a03基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)lesson17the longest suspension b年8月12日星期四6時(shí)16分29秒

1、Lesson 17 The longest suspension bridge in the world Objective: Review the usage of passive voice. Comment on the compositionThe money is not everything. But the people all have to live on it.Money is not everything. But all the people have to live on it. But people all have to live on it.Some perso

2、ns are rich. Some persons are poor.Some people are rich. Some people are poor.Comment on the compositionYou can buy something what you want to buy.You can buy something that you want to buy.I have a friend that she is very rich.I have a friend that / who is very rich.I Warm upWhere do you think this

3、 is?(New York City.)How do you know?(There is the Statue of Liberty.)II New words & Expressionssuspend vt.(1)吊起, 懸掛eg. The workers suspended a lamp from the ceiling. 工人們把燈掛在天花板上。The lamp is suspended from the ceiling. 燈掛在天花板上。(2) 使停職學(xué), 除名eg. Tom is suspended from school for a week for bad conduct.湯姆

4、因?yàn)樾袨椴欢吮煌W(xué)一周。II New words & Expressionssuspend vt.(3) 懸而未決; 保留(承諾, 判斷等); 暫時(shí)不做判決決定; 推遲、緩期(執(zhí)行) eg. The sentence was death penalty suspended for a year.判處死刑, 緩期執(zhí)行一年。(4) 中止, 暫停, 暫時(shí)作廢eg. suspend payment 暫停付款suspend talks 中止談判中止外交關(guān)糸suspend diplomatic relationsII New words & Expressionssuspension n.(1)懸, 吊;

5、 懸掛物eg. a suspension bridge 懸橋, 吊橋(2)中止, 暫停,暫時(shí)停職;暫時(shí)停學(xué)eg. the suspension of payment 暫停付款suspension of arms 停戰(zhàn)suspension from school暫時(shí)停學(xué)suspension points / suspension periods【語(yǔ)】省略號(hào).agreeable adj.(1)To ones liking; pleasing. 令人愉快的，愜意的,符合某人的愛好的；eg.宜人的天氣agreeable weather悅耳的This song is agreeable to the e

6、ar. I find her a very agreeable woman.我發(fā)現(xiàn)她是個(gè)和藹可親的女人。(2) Ready to consent or submit 同意的, 樂意服從的eg.你同意我的建議嗎? Are you agreeable to my suggestion? 我們都樂意照你的建議去做。 We are all agreeable to do what you suggest.II New words & ExpressionsII New words & Expressionssituation n.(1) The way in which something is po

7、sitioned vs its surroundings, the place in which something is situated; a location 位置, 地點(diǎn)eg. The house has a fine situation. 這所房子位置很好。(2) Position or status with regard to conditions and circumstances, the combination of circumstances at a given moment; a state of affairs.情況，處境, 形勢(shì)，局面eg. Our situati

8、on is very difficult. 處境很困難。The situation in Iraq was complicated. 形勢(shì)非常復(fù)雜。(3) A position of employment; a post. 職業(yè)；職務(wù)eg. hold a situation 有職業(yè)look for a situation 謀職II New words & Expressionslocatevt. (1) To determine or specify the position or limits of 確定或指定的位置或范圍,找到位置eg. I cannot locate the shop.

9、我找不到這家商店。(2)To place at a certain location; station or situate 設(shè)置在；駐扎或使位于Phrase: locate/situate + sth. + prep. + sp. 把設(shè)置在sth. + be located/situated + prep. + sp. 位于eg.他將新店設(shè)于北京路。He located his new store on Beijing Road.His new store is located on Beijing Road.廣外坐落在白云山腳下。GDUFS is located at the foot o

10、f the Baiyun Mountains.新機(jī)場(chǎng)建在花都。The new airport is located in Huadu.Sth. Stand in sp.Sth. lie in sp.Sth. Be located in sp.II New words & Expressionslocatevi. To e established; settle 設(shè)立下來；住下來eg. He went to New York and located there.他到紐約就定居在那里了。II New words & Expressionsimmortal adj. 不死的, 不朽的, 流芳百世的

11、eg. the immortal soul 不死的靈魂Nobody is immortal. 人都要死的。人民英雄永垂不朽。The heroes of the people are immortal.mortal adj. 終有一死的, (臨)死的;致命的; 世間的, 凡人的; 人類的; 你死我活的, 不共戴天的; eg. a mortal wound 致命傷the mortal hour 臨終時(shí)刻mortal morals 人的道德mortal remains 遺體絕癥a mortal disease 你死我活的戰(zhàn)斗 a mortal combatII New words & Express

