德伯家的苔絲-presentation

1、Tess of the DUrbervillesThomas Hardy (1840-1928)17112303 顧蓉17112307 蔣愛家17112312 吳晶1精選可編輯pptContentsThe AuthorAnalysis on CharactersMain Idea Plot of the TextAnalysis on the Text2精選可編輯pptThomas Hardy(18401928)3精選可編輯pptThomas HardyLifeWorksTheme & StylePosition & Evaluation4精選可編輯pptLifeThomas Hardy wa

2、s an English novelist, short writer and poet.He was a Victorian poet. He used his writings to elaborate his own pessimistic view of life.5精選可編輯pptLife1840 was born in Dorsetshire1848 attended Julia Martins school1856 was apprenticed（當學徒） to a local architect1862 was sent to London1867 wrote poetry a

3、nd novels1874 married Emma Ravenna1910 was awarded the Order of Merit1914 married Florence Dugale1928 died6精選可編輯pptWorks1867 The Poor Man and The Lady1871 Desperate Remedies1872 Under the Greenwood Tree1873 A Pair of Blue Eyes1874 Far From the Madding Crowd1878 The Return of the Native1886 The Mayor

4、 of Casterbridge1887 The Woodlanders1891 Tess of the D Urebevilles1895 Jude the Obscure7精選可編輯pptWorksShort Stories1888 Wessex Tales1894 Lifes Little IroniesPoetry19041908 The Dynasts 8精選可編輯pptWorksHis novels were published in serial forms in magazines and popular in both England and America. However

5、, despite the praise Hardys fiction received, many critics also found his works too shocking, especially Tess of the DUrbervilles and Jude the Obscure. The outcry against Jude was so great that Hardy decided to stop writing novels and return to his first great love, poetry. 9精選可編輯ppt10精選可編輯pptTheme

6、& StyleThemefatalism and pessimism -mans life controlled by hostile, cruel, mysterious fate -a pessmistic vein runs throughout his novelssympathy for the peasants 11精選可編輯pptTheme & StyleStyleNaturalismprevious Romantic Enlightenment periods of literaturea naturalistic tendencyarchitectural structure

7、personification and symbolism12精選可編輯pptTheme & StyleNaturalism in the nineteenth century a product of post-Darwinian biology a literary movement as accurately as possible without artificial distortionsRomantic during the first third of the nineteenth century artistic philosophy reliance upon emotion

8、 and natural passions unique nature of the individual13精選可編輯pptPosition & EvaluationHis poetry marks the transition from the Victorian Age to the modernist movement of the 20th century. 14精選可編輯pptAnalysis on CharactersTess DurbeyfieldAlec dUrbervilleAngel Clare15精選可編輯pptTess DurbeyfieldIntelligent,

9、strikingly attractive, deep moral sensitivity, passionate intensity a mythic heroineSt. Teresa of Avila(圣女大德蘭) Theresa “Daughter of Nature” in Chapter 18 “Artemis” and “Demeter” in Chapter 2016精選可編輯pptTess Durbeyfielda mythical incarnation of womanhood her eyes are “neither black nor blue nor grey n

10、or violet; rather all these shades together,” like “an almost standard woman.” a “standard” story17精選可編輯pptTess Durbeyfieldthe changing role of the agricultural workers in England in the late nineteenth centuryfinancial constraints aristocracy in Tesss blood not quite up to the level of Alecs or Ang

11、elsa symbol of unclear and unstable notions of class18精選可編輯ppt19精選可編輯pptAlec dUrbervillethe nemesis and downfall of Tesss lifeAlexander the Great AlexanderStoke-dUrbervillethe split character of his familydivided duplicitous20精選可編輯pptAlec dUrbervillediabolical 殘忍的，惡魔的The first part of his surname co

12、njures associations with fiery energies, as in the stoking of a furnace or the flames of hell.He seduces her as the serpent in Genesis seduced Eve.Alec does not try to hide his bad qualities.21精選可編輯ppt“I suppose I am a bad fellowa damn bad fellow. I was born bad, and I have lived bad, and I shall di

13、e bad, in all probability.22精選可編輯pptAlec dUrbervilleHe represents a larger moral principle rather than a real individual man. Like Satan, Alec symbolizes the base forces of life that drive a person away from moral perfection and greatness.23精選可編輯ppt24精選可編輯pptAngel Clarea freethinking son born into t

