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1、Sublist 4Word BuildingThe following prefixes are involved in some words of this -with, together, compleye.g. com-bat bat“打”, combat 引申為“跟戰(zhàn)斗”;com-merce -merce“貿(mào)易”,commerce 詞意為“做,商業(yè)”;com-pliment com-加強(qiáng)意義,-pl- “填、裝滿”,-i-為連接字母,-ment 名詞性后綴,com-pliment 引申為“恭維、贊揚(yáng)”。com-e -e 意思是“put”,因此其意為“組成,”;com-pile pile

2、 意思是“堆砌在一起”,該詞意為“編輯”。para-besidee.g. parallel 平行, 雙杠para-site -site“以為食”,parasite“依靠主人為食”,引申為“寄生蟲、食客”;para-phrase -phrase“說”,paraphrase“在旁邊作說明”,引申為“釋義、意譯”。pre-beforee.g. pre-occupy occupy“占據(jù)”,preoccupy 引申為“先占,全神貫Wordsn. 強(qiáng)調(diào),壓力, 著重, 重音stressvt. 強(qiáng)調(diào),加壓力于【用法】:lay (place, put) stress on 把重點(diǎn)放在.上; 在.上用力unde

3、r (driven by) the stress of 為.所迫; 處在的壓力之下【常見搭配】:stress of circumstan環(huán)境的壓力allowable stress 安全(允許)應(yīng)力time of stress 危難之際, 非常時(shí)期he stress of the moment 一時(shí)緊張stress the importance of partnership 強(qiáng)調(diào)合作的重要性stress basic fire safety 著重于基本的防火安全He stressed the po他強(qiáng)調(diào)的一點(diǎn)是t we should be punctual.須準(zhǔn)時(shí)。【詞義辨析】:pre和ten都有

4、“壓力”的含義,但針re, strain, stress對(duì)對(duì)象不同。prere 指政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、等方面的壓力以及自身的緊張情緒,如: Theers encounter there to conform to the customs of a different society. 新pre來的人要適應(yīng)不同的社會(huì)的壓力;strain 指生活中的壓力和精神的極度緊張,如:The additional work put agreat strain on him.加班工作使他負(fù)擔(dān)很重;stress 指由重物或帶來的壓力,如:The weight of the snow put stress onthe r

5、oof. 積雪給屋頂帶來了壓力;Ten指張力及緊張的狀態(tài),如:The tenhe Far East is building up again.中東的形勢又逐步緊張起來?!就逶~】:stressful adj. 產(chǎn)生壓力的,緊迫的isticn. 統(tǒng)計(jì)值,統(tǒng)計(jì)量sa. 統(tǒng)計(jì)的,統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的【常見搭配】:sistic evidence 統(tǒng)計(jì)sistic bureaul sistics 金融統(tǒng)計(jì), 財(cái)政統(tǒng)計(jì),財(cái)務(wù)統(tǒng)計(jì)finaninventory sistics 庫存統(tǒng)計(jì)表e sistics 國民收入統(tǒng)計(jì)nationalsistics of fixed assets 固定資產(chǎn)統(tǒng)計(jì)sistics of var

6、iables 變量的統(tǒng)計(jì)【注意】:sistics 指統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)這門學(xué)科時(shí)與單數(shù)名詞動(dòng)詞連用,指統(tǒng)計(jì)的數(shù)據(jù)資料時(shí)與復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞連用。Educational sistics is of great importance to most of themodern countries.教育統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)對(duì)多數(shù)現(xiàn)代國家來說都非常重要。Remembert these sistics describe college freshmen in2005. 別忘了, 這些統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)是關(guān)于 2005 年的一年級(jí)新生的?!就逶~】:sistical a.統(tǒng)計(jì)的, 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的v. 集中,專注于,濃縮concentraten. 濃縮物,精礦

7、【用法】:concentrate on (upon )集中,全神貫注于concentrate ones attention on (upon) 把注意力集中在A driver should concentrate on the road when driving.e.g.開車時(shí)駕駛員的注意力要集中在。The company has concentrated on overseas rathernthe domestic market. 這家公司關(guān)注海外市場, 而不是國內(nèi)市場。【常見搭配】: concentrate rays of lighto a focus 把光線集中在焦點(diǎn)上Industri