12、ionsspan n. 指距;全長(zhǎng)，跨度距, 延續(xù)的(一段)時(shí)間; (壽命)長(zhǎng)度; (思想的)廣度; eg. measure by spans 用指距來量the whole span of a bridge橋的全長(zhǎng)the whole span of English history 英國(guó)歷史的全程the span of memory 記憶所及一個(gè)人的一生the span of a mans life 壽命lifespan 在短短的三年時(shí)間內(nèi)in a short span of three years 擴(kuò)大知識(shí)面widen the span of knowledge II New words &

13、Expressionsconcreteadj. 具體的；實(shí)在的；有形的eg. Beauty is not concrete but a door is. 美麗不是具體物，但門是。 Have you any concrete suggestion on how to deal with these difficulties? 對(duì)怎樣解決這些困難,你有沒有什么具體建議?n. 混凝土eg. The floor is made of concrete.II New words & Expressionsabstract adj. 抽象的；非具體的；非實(shí)在的; 難以理解的；深?yuàn)W的eg. an abstr

14、act concept 抽象概念抽象名詞an abstract noun Astronomy is an abstract subject. 天文學(xué)是一門深?yuàn)W的學(xué)科。abstract science 理論科學(xué)n. 摘要；摘錄;抽象；理論; 抽象藝術(shù)品eg. Can you make an abstract of the text? 你能否將課文作一摘要？II New words & Expressionslength n. 長(zhǎng)度; 一段；一截 ; (時(shí)間的) 長(zhǎng)短，期間 eg. the length of a road 路的長(zhǎng)度a pipe 20 metres in length 一根二十米長(zhǎng)

15、的管子a length of pipe 一節(jié)管子一截布a length of cloth II New words & Expressionsat length(1) After some time; eventually 終于經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間之后；最后eg. At length we arrived at our destination.我們終于到達(dá)了目的地.(2) For a considerable time; fully 詳盡地，徹底地，相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的一段時(shí)間；eg. The judge spoke at length about the court ruling.就法庭裁決做了長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的發(fā)言.I

16、I New words & Expressionsestimate vt. 估計(jì)；判斷，估價(jià)；（與in連用）估計(jì)到達(dá)eg. I estimate her age at 35. 我估計(jì)她有35歲。CA986 from San Francisco is estimating in at 22:25. 從舊金山飛來的CA986航班估計(jì)22點(diǎn)25分到達(dá)。phrase習(xí)慣用語(yǔ) estimate the cost of . 估計(jì).的成本estimate sb s ability 評(píng)價(jià)某人的能力it is estimated that 據(jù)估計(jì)eg. Have you estimated the cost o

17、f such a luxurious dinner? 你有沒有估算過舉辦一個(gè)如此奢侈的宴會(huì)的要花多少錢啊？The boss estimated her working ability highly. 老板對(duì)她的工作能力給予很高的評(píng)價(jià)。 It is estimated that about 1, 000 students graduate from GDUFS every year. 據(jù)估計(jì)每年大約一千名學(xué)生從廣外畢業(yè)。II New words & Expressionscapacity n. 容量；生產(chǎn)量; 能力；接受力eg. That bowl has a capacity of 200 m

18、l. 那只碗的容量有200ML。這個(gè)教室能容納50個(gè)人。The classroom has a seating capacity of 50 people.work capacity 工作量yearly capacity 年產(chǎn)量yield capacity 生產(chǎn)力; 生產(chǎn)量; a mind of great capacity 理解力極強(qiáng)的頭腦He has a capacity for speaking English.他能說英語(yǔ)。III Text StudyPlease close your text books. Listen to the tape of the text carefull

19、y and try to answer the following question: Who designed the bridge? (Othmar Ammann.)Read the text by yourselves and pay attention to the usage of passive voice.III Text StudyExplain the text: Verrazano, an Italian about whom little is known, sailed into New York Harbour in 1524 and named it Angoule

20、me.（1）paraphrase：Verrazano, an Italian about whom we know little, sailed into New York Harbour in 1524 and named it Angouleme.Verrazano, an Italian whom/who we know little about, sailed into New York Harbour in 1524 and named it Angouleme.（2）Structure: “whom” is used as object of prep. “about”, intr

