2022年人教版新課標(biāo)必修五高考英語(yǔ)unit3單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納

1、高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)人教版新課標(biāo)必修五歸納1. impression n. 印象；感想；印記 1）固定搭配： make/ leave an impression on sb. 給某人留下印象 be under the impression that. 覺(jué)得；以為 make no impression on 對(duì) 無(wú)影響 /成效 give sb. a favourable impression 給某人以好的印象 First impressions are most important. 第一印象最重要；his impression of her=her impression on him 她給他留下

2、的印象 2）其動(dòng)詞形式 impress 用法：unit3 單元學(xué)問(wèn)點(diǎn)impress 作“使（某人） 印象深刻 ”時(shí),常用結(jié)構(gòu)有： impress sth. on/upon sb ./ impress sb. with sth . 給 留下深刻的印象；使牢記；通常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：be impressed by/at/with sth.或 be impressed on ones mind/memory；如：The teachers were most impressed by your performance in the exam. 全部老師被你們的考試成果所深深感動(dòng)His speech mad

3、e quite an impression on the audience. 他的演說(shuō)給聽(tīng)眾留下了相當(dāng)好的印象；【即境活用】1） _ was favourable. 他給我的第一印象不錯(cuò) 答案：His first impression on me / My first impression of him 2His trip to India made_. 他的印度之行對(duì)他的觸動(dòng)很大 答案： a strong impression on him 3 He _with his sincerity. 答案：impressed her 他的真誠(chéng)打動(dòng)了她2 take up 從事；占 時(shí)間、空間、留意力、

4、等；連續(xù)典例 1This table takes up too much room這張桌子太占地方；2She has taken up a job as a teacher她當(dāng)上老師了；3This chapter takes up where the last one off本章連續(xù)上一章的內(nèi)容；短語(yǔ)歸納 take off 脫掉（衣服等） ；起飛：打折：作為折扣而減價(jià)：take over 接管：獲得對(duì) 的掌握或治理take apart 拆開(kāi)：分開(kāi)后將 分成很多部分take for 把 視作：誤認(rèn)為take for granted 認(rèn)為 是理所當(dāng)然take down 寫下 ,登記take bac

5、k 收回 諾言 ; 【即境活用】 1）Helen always helps her mother even though going to school _ most of her day. A. takes up B. makes up C. saves up D. puts up （答案 A ）2） To keep healthy,Professor Johnson_ cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired. A. took up B. caught on C. carried out D. made for （答案為

6、A；）3.constantly adv. 始終；始終；重復(fù)不斷地 constantly.adv. 不斷地【經(jīng)典例句】His report was constantly interrupted by applause. 他的報(bào)告頻頻被掌聲所打斷；【考點(diǎn)聚焦】constantly 常常和進(jìn)行時(shí)連用,如：I m constantly telling her to b ehave herself. 我不斷地告知她要守法規(guī)；e.g. Fashion is constantly changing. 時(shí)尚總是日新月異；學(xué)問(wèn)拓展： constant adj. 連續(xù)發(fā)生的；不斷的；重復(fù)的；4.flashback

7、 倒敘 Flashy 炫耀的 flashlight 手電Flashback 閃回,（小說(shuō),劇本）倒敘Flash across 一閃而過(guò),拂過(guò) flash by/past 一閃而過(guò)Flash sth around 炫耀The events in his happy family life were shown in flashback. 他幸福的家庭生活是用倒敘法來(lái)表現(xiàn)的；5 previous adj. 先的 , 前的 ; 事前的 ; 以前的previous to 在 之前previously adv. 從前地,以前地1） He did better in his previous study.

8、 他在預(yù)習(xí)方面做得好；2） His previous attempt was successful. 他以前的嘗試勝利了；3） Previous to the conference we had discussed the matter. 在會(huì)議召開(kāi)之前,我們爭(zhēng)論了這個(gè)問(wèn)題. 【即境活用】漢譯英1）你以前有過(guò)這種工作體會(huì)嗎？_ 2）來(lái)這里之前 ,我為你預(yù)備了文件 . _ 答案：1） Do you have any previous experience of this kind of job. 2）Previous to coming here, I prepared all the docu

9、ments for you. 6.Uncertainty 徘徊,遲疑 uncertaintly Be uncertain about/ of 對(duì) 不確定In no certain terms 明確有力地,不模糊地7.guide n.&. vt. 指導(dǎo),向?qū)?導(dǎo)游；指引 導(dǎo) Guide sb to/ through/around 領(lǐng)著某人到 / 穿過(guò) / 參觀to take . as ones guide to action 把. . 作為行動(dòng)的指南a guide to a museum 博物館參觀指南They guided us to the teachers office. 他們帶領(lǐng)我們到老

10、師辦公室去；8.opening n. 通路,口子；空缺；開(kāi)放/始幕 Open （adj,v ）-opener 起子 opening 通道,開(kāi)口Opening ceremony開(kāi)幕式opening time開(kāi)頭營(yíng)業(yè)時(shí)間Opening words 開(kāi)場(chǎng)白 adj. 第一次的,開(kāi)頭的,開(kāi)頭的,開(kāi)幕的 There was an opening in the wall. Many people attended the opening of the new museum. His opening remarks are very attractive. 9.surroundings n.pl. 環(huán)境；