8、al development is being concentratedhe west ofthe country.這個(gè)國家的西部正集中發(fā)展工業(yè)。concentrated milk 煉乳fruit juice concentrate 濃縮果汁soybean protein concentrate 大豆?jié)饪s蛋白gravity concentrate 重選精礦ore concentrate 精礦【同族詞】:concentration n. 集中, 集合, 專心,濃縮, 濃度domestic a. 家庭的,國內(nèi)的;馴服的,家事【常見搭配】: domestic airsdomestic chores

9、家庭雜務(wù)domestic airline 國內(nèi)航線domestic commerce 國內(nèi)貿(mào)易domestic markets 國內(nèi)市場domestic and foreign news 國內(nèi)外domestic goods (products) 國產(chǎn), 國貨【同族詞】:domesticate v. 馴養(yǎng), 馴化, 使歸化vt. 辯論,考慮,商討debaten. 爭論,辯論,思考【用法】debate 毫無疑義, 無可爭辯open the debate 在辯論時(shí)首先發(fā)言(問題)debate on(upon) a question【常見搭配】:e.g. There is a heated debat

10、e about the feasibility of this project. 就這一項(xiàng)目的可行性進(jìn)行著激烈的爭論.正在個(gè)人收入所得稅Theernment is debating thee tax.進(jìn)行辯論【詞義辨析】:debate, argue, dispute, quarrel 和contend 都有辯論、爭論的意思。debate 側(cè)重指辯論者分為明顯的兩方,公開爭論某問題,如:The candidates agreed to debate thenes face to face. 候選人都同意就競選問題進(jìn)行面對(duì)面i的辯論;argue 強(qiáng)調(diào)陳述事實(shí)或理由來支持別人所的觀點(diǎn),如:The s

11、peaker arguedt more immigrants should beadmitted to the country.講演者舉出理由證明應(yīng)該允許的入境;dispute 表示觀點(diǎn)不同,通常為的駁斥而非申論理由的辯論, 如: Members of the legislaturehe military budget.機(jī)關(guān)的成disputed over increases員就增加軍事一事上爭論不休;quarrel 強(qiáng)調(diào)敵意,常指友好關(guān)系的終止,如:Theres no poin quarrelling aboutthe past. 為過去的事而爭吵是沒有用的;contend 指極力爭論或辯論,

12、如:The defence contendedt the evidence wasinadmissible.方聲稱是不可接受的【同族詞】:debatable a. 可爭辯的, 未決定的, 有爭議的*subsequent a. 隨后的,后來的,繼起的【構(gòu)詞分析】:前綴 sub-(下面)+ sequent(順序的)【用語】:subsequent upon作為.的結(jié)果而發(fā)生的, 接著.發(fā)生的【常見搭配】:subsequent application 后來的申請(qǐng)subsequent collection 補(bǔ)收ndling 后續(xù)工序subsequensubsequent prosing 下一工序, 后續(xù)

13、加工the period subsequent to the war 戰(zhàn)后時(shí)期【同族詞】:subsequently ad. 其后, 其次, 接著subsequence n. 后來,*commit v. 犯(錯(cuò)誤),承諾,提交【構(gòu)詞分析】:前綴 com- (完全)+ mit (送),“完全送去”引申為“送交,提交”【常見搭配】:commit a murder 犯謀殺罪commit suicidecommit him to jail 將他監(jiān)禁He would not commit himself in any way.他不愿作任何承諾。【用語】:commit olf to a promise 受諾

14、言的約束commit to memory 記住, 牢記lf to 委身于, 專心致志于commit olf (on) 表達(dá)個(gè)人的意見commit oe.g. Chairman refused to commit himself on the controversial在作必要subject before making due investigations.的研究之前對(duì)這個(gè)有爭論表態(tài)。The researchers have a commitment to the experiment. 研究人員對(duì)這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)很投入?!驹~義辨析】:commit, consign, entrust, confide

15、和 relegate 都指把某物為了一個(gè)目的例如照應(yīng)或保持安全而移作他用。commit一般指送到另一個(gè)人的控制之下,或指把東西移交給上級(jí)或處所,如:Teral sent the troops committedo battle.將軍派由他指揮的去戰(zhàn)斗。to his charge限制在醫(yī)The patient was committed to the hospital.院;consign 指交由他人保護(hù)或負(fù)責(zé),暗指從的直接控制之下拿走,如:The owner consigned the paings toa dealer for sale. 所有者將畫委托商人出售;entrust 強(qiáng)調(diào)出于對(duì)別人

