a hazard 負(fù)面結(jié)果發(fā)生的能夠性及不同程度；危險(xiǎn)能夠性及有害影響嚴(yán)重程度的衡量Risk 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)Which is inherently safer? 哪個(gè)本身更加平安？Which is safer? 哪個(gè)更加平安？Auto 汽車: 4.8 10-4Commercial Aviation 飛機(jī):8.0 10-6Risk 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)Airplane Travel 飛機(jī)power failure is rar

10、ely catastrophic 沒有動(dòng)力很少會(huì)呵斥災(zāi)難性事故less than 10 deaths per incident 每起事故有少于10人死亡low fuel inventory 燃料剩存量低external environment survivable 外部環(huán)境有幸存能夠性power failure is catastrophic 沒有動(dòng)力必然會(huì)呵斥空難發(fā)生tens to hundreds of deaths per incident 每起事故有10到上百人死亡fuel inventory very high 燃料剩存量很高external environment is unifo

11、rmly hostile 外部環(huán)境很惡劣Car Travel 汽車他能想到哪些挑戰(zhàn)？ 他對哪些危險(xiǎn)曾經(jīng)習(xí)以為常？Risk Acceptance風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的接受Degree of self-determination 自我決議的程度Minor degree: Railway user will not accept mistakes 程度較低：鐵路的運(yùn)用者不會(huì)接受錯(cuò)誤Working environment 任務(wù)環(huán)境Major degree: Hang-glider pilots will accept a crash 程度較高：懸掛式降落機(jī)的飛行員可以接受墜落。Clerical professions

12、: Clerk will not accept injuries from their activities 辦公室職員：他們不會(huì)接受因活動(dòng)呵斥受傷。Construction industry: Worker accept minor, reversible injuries 建筑工業(yè)：工人們可以接受易恢復(fù)的輕傷。Degree of voluntariness 恣意程度At work: Acting depending on instructions expected to be safe 任務(wù)中：希望平安，所以按照指點(diǎn)闡明任務(wù)At leisure: Substantial risks are

13、 accepted 生活中：接受大量的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)Cause 緣由User independent: Lift user will not accept severe malfunction 運(yùn)用者獨(dú)立：電梯的運(yùn)用者不接受嚴(yán)重的缺點(diǎn)。Dependent on user: A thick thump from the hammer is accepted 不同的運(yùn)用者：可以接受鐵錘重?fù)簟?他上一次不平安的行為是什么？我們?yōu)槭裁匆`反規(guī)那么？SAFEWORKWhy rules are ignored 為什么規(guī)定往往被忽視？no understanding 不了解Laziness 懶惰Comfort 溫馨I

14、gnorance 忽視Indifference漠不關(guān)懷Toleration 寬容look away 逃避pressure of time 時(shí)間壓力Routine 常規(guī) Habit 個(gè)人習(xí)慣credibility gap信譽(yù)差距saving of time 節(jié)省時(shí)間PersonalReasons個(gè)人緣由Externalreasons外在緣由 DangerousSituationModel of Behaviour 行為方式Perception 感知 negative result 消極結(jié)果positive result 積極結(jié)果Seeing聽覺Hearing聽覺Feeling觸覺Smelling

15、嗅覺Tasting味覺6th sense第6感Knowledge知識Expectation 期望Attitude 態(tài)度Experience 閱歷Incentive 鼓勵(lì)personal state個(gè)人情況risk assessment 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)Decision 決議safe behaviour 平安行為unsafe behaviour不平安行為accumulated experiencefeed-back信息反響積累的經(jīng)驗(yàn)Risk Assessment is 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)是 .Systematic 系統(tǒng)性的Comprehensive 綜合性的for discovery of hazards and

16、 strains 危險(xiǎn)源的發(fā)現(xiàn)the evaluation of identified risks 被識別出風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的評價(jià)the development of countermeasures (improvements) 措施的提高改良o(jì)n a dedicated workplace, a field of work (area), a worker or workgroup 對某個(gè)任務(wù)地點(diǎn)，任務(wù)區(qū)域，工人或任務(wù)小組進(jìn)展評價(jià)the control of efficiency of measures 措施效果的控制the documentation of all above 對以上提及文件的評價(jià)th

17、e regular update 要經(jīng)常性更新Concepts of Assessment 評價(jià)的概念externalview外部意見involvedposition有關(guān)情勢Observation 察看Questions 問題Structurizedanalysis 構(gòu)造分析Visualization 直接可見Awareness 認(rèn)識Extent 范圍Directness 直接Expertknowledge專業(yè)知識implicitknowledge固有知識Result of a good Assessment良好評價(jià)的結(jié)果All members of staff come to terms w

18、ith a weak situation or a problem 全體員工對較差的情況或問題達(dá)成一致的看法Agreement on regulations with workers and management 工人和管理層就公司規(guī)章制度達(dá)成共識Operation procedures become improved 完善操作流程Due to involvement 其緣由包括High acceptance 廣泛接受Higher self-responsibility of staff 員工高度的責(zé)任感Engagement on a high level consciousness and