14、he family of a provincial parson a rebellious striving toward a personal vision of goodnesssecularist 現(xiàn)世主義者，世俗主義者work for the “honor and glory of man”a typical young nineteenth-century progressiveHe rejects the values handed to him, and sets off in search of his own.25精選可編輯pptAngel ClareAngel is not

15、 quite of this world, but floats above it in a transcendent sphere of his own. his love for Tess may be abstractDaughter of Nature or DemeterAngels ideals of human purity are too elevated to be applied to actual people. 26精選可編輯pptIt is not the angel who guides the human in this novel, but the human

16、who instructs the angel, although at the cost of her own life.27精選可編輯ppt28精選可編輯pptMain Idea Tess comes from a farmers family, the Durbeyfields. She has lived a poor but peaceful life.they are descended from the DUrbervilles.the girl comes in contact with the Stoke, DUrbervilles. There she meets Alec

17、 DUrbervilles, who shows off the estate and always seduces her.Being humiliated and resolute, Tess returns home, and gives birth to a baby who dies soonTess has to leave home and goes to work as a dairymaid at a distant farm, where she meets Angel Claire.They fall in love, but Angel abandon her.29精選

18、可編輯pptMain ideaAlec DUrbervilles, the evil person appears again. He takes advantage of the Durbeyfields poverty and continues to tempt Tess.Angel Claire, who is remorseful for his mercilessness, comes back, but to find the cruel reality.After Angel leaves, she stabs Alec in the heart and kills him.T

19、hen she follows Angel and escape with himThey manage to hide for a while in a wood before they come to Stonehenge, where she is arrested. She is hanged later.30精選可編輯pptThe plot of Chapter LVIII31精選可編輯pptChapter LIX32精選可編輯pptThe last paragraph “Justice” was done, and the President of the Immortals (i

20、n Aeschylean phrase) had ended his sport with Tess. And the dUrberville knights and dames slept on in their tombs unknowing. The two speechless gazers bent themselves down to the earth, as if in prayer, and remained there a long time, absolutely motionless: the flag continued to wave silently. As so

21、on as they had strength they arose, joined hands again, and went on.“死刑”執(zhí)行了，用埃斯庫羅斯的話說，那個眾神之王對苔絲的戲弄也就結束了。德貝維爾家的騎士和夫人們在墳墓里躺著，對這件事一無所知。那兩個一言不發(fā)的觀看的人，把身體躬到了地上，仿佛正在祈禱，他們就那樣躬著，過了好久好久，一動也不動。黑旗繼續(xù)不聲不響地在風中飄著。他們等到有了力氣，就站起來，又手拉著手往前走33精選可編輯pptIn the Greek tragedian Aeschylus Prometheus Bound, Prometheus dared to

22、steal fire from the gods for the benefit of men, thus improving human life, but he was punished by eternal agony sent by the president of the gods. Aeschyluss view of that divine justice was ironicjust as Hardys justice is placed in ironic quotation markssince it seemed deeply unjust to punish Prome

23、theus so severely. Analysis 34精選可編輯pptAnalysis However, compared with Prometheuss brave deed, Tesss suffering seems simply a game or “sport” . It is hard to know whether Tess has brought any benefits to anyone.In any case, Hardy hints that Tesss life may have a mythical and tragic importance like th

24、at of Prometheus, but it is up to us to judge how ironic this justice is, or what her lifes importance might be.35精選可編輯pptAnalysis Its tired and unimpassioned tone suggests the narrators weariness with the ways of the world, as if quite familiar with the fact that life always unfolds in this way. No

25、thing great is achieved by this finale: the two figures of Liza-Lu and Angel “went on” at the end, just as life itself will go on. 36精選可編輯pptTragedy Society environment Law system Morality ethic Religion factor 37精選可編輯pptThemes Criticism of social conventions of Victorian England (ideas of social cl

26、ass as well as the sexual double standard)Naturalism as against the ache of modernismThe injustice of existence; Men dominating women38精選可編輯pptNaturalismModernism is vague term referring to the art, poetry, literature, architecture, and philosophy of Europe and America in the early twentieth-century. In general, modernism is marked by the following characteristics: (1) the desire to break away from established traditions, (2) a quest to find fresh ways to view mans position or function in the universe, (3) experiments in form and style, particularly wi