16、信任和信心而托付,如:The task was tooimportant to be entrusted to a child. 此任務(wù)太重要而不能托付給兒童;confide 指帶有把握或信賴性的委托,如:She confided her plans to her family. 她把自己的計(jì)劃吐露給家人;relegate 指委托給一個(gè)特別的階層、職位或小圈子,常暗含著擺脫的意味,如:Some scientists relegateparapsychology to the sphere of quackery. 一些科學(xué)家把靈學(xué)歸類到騙術(shù)范圍?!就逶~】:commitment n. 委托,承

17、諾, 奉獻(xiàn), 義務(wù)mechanism n. 機(jī)械裝置,機(jī)構(gòu),機(jī)制【常見搭配】: the mechanism of機(jī)構(gòu)ernmentthe mechanism of the body 身體的結(jié)構(gòu)a defense mechanism 戒備的心理狀態(tài)chemical mechanism 化學(xué)機(jī)理【同族詞】:mechanist n. 機(jī)械論者mechanistic adj.機(jī)械論學(xué)說的, 機(jī)械論的vt. 同意,準(zhǔn)予,授予grant金,助學(xué)金,撥款,津貼n.【常見搭配】:grant a request 同意要求grant aid 給予幫助granted the franchise to all cit

18、izens 給予所有公民權(quán)醫(yī)療研究federal grants for medical researchmaenance grant (學(xué)生)生活金,助學(xué)金fellowship grant 研究金【用語】:ranted 認(rèn)為理所當(dāng)然ake it fto do sth. 準(zhǔn)許做某事to grant sb. permis【詞義辨析】:grant,vouchsafe,concede,accord 和 award 都有給予幫助或給予某種的意思。grant 暗指處于較置的施與者給予請(qǐng)求人或乞求者某些本可以不給的東西,如:滿足了請(qǐng)The authority granted the petitioners

19、request愿者的要求;vouchsafe 更著重強(qiáng)調(diào)施與者的優(yōu)等地位并意含屈尊,如:The queen wont vouchsafe an answer不會(huì)屈尊給你一個(gè);to your question.concede 通常暗指回應(yīng)要求而不情愿地給予,如:The citizens had to concede the mayors incorruptiblehonesty. 市民們不得不承認(rèn)的清白誠實(shí);accord 暗指給予別人應(yīng)該得到的東西,或與別人的特征、地位相適應(yīng)的東西,如:We must accord the senator the respect須給予議員她應(yīng)有的尊敬;award

20、 暗示she is due.經(jīng)過仔細(xì)考慮有關(guān)的事實(shí)后,給予應(yīng)得的或性的東西,如:They hopes to be awarded a stipend for furtherresearch. 他們希望能被給予進(jìn)一步研究的費(fèi)用。*profesal a. 職業(yè)的,內(nèi)行的,有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的n. 專業(yè),內(nèi)行【構(gòu)詞分析】:前綴 pro-(面)+fess(說)-ion(名詞后綴)-al(形容詞后綴),“面的”引申為“內(nèi)行的,職業(yè)的”【常見搭配】: profesal standards 專業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)al ethics 職業(yè)道德profesal training 職業(yè)訓(xùn)練profesamateur and profesa

21、l actors 業(yè)余和專業(yè)演員【同族詞】:profesn. 職業(yè), 專業(yè), 表白, 宣布ally ad.專業(yè)地, 內(nèi)行地profesoverall a. 全面的,綜合的,從頭到尾的ad. 總的來說,大體上,全面地n. 工裝褲【構(gòu)詞分析】:over(遍及、全部地)+ all(所有的)【常見搭配】:the overall costs of medical care 醫(yī)療的總花銷an overall survey 全面的觀察()良好的總體印象a favorable overall impresoverall utilization 綜合利用are still rising. 大體說來,物價(jià)仍在上漲

22、。Overall, prihypothesis n. 假設(shè),前提【復(fù)數(shù)】:hypotheses【常見搭配】: scientific hypothesis 科學(xué)假說【用語】:raise a hypothesis 提出一個(gè)假設(shè)【同族詞】: hypothesize v. 假設(shè), 假定,猜測hypothetical a. 假設(shè)的,假定的,研究investigate v.【常見搭配】:investigate一件事情o an airHe has been investigated and found blameless.他已被,發(fā)現(xiàn)并無罪過?!驹~義辨析】:examine,inspect,investiga