21、oduces an attributive clause to modify “Verrazano, an Italian”. “whom”用做介詞“about”的賓語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句來修飾“Verrazano, an Italian”。III Text StudyExplain the text: Verrazano, an Italian about whom little is known, sailed into New York Harbour in 1524 and named it Angouleme.(3) phrase: know little (a lot, well)

22、about sb/sth sb/sth be known little (a lot, well) about little (a lot) be known about sb/sth 了解, 知道eg.我們對(duì)這個(gè)世界了解的還很少。 We still know little about the world.The world is still known little about. Still little is known about the world.（被）英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者所熟知的李陽(yáng)，昨天到我們學(xué)校來了Li Yang, whom/who the English learners know w

23、ellabout, came to our school yesterday.Li Yang, who is well known about by the English learners, came to our school yesterday.Name sth/sb sthIII Text StudyExplain the text: He described it as “a very agreeable situation located within two small hills in the midst of which flowed a great river”.(1) S

24、tructure: “which” is used as object of prep. phrase “in the midst of”; it introduces an attributive clause to modify “two small hills”. “which”用做介詞短語(yǔ)“in the midst of”的賓語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句來修飾“two small hills”。III Text Study(1) Structure: “flowed a great river” uses complete inversion; the normal order should

25、be “a great river flowed”. When adverbial or prepositional phrase is put at the beginning of the sentence/clause as adverbial, the predicate often is also put before the subject. “flowed a great river”用了完全倒裝，正常的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是“a great river flowed”。 come, lie, stand, walk等不及物動(dòng)詞+副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ), 常把狀語(yǔ)放在句首表強(qiáng)調(diào)，主謂常倒裝。e

26、g. On a hill in front of them stood a great castle.Round the corner walked a policeman.車來了。Here comes the bus.床上躺著一個(gè)傷兵。 On the bed lay a wounded soldier.現(xiàn)在輪到你了。 Now comes your turn. I have never seenNever have I seenIII Text StudyExplain the text: He described it as “a very agreeable situation locat

27、ed within two small hills in the midst of which flowed a great river”.(2) Phrase: describe sth/sb as 把描繪成regard sth/sb as 把當(dāng)做，認(rèn)為是refer to sth/sb as 把稱作，認(rèn)為是imagine sth/sb as 把想像成eg. Clearly he regarded me as a smuggler.People who work in offices are frequently referred to as white-collar workers.Some

28、 imagine it as a paradise.in the midst of: in the middle of, betweenIII Text StudyExplain the text: Though Verrazano is by no means considered to be a great explorer, his name will probably remain immortal, for on November 21st, 1964, the longest suspension bridge in the world was named after him.(1

29、) Structure: “Though” introduces an adverbial clause of concession; the main clause is made of a compound statement connected by “for”.“Though” 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，主句是一個(gè)由“for”連接的并列句組成的。III Text StudyExplain the text: Though Verrazano is by no means considered to be a great explorer, his name will probably rema

30、in immortal, for on November 21st, 1964, the longest suspension bridge in the world was named after him.(2) Phrases: consider sb to be把某人當(dāng)做 sb be considered to be某人被當(dāng)做by no means: not by any means, not at alleg. She is by no means an ordinary girl.He is by no means the best person for the job.這些貨一點(diǎn)也

31、不令人滿意。The goods are by no means satisfactory.這篇課文一點(diǎn)也不容易理解。This text is by no means easy to understand.III Text StudyExplain the text: Though Verrazano is by no means considered to be a great explorer, his name will probably remain immortal, for on November 21st, 1964, the longest suspension bridge i

32、n the world was named after him.(2) Phrases: name sth/sb after sth/sb 以的名字來命名 sth/sb be named after sth/sb 被命名為eg. Harvard University was named after its founder, John Harvard.這個(gè)圖書館是以邵逸夫的名字命名的。This library is named after Shao Yifu.約翰的名字是用他叔叔的名字取的。John was named after his uncle.III Text StudyExplain

33、the text: The Verrazano Bridge, which was designed by Othmar Ammann, joins Brooklyn to Staten Island.（1）Structure: “Which” introduces a non-restrictive attributive clause to modify “The Verrazano Bridge”. “which” 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句來修飾“The Verrazano Bridge”?！皐as designed” uses the passive voice. The active