19、carefulness 很高的自覺認(rèn)識及仔細(xì)謹(jǐn)慎的態(tài)度More foresight at work (consequences) 任務(wù)中具有遠(yuǎn)見因果推論Behaviour related safety regulations are accepted 接受有關(guān)平安規(guī)那么的行為Proposed Concept for Analysis分析被建議的理念I(lǐng)dentification of single safety issues 單個(gè)平安事故的鑒定less structurized procedure 程序較少high participation of involved employees 涉及多人

20、的事故Use of implicit knowledge 運(yùn)用已有的知識IdentifyIdeIdeAssessSecureConcept :Seeing視覺Hearing聽覺Feeling觸覺Smelling嗅覺Tasting味覺technical means (detectors)技術(shù)手段檢測器Detection by all senses 靠一切感官覺察AIdeASIdeASConsequences, Impact, Probability 結(jié)果/影響/能夠性 Prevention, Limited damage 預(yù)防，有限的損失personal life 個(gè)人生活working env

21、ironment 任務(wù)環(huán)境social environment 社會(huì)環(huán)境Company 公司by elimination 直接消除by organizational means組織手段by technical means技術(shù)手段by personal protection個(gè)人防護(hù)識 別評 估平安保證IdeAS-理念I(lǐng)deASGuiding questions of the IdeAS-concept:IdeAS-理念的引導(dǎo)性問題：Identify: 識別： Which hazards and loads do you detect ? 他發(fā)現(xiàn)了哪些危險(xiǎn)和負(fù)荷？Which hazards or

22、loads you can see / hear / feel / smell or taste ? 哪些危險(xiǎn)或負(fù)荷是他可以看到/聽到/感到/聞到或嘗到的？Which additional hazards or loads you can imagine ? 他還可以想象到哪些其他的危險(xiǎn)或負(fù)荷？IdeASGuiding questions of the IdeAS-concept:IdeAS-理念的引導(dǎo)性問題：Assess: 評價(jià)：Which possible consequences do you can imagine ? 他能想象到哪些能夠發(fā)生的結(jié)果？Which parts of the

23、 body can be injured ? 身體的哪些部分是能受傷的？What type of injury is possible ? 能夠發(fā)生哪種類型的損傷？How will the injury affect the life of the victim ? 這種損傷將怎樣影響受害人的終身？What does that mean for the social environment ? 為了社會(huì)環(huán)境是怎樣一回事？What does it mean for the colleagues, supervisors and managers ? 為了同事、主管和經(jīng)理又是怎樣一回事？IdeAS

24、Guiding questions of the IdeAS-concept:IdeAS-理念的引導(dǎo)性問題：Secure:平安保證： By which means you can prevent the consequences ? 他能經(jīng)過什么方法來防止這樣的結(jié)果的發(fā)生？What can we do for prevention to avoid the incident ? 我們能做些什么來防止事件的發(fā)生？What can we do to reduce the damage as much as possible ? 我們能做些什么來盡能夠減少損傷？Concept 2 理念2Extern

25、al view 外部的意見Issues are assessed by guiding question 用指點(diǎn)性問題評價(jià)Systematic approach 系統(tǒng)性步驟Structured by a questionaire 提出問題Concept 2 理念2: Safety Observation 平安察看Areas of observation 需求察看的地方:Personal protective equipment 個(gè)人防護(hù)用品Tools and work devices 工具和任務(wù)設(shè)備Equipment 設(shè)備Instructions 操作闡明Posture and ergonom

26、ics 姿態(tài)和人體工學(xué) Housekeeping 內(nèi)務(wù)清潔Workplace environment 任務(wù)地點(diǎn)的環(huán)境Concept 2: Safety Observation理念2：平安察看平安察看表任務(wù)地點(diǎn)操作/活動(dòng)察看備注個(gè)人防護(hù)設(shè)備要求運(yùn)用哪些PPE？操作流程，標(biāo)識，規(guī)定能否要求運(yùn)用PPE？哪個(gè)不作要求Concept 3 理念3：Investigation of a single workplace or activity 個(gè)別任務(wù)地點(diǎn)或活動(dòng)的調(diào)查High involvement 高度關(guān)聯(lián)Participation of workers, supervisors and experts 工人，監(jiān)視人員和專家的參與Result contains elements of 結(jié)果包括的要素有：Workplace risk analysis 任務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)Instruction material 指點(diǎn)資料Operation instruction 操作闡明Audit finding 審核結(jié)果 Concept 3: Safety Short Talk理念3：簡短的平安說話平安談判的預(yù)備主題搜集任務(wù)地點(diǎn)任務(wù)設(shè)備資料活動(dòng)Concept 3: Safety Short Talk理念3：簡短