23、te 和 scan 都含有“檢查”、“調(diào)查”的意思。examine 指仔細(xì)或, 如 The doctorexamined him carefully. 醫(yī)生仔細(xì)檢查了他的身體; inspect 指仔細(xì)查看是否有之處或不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的地方,如:They inspected the work of the institute.他們檢查了學(xué)院的工作;investigate 指用某種方法、分步驟地對(duì)復(fù)雜情況或問題, 以事實(shí)、分析原因、找出特點(diǎn),如:investigate the cause of a railway accident一次鐵路事故的原因;scan 指細(xì)看、審視,如:His motherscann

24、ed his face to see if he wasling the truth.他的母親仔細(xì)觀察他的面容想查明他是否說真話?!就逶~】: investigation n., 研究summary n. 摘要,概要a. 簡明的,概括的【常見搭配】:investigation summary 觀察提要;總結(jié)general condensed summary 要點(diǎn)說明a summary review 簡明扼要的觀點(diǎn)ccount 簡要論述a sumsummary of labor cost 人工成本匯總表e and expenses 收益費(fèi)用匯總表summary of【同族詞】:summarize

25、 v. 概括, 總結(jié), 相加e v. 強(qiáng)加,征稅;施影響*im【構(gòu)詞分析】:前綴 im-(向內(nèi))+e(放置),“強(qiáng)行放入”引申為“強(qiáng)加”【常見搭配】:e a tax 征稅imed a fraud on consumers 把假貨兜售給顧客imettlement 強(qiáng)制推行和平解決imea【用語】:e on (upon) 強(qiáng)加于,利用,征稅imlf (upon) sb.硬纏著; 打擾ime o【同族詞】: im,負(fù)擔(dān),強(qiáng)加ition n.civil a. 公民的,民間的;文職的,有禮貌的【常見搭配】:civil duties 公民義務(wù)的門the civil branches ofernmentth

26、e civil service 文職,(以外的全部)行政機(jī)構(gòu)civil case 民事civil aviationcivil war 內(nèi)戰(zhàn)a civil answer 有禮貌的回答【同族詞】:civilization n. 文化,文明code n. 代碼,;,規(guī)則v. 把.編成,編/譯(碼)【常見搭配】:the Morse code 摩電碼code translator 譯a traffic code 交通a code of behavior 行為規(guī)范【同族詞】:encode v. 編碼,譯碼, 譯解decode vt.series n. 一系列,批,a. 串聯(lián)的; 成批的【注意】:serie

27、s 作“一套”的單數(shù)意思時(shí),跟單數(shù)動(dòng)詞,即使當(dāng) series緊接著 of 和一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)也是如此:A series oflectures is scheduled. 一套已安排好了;當(dāng)它有“一套或多套”的復(fù)數(shù)意思時(shí),則需跟復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞:Two series oflectures are scheduled, one for experts and one forlaypeople.兩套已安排好了,一套為專業(yè)準(zhǔn)備,一套為非專業(yè)準(zhǔn)備。【常見搭配】:a series of booksa series of cells 電池組series of good harvests 連年豐收series 第一輯t

28、heernational series of monographs in (on)國際.專論叢集【用語】:a series of 一系列, 許多in series 連續(xù),逐次,按順序排列的,作為的in series with 與.串聯(lián), 與.相連【詞義辨析】:series,sequen和 chain 都含“依次排列的一uc連串事物等”的意思。series 指一連串彼此有聯(lián)系的人物或事件,如:a series of TV plays 電視連續(xù)??;sequence 指在次序、字母順序、觀念、事物或因果等方面緊密聯(lián)系而不可分的系列,如:the sequence of events 一系列事件;指在時(shí)

29、間或次序上相連續(xù)的事物, 如: asucof errors 接二連三的錯(cuò)誤;chain 指連結(jié)在一suc起的一系列事物,如:a chain of ideas 一連串想法。apparent a. 顯然的,表面上的【常見搭配】: apparent cause 表面原因an apparent advantage 表面上的優(yōu)勢Theso-calleddistinctionbetnpureandappdn real. 理論科學(xué)家和應(yīng)用scientists are more apparent科學(xué)家所謂的區(qū)別是表面上的,而不是實(shí)際存在的?!驹~義辨析】:evident,obvious 和apparent 都含

30、“明顯的” 意思。evident多用于推理及抽象的事, 指“明顯的”,如:Its evidenttthe plan is impracticable.很明顯這計(jì)劃是不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的;obvious 指“容易知道或發(fā)現(xiàn), 無須解釋或證明的”, 如:Its obvioust a man isnt strong enough to lift an elephant.很明顯, 一個(gè)人是不能舉起大象的;apparent 含“一目了然的”的意思, 還可指“上容易理解的”,如:Itst you cant be trusted. 很顯然, 你是不賴apparent的?!就逶~】: apparently ad. 顯然