34、 form is “Othmar Ammann designed the Verrazano Bridge.” “was designed”用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主動(dòng)形式應(yīng)該是“Othmar Ammann designed the Verrazano Bridge”。III Text StudyExplain the text: The Verrazano Bridge, which was designed by Othmar Ammann, joins Brooklyn to Staten Island.（2）Phrases: join sth to sth: connect sth with/t

35、o sth, link sth with sth 把和連接起來eg. This road joins the airport to the city of Guangzhou.This line joins my computer to the mainframe. III Text StudyExplain the text: The bridge is so long that the shape of the earth had to be taken into account by its designer.(1) Structure: “sothat” introduces an a

36、dverbial clause of result. “sothat” 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。III Text StudyExplain the text: The bridge is so long that the shape of the earth had to be taken into account.(2) Phrase: sth be taken into account take sth into account: take into consideration, consider sth, pay attention to sth 考慮；顧及eg. You must take

37、his illness into account before dismissing him.做母親的想要外出時(shí)不得不顧及到她的寶寶。A mother has to take her baby into account when she wants to go out.Her baby has to be taken into account when a mother wants to go out.你有沒有考慮過我的感受？Have you ever taken my feelings into account? III Text StudyExplain the text: The pla

38、tforms extend to a depth of 100 feet under the sea.The towers rise to a height of nearly 700 feet.(1) Phrase: to: prep. 達(dá)到（數(shù)量）eg.溫度降到了零下30度。 The temperature dropped to -30. 肉價(jià)已經(jīng)漲到了十八塊錢一斤。The price of meat has risen to eighteen yuan one jin.他已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)到190cm了。 He has grown to 190 cm.海平面下降到200米深了。 The sea le

39、vel fell to a depth of 200 meters. Explain the text: These (The platforms) alone took sixteen months to build.alone:Modern English Chinese Dictionary adj. 單獨(dú)的； 獨(dú)一無二的（only)eg. He alone knows the secret. 只有他一人知道秘密。 This key alone will open the door. 只有這把鑰匙能開這個(gè)門。 I am not alone in this opinion.不只是我一個(gè)人有

40、這想adv. 單獨(dú)；獨(dú)自eg. She lived alone. 她獨(dú)居。 He did it all alone.這事是他一個(gè)人干的。III Text Studyalone Modern English Chinese Comprehensive Dictionaryadj. 只作表語(yǔ) 單獨(dú)的; 孤獨(dú)的, 獨(dú)自的; 獨(dú)一無二的eg. He was alone in the house. 他獨(dú)自一人在家里。I am not alone in thinking so. 并非只有我才這樣想的。adv. 單獨(dú)地, 獨(dú)自地; 用在名詞或代詞之后只有, 唯有, 僅僅（only)eg,. He went

41、home alone. 他獨(dú)自一人回家去了。Smith alone knew what happened. 只有史密斯知道發(fā)生了什么事。You alone can help me. 只有你才能幫助我。III Text StudyExplain the text: They support the cables from which the bridge has been suspended.(1) Structure: “which” is used as the object of prep. “from” and introduces an attributive clause to mo

42、dify “the cables”. “which”用做介詞短語(yǔ)“from”的賓語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句來修飾“the cables”。 “has been suspended” uses the present perfect tense of passive voice. The active form is “the workers have suspended the bridge from the cables”. “has been suspended”用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主動(dòng)形式應(yīng)該是“the workers have suspended the bridge from the

43、cables”。III Text StudyExplain the text: It has been estimated that if the bridge were packed with cars, it would still only be carrying a third of its total capacity. (1) Paraphrase: That if the bridge were packed with cars, it would still only be carrying a third of its total capacity has been esti

44、mated. People has estimated that if the bridge were packed with cars, it would still only be carrying a third of its total capacity. III Text StudyExplain the text: It has been estimated that if the bridge were packed with cars, it would still only be carrying a third of its total capacity. (2) Stru

45、cture: “It” is a form subject; “that if ” is the real subject; “that” introduces a subjective clause; the main clause uses the present perfect tense of passive voice; and inside the subjective clause a “if” conditional clause is used with subjunctive mood.“It” 是形式主語(yǔ)，“that if ” 是真正的主語(yǔ)；“that” 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句；主句用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語(yǔ)從句中又出現(xiàn)了用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣的“if” 條件狀語(yǔ)從句。IV Drills & Exercises