31、地adequacy n. 適當(dāng),充分,足夠【常見搭配】e.g. The se-owned commerl bis striving for a capital adequacy of8%. 這家國有商業(yè)正努力實(shí)現(xiàn) 8%的資本充足率?!就逶~】:adequate adj. 適當(dāng)?shù)? 足夠的adequay adv. 充分地ethnic a.( = ethnical)人種的,種族的【常見搭配】: ethnic minorities 少數(shù)民族【同族詞】:ethnically ad. 人種上, 民族上contrast n. 對(duì)比,相反,差異v. 使與.對(duì)照,和.形成對(duì)照【常見搭配】:brightness

32、 contrast 亮度對(duì)比There is a sharp contrast betn his earr and later works.他的早期作品和晚期作品截然不同。His research findings contrast with those of the previousresearchers. 他的研究結(jié)果和前人的結(jié)果形成鮮明的對(duì)比【用語】:in contrast with (to) 和.形成對(duì)比by contrast with 和.成對(duì)照; 和.比起來present (form) a striking contrast to 和.成顯著的對(duì)比contrast finely w

33、ith 和.對(duì)比起來更加鮮明【同族詞】:contrastive adj. 對(duì)比的output n. 產(chǎn)量,輸出,作品【構(gòu)詞分析】:out(在外面)put(擺放,提出)【常見搭配】:aggregate output 總生產(chǎn)額the annual output of steel 鋼的年產(chǎn)量the total value of industrial output 工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值data output 數(shù)據(jù)輸出【反義詞】:inputv. 輸入n. 收入job n. 工作,任務(wù),職務(wù),程序作業(yè)vi. 做零工,做經(jīng)紀(jì),假公濟(jì)私vt. 批發(fā), 承包,【常見搭配】:jobting 求職job descriptio

34、n 工作說明書【用語】:on the job 留心著,警惕著【同族詞】:jobless a. 失業(yè)的;n. 失業(yè)者n. 跳槽job-hopt vt. 找工作job-goal n. 目的,目標(biāo);得分【常見搭配】: academic goal 教學(xué)目的a common goal 一個(gè)共同的目標(biāo)ones goal in life 生活的目的(標(biāo))get (make, score) a goal 得一分, 踢進(jìn)一個(gè)球win by two goals 以兩球獲勝【用語】:kick a goal 踢進(jìn)一球knock sb. for a goal 給以狠命一擊, 把打昏在地;給予以良好的深刻的印象;(在、表

35、演等中)取得驚人的成績【同族詞】:goal-directeda. 有目的的goalkeeper n. (足球等運(yùn)動(dòng)的)守門員goallessa. 漫無目的的cycle n. 循環(huán),周期v. 循環(huán),輪轉(zhuǎn),騎自行車【常見搭配】:a vicious cycle 惡性循環(huán)business (trade) cycle 商業(yè)盛衰的循環(huán)a cycle of the seasons 四季的周期循環(huán)【同族詞】:cyclical a. 輪轉(zhuǎn)的, 循環(huán)的ernal a. 內(nèi)在的,固有的;國內(nèi)的*【構(gòu)詞分析】:前綴er-()+-n- + -al(的)【常見搭配】:ernal cause 內(nèi)因ernal airline

36、 國內(nèi)航線ernal medicine 內(nèi)科醫(yī)學(xué)審計(jì)ernal audit重組ernal restructuring【同族詞】:ernally adv. 在內(nèi), 在中心ernalize v. 使內(nèi)在化【反義詞】:external a. 外部的, 客觀的, (醫(yī))外用的,外國的, 表面的n. 度(數(shù)),維(數(shù)),元dimen【常見搭配】: of one dimen一維(度)的, 線性的of three dimens 三維(度)的,的of two dimens 二維(度)的, 平面的a problem of alarming dimens 警報(bào)范圍Velocity has the dimens o

37、f length divided by time.速度為長度除以時(shí)間的量綱。What are the dimens of this language laboratory?這個(gè)語言的面積是多少?【同族詞】:dimenal a. 空間的resolve v. 分解,溶解,使下決心,決議vt. 解決【常見搭配】:resolve a解決resolve on a course of action 決定行動(dòng)過程a man of resolve 剛毅的人. 這混合物分解This mixture resolveso two substan成兩種物質(zhì)?!居谜Z】:be it resolved 茲決議, 決議如下t

38、 . 大會(huì)決議.The assembly resolvedkeep ones resolve 堅(jiān)持make a resolve to do sth.決心做某事【同族詞】:resolution n. 決議, 決心approximate a. 近似的,大約的v. 接近,約計(jì)【常見搭配】: an approximateysis 大概的分析the approximate time of the accident 事故的大致時(shí)間勾畫出嫌sketched an approximaikeness of the疑者的大致肖像The design approximates perfection. 這個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)幾乎是

39、完美的。The approximate time is three oclock.大概的時(shí)間是三點(diǎn)鐘。【用語】:(常與 to 連用)近似,相近,接近e.g. His description approximated to the truth but there were afew errors.他的描述與事實(shí)已經(jīng)接近,但是有一些錯(cuò)誤。【同族詞】:approximay adv. 近似地hence ad. 因此,所以,自此以后【常見搭配】:handmade and hence expensive 手工制造,因此很貴They grew uphe Sudan; hence theirerest in

40、Nubianart.他們?cè)谔K丹長大;由是產(chǎn)生了對(duì)努比亞藝術(shù)的The town was built among the hills, hence the nameHilltown.該城鎮(zhèn)修建在群山之中, 故取名“山城”。seven years hence 從此時(shí)起七年以后,校長principal n.a. 主要的,首要的【常見搭配】: principal of business house 商行the principal of a college 院長the principal sum 資本, 本金the principal pos 要點(diǎn)【詞義辨析】:chief,principal,main,l

41、eading,foremost,primary 和prime這些形容詞指在等級(jí)或重要性上占首要地位的東西。Chief 指具有最高的一個(gè)人, 如: CEO( ChiefExecutive Officer)執(zhí)行,首席執(zhí)行官,用作比喻意義時(shí)chief 含有最大重要性或最大價(jià)值的意思,如:Her孩子們是她最大的。children were her chief joy.principal 適用于在等級(jí)、權(quán)力或意義上處于第一位的人或物,如:their principal source of entertaent 他們樂趣的第一來源。main 適用于在范圍、尺寸、或重要性上超過其它的東西,如:the mai

42、n building on the cus 校園里最主要的建筑物;leading 含有個(gè)人、成就或者影響他人的適合性或能力的意思,如:She is one ofns of the city. 她是城中最好的醫(yī)生之the leading physi一。foremost 同leading 有密切聯(lián)系,但更加強(qiáng)調(diào)第一的地位和遙遙領(lǐng)先于他人的含義,如:the foremost researchscientist of the day 現(xiàn)今處于最前列的研究科學(xué)家;primary 強(qiáng)調(diào)在、結(jié)果或者發(fā)展的意義上的第一位的,如:attending primary school 小學(xué),它也可以指在“基礎(chǔ)的”或“

43、根本的”意義上第一位的,如:The primarynd shelter. 住宅function of a house is to provide warm最基本的功能是提供溫暖,遮蔽風(fēng)雨;prime 適用于與其它東西相比較處于第一位的東西以及質(zhì)量最好的東西,如:a theory of prime significance 極具重要性的理論,prime veal 上等小牛肉?!就逶~】:principally ad. 主要地,首要attitude n. 態(tài)度,看法,【常見搭配】:an attitude of open hostility 公開的態(tài)度What is the Municipal Au

44、thoritys attitude to the proal ofa tunnel across the river? 市府對(duì)這過江隧道的提案看法?fast-glide attitude 高速滑翔姿態(tài)【用語】:方法; 看法, 觀點(diǎn)attitude of mindstrike (take up) an attitude of 擺出一種姿態(tài),裝模作樣me) an attitude of 采取.態(tài)度take (a【同族詞】: attitudinal adj. 態(tài)度的, 根據(jù)(或表示)個(gè)人態(tài)度的*retain vt. 保留,保持【構(gòu)詞分析】:前綴 re-(回)+ tain(拿),“拿回來”引申為“保留

45、”【常見搭配】: retain ones balance 保持平衡a retaining fee 聘用定金The Chiernment will retahe controllingerests在哪些重要工業(yè)in those key industrial companies.企業(yè)中會(huì)保留控股權(quán)?!就逶~】:retainable a. 可保留的,可記住的,可聘請(qǐng)的,可雇用的*promote vt. 促進(jìn);宣傳,促銷;【構(gòu)詞分析】:前綴 pro-(向前)+ mote(移動(dòng))【用語】: promote growth (prosperity, understanding) 促進(jìn)增長(繁榮, 了解)be

46、 promoted (to be / to the rof) 被為【常見搭配】:It is expectedt the new agreement will promote thedevelopment of science and technology in the westernprovince. 人們希望該協(xié)議會(huì)促進(jìn)這一西部省份科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展。The company has invested USD 100m on TV commerls topromote their new products. 這家公司投資 1 億拍攝電視, 推銷其新產(chǎn)品。He has been promoted t

47、o the COO of the Greater China Area.他升職為大中華區(qū)的首席執(zhí)行官。【同族詞】: promotion n. 促進(jìn),,實(shí)現(xiàn),執(zhí)行*implement vt.n. 工具【構(gòu)詞分析】: 前綴 im-(進(jìn)入)+ ple(滿)+-ment(名詞后綴)“進(jìn)入”,引申為“實(shí)現(xiàn)”【常見搭配】: farming implements 農(nóng)具implement a contract 履行合同implement ones ideas 實(shí)施的設(shè)想implement the new procedures 實(shí)施新的程序Thecommitteesdeciswillbeimplemented的

48、決定將立即執(zhí)行。immediay.【同族詞】: implemenion n. 補(bǔ)充,工具,執(zhí)行sum n. 總數(shù),金額vt. 概括,總結(jié)【常見搭配】: sum total 總數(shù), 總計(jì)a good sum 可觀的金額the sum (and substance) of. 要點(diǎn), 要義,精義sum up the days news 概括了當(dāng)天的【用語】:a tidy sum 相當(dāng)巨大的款項(xiàng)in sum 大體上,一言以蔽之,總之the sum (and substance) of. 要點(diǎn),要義,精義sum total 總數(shù),總計(jì)sum up 總計(jì),概括,總結(jié),判斷,估量s n. 進(jìn)入,入門acvt

49、. 存取,接近【常見搭配】: acs to market 進(jìn)入市場的機(jī)會(huì)s (館)開架閱覽open acs 易于接近easy of ac【用語】:be easy (hard, difficult) of acs 容易(難)接近give acs to 接見,準(zhǔn)許出入have (gain, get, obtain) acs to 得以接近,得以會(huì)見,得以進(jìn)入,得以使用s(館)開架閱覽open ace.g. Acs roads will be built to the airport from the larger towns nearby.附近大些的城鎮(zhèn)都會(huì)修建便捷的道路到機(jī)場。Do you ha

50、ve ac可以借s to the books館的書嗎?he university library?【同族詞】: acsible adj. 能接近的,易受影響的,好相處的*project n. 計(jì)劃,項(xiàng)目vt. 放映,計(jì)劃【構(gòu)詞分析】: 前綴 pro-(向前)+ ject(扔),“向前扔”引申為“投射、計(jì)劃”【常見搭配】:graduation project 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)demonstration project 示范項(xiàng)目projected aitive corporate image 傳達(dá)公司正面的形象project a film on the screen 把影片映在銀幕上【同族詞】:proje

51、ction n. 放映, 規(guī)劃, 方案,obvious a.明顯的,顯著的,顯而易見的【常見搭配】:an obvious advantage 顯著的優(yōu)勢an obvious political ploy 一個(gè)易被識(shí)破的政治手法【用語】:t很明顯,顯然t even if we can save much energy, we canIt is obviouse.g. It is obviousonly delay the energy crisis.很明顯,即使能節(jié)約很多能量,也只能推遲能源的到來。【同族詞】:obviously adv 明顯地,顯然【詞義辨析】:見apparentunderta

52、ke v. 承擔(dān),從事,保證【常見搭配】: undertake a task 開始進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)任務(wù)t 擔(dān)任一個(gè)職位undertake a【用語】:lf to do sth. 自己承擔(dān)某事undertake olf to care for an elderly relative 自己承擔(dān)關(guān)e.g.undertake o照年長的親戚【同族詞】:undertaking n. 事業(yè), 企業(yè), 承諾option n. 選擇,取舍【常見搭配】:double option 雙方的取舍權(quán)task option 任務(wù)選擇認(rèn)購權(quán)qualified stock option【用語】leave ones options

53、open 不表態(tài);留有回旋余地make ones option 進(jìn)行選擇at ones option 隨意have no option but to (do)除了.以外沒有他法,只好【詞義辨析】:choice,alternative,option,preference,selection 和 election這些名詞中都表示選擇的行為、能力或權(quán)力。choice 用途最廣泛,指從一組人或物中進(jìn)行選擇的,如:The store offersa wide choice of fruits and vegetables. 商店提供許多可供選擇的水果和蔬菜。I had no choicetheir de

54、ciwas final. 我沒有選擇的余地他們的決定已成定局;alternative 強(qiáng)調(diào)在只有兩種可能性或者行為方式之間所作的選擇,如:The wayternative road.這條路被擋住was blocked, so we went by了,因此走了另一條路; option 常常側(cè)重于已經(jīng)被等所授予的一種選擇能力或,如:The options betnacceptingthecandidatetheadministration proes andreconstituting the search committee. 可以在接受由提名的候選人以及重組選拔之間作出選擇。preferenc

55、e 指基于個(gè)人價(jià)值觀、偏見或偏好上的選擇,如:We were offered可以選擇自己喜歡的葡萄酒;our preference of wines.selection 含有可供選擇的許多不同的人或物的意思,如:Parents should exercise care in their selection of the moviestheir young children see. 家長們?cè)跒樗麄兡暧椎暮⒆觽兲暨x所看的時(shí)應(yīng)謹(jǐn)慎;election特別強(qiáng)調(diào)選擇時(shí)使用判斷力,如:The universitymends the election of courses inition and liter

56、ature.校方建議選擇有關(guān)寫作與文學(xué)的課com程。【同族詞】: optional a. 任選的, 隨意的, 非強(qiáng)制的attribute vt. 把.歸因于,認(rèn)為n. 屬性,特質(zhì),標(biāo)志【常見搭配】:file attribute 文件屬性physical attribute 身體素質(zhì)er. 權(quán)杖是權(quán)力的標(biāo)志。A scepter is the attribute of【用語】e.g.attribute sth. to 認(rèn)為某事物是.的屬性; 把某事物歸功于The modern scientific method is usually attributed toGalileo.現(xiàn)代科學(xué)方法通常被認(rèn)為

57、是創(chuàng)造的。s to luck. 他把成功歸結(jié)為運(yùn)氣He attributed his suc好。【同族詞】: attribution n. 歸屬,歸因,屬性*communicate v. 傳達(dá),通訊,聯(lián)絡(luò),交流【構(gòu)詞分析】:前綴 com-(共同)+ mun(公共)-ic+-ate“大家共有”引申為“交流”【用語】:communicated the new dao our office 給傳送新資料與人聯(lián)絡(luò)communicate wicommunicate a secret 告知communicate a disease 傳染疾病The Minister for Foreign Airs has

58、 already communicated.部長已經(jīng)跟on this event with the American就此事件交換過意見了?!就逶~】:communication n. 傳達(dá),信息,交通,通訊,預(yù)報(bào),預(yù)知*predict vt.【構(gòu)詞分析】:前綴 pre-(預(yù)先)+ dict(說),“預(yù)先說”引申為“”【常見搭配】: predict rain for tomorrow 預(yù)告明天有雨predict an eclipse 預(yù)報(bào)日(月)蝕The earthquake had been predicted several months before.這次早在幾個(gè)月以前就發(fā)布了預(yù)報(bào)?!驹~義

59、辨析】:predict,call,forecast,forel 和prognosticate 這些動(dòng)詞所共有的中心意思是“憑借特殊知識(shí)或推理在事情發(fā)生之前預(yù)先”:predict an eclipse 預(yù)報(bào)日(月)蝕;couldnte of the game 不能比賽結(jié)果;call theforecasting the weather 預(yù)報(bào)天氣;foretold the collapse of的; prognosticatingtheernmenta一場叛亂。rebellion【同族詞】:predictable a. 可預(yù)料的occupy vt. 占用,占據(jù),忙于,充任【常見搭配】:occupy

60、 a house 住在一所房子內(nèi)occupy a taxi 乘出租車occupy space 占空間occupy time 占時(shí)間occupies an importantition 充任要職【用語】:be occupied in 正在(做某事)occupy olf with 從事于., 忙于., 專心于.occupy olf in 從事于., 忙于., 專心于.e.g. The students are fully occupied with their graduation theses.學(xué)生們專心于的寫作。【同族詞】:occupation n. 職業(yè), 占有*confer vt. 授與,

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