11、surround v. 環(huán)繞；環(huán)繞surrounding adj. 四周的；鄰近的e.g. Everyone likes to work in pleasant surroundings. 人人都喜愛(ài)在開(kāi)心的環(huán)境中工作；啟示同學(xué)摸索問(wèn)題,哪些單詞用作名詞常常用復(fù)數(shù)形式10.tolerate 容忍；忍耐Tolerance 寬??；容忍 tolerant toleration 寬容,容忍Tolerate + ving = bear, stand, put up with + ving 忍耐,容忍We simply cannot tolerate cheating in exams. 我們就是不能容許

12、考試作弊行為；I cannot tolerate her rudeness. 我不能容忍她的粗魯無(wú)禮；11. lack n. &v. 缺乏；沒(méi)有【用法解讀】1 lack 用作名詞表示：“缺乏；短缺 ”；用作動(dòng)詞表示：“缺乏；短缺；沒(méi)有；不足 ” a lack of food /money/skills 缺乏食物 /金錢 /技能2）固定搭配：for lack of 因缺乏 have no lack of 不缺乏 lack for nothing 一無(wú)所缺 be lacking in 缺乏【經(jīng)典例句】 n. She showed a lack of humor. 她缺少幽默v. A coward

13、lacks courage. 怯懦者缺乏士氣【歸納比較】辨析 lack 與 shortage ：lack 是一個(gè)通用性名詞,指整體或局部的不足；shortage在表示局部欠缺方面與lack 同義,但它在指固定的、必需的或一般習(xí)慣量的總數(shù)不足時(shí),比 lack 所表示的不足更甚；【即學(xué)即用】The trip was cancelled through_. 由于缺乏愛(ài)好這次旅行被取消了；He _. 他缺乏信心；12. 2.adjust v.調(diào)整,使適應(yīng)Adjustment.n. 調(diào)整,調(diào)劑Adjustable.adj. 可調(diào)動(dòng)的,可調(diào)劑的adjust to 搭配 適應(yīng) The desks and s

14、eats can be adjusted adjust to the height of any child. My eyes haven t adjus ted_to_the dark yet. adjustor= adjuster 調(diào)整者,調(diào)劑器,調(diào)停者13.under the mask of 在 的保護(hù)下14.Be back on ones feet （困境后）復(fù)原,完全復(fù)原Keep one s feet 站穩(wěn)腳跟 stand on ones own feet獨(dú)立Under one s feet 礙手礙腳,厭惡struggle to ones feet 掙扎著站起來(lái)rise to one

15、s feet 站起來(lái) jum p to ones feet 跳起來(lái)15.Slide into （快捷而悄聲地）移動(dòng),溜進(jìn)slide over/ around sth爽快地處理（問(wèn)題） ,略過(guò)16.Optimism pessimism Optimist pessimist Optimistic pessimistic Be optimistic about 對(duì) 持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度17.presspres n. &v. 按；壓；逼迫；印刷；新聞【經(jīng)典例句】v. He pressed the doorbell. 他按了門鈴；n. The book was favorably noticed by the p

16、ress.此書頗獲新聞界好評(píng)；【考點(diǎn)聚焦】固定搭配： press on/upon1）努力連續(xù)或前進(jìn),如：The boys pressed on in spite of the wind.男孩子們不顧大風(fēng)連續(xù)前進(jìn)；2）把 強(qiáng)加于,迫使接受,如：I wish hed stop trying to press his views upon his students.但愿他不再把他的觀點(diǎn)強(qiáng)加給同學(xué)；Fastener 紐扣,拉鏈fast fasten （v）Fasten to/on 將 系/ 扣/ 釘/ 裝在 上18.switch n. & v. 用作名詞表示 “開(kāi)關(guān)；轉(zhuǎn)換 ”；用作動(dòng)詞表示“轉(zhuǎn)換 ”；

17、a switch in 在 方面轉(zhuǎn)變switch off （電燈,電器）關(guān)掉 switch on switch over 完全轉(zhuǎn)變,變換 switch out 關(guān)上e.g. She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born. 第一個(gè)孩子誕生后,她就由全日工作改為非全日工作；I cant work next week, will you switch with me. 19.speed up 加速下個(gè)周末我不能上班,咱倆換個(gè)班好不好？【巧記提示】speed 速度 +up 上,讓速度

18、跟上,即加速；【經(jīng)典例句】The car sped up when there was no one.沒(méi)有人時(shí)汽車加速了；【考點(diǎn)聚焦】和 speed 搭配的常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)：at a speed of 以 的速度with speed 快速地at full/top speed 全速地At a speech of 以 的速度 light、sound 以光速,音速With speed 快速地 speed by 很快地過(guò)去,飛逝20.Deserted 無(wú)人居住的, 被拋棄的 deserter 拋棄者,逃兵 desertion 拋棄,逃脫 deserts應(yīng)得的酬勞,獎(jiǎng)賞,獎(jiǎng)罰21.Massive大而重：或體格高

19、大,相貌不凡Huge 龐大Enormous 龐大,超乎平常的Vast 范疇廣,數(shù)量大（面積）22.Imitate imitative imitation 仿制品,扮演Imitate 有 /無(wú)意識(shí)地仿照Copy 不是原色照搬23.Move movable mover 行動(dòng)者 movement moving movie 24.Chinese citizen中國(guó)公民plain citizen老百姓Citizenship 公民權(quán) /身份25.Button up 緊閉,把 扣上紐扣On the button 精確,準(zhǔn)時(shí) button it （口語(yǔ)）閉嘴26.Effect 影響（ n）affect v E

20、ffective effectively effectual 奏效的 efficiency 效率,功效27.Instant （ n）-instantly instantaneous立刻的 instance 例子,事例At that instant 在那瞬時(shí) for an instant 一瞬時(shí)On the instant 立刻 the instant that 一 就28.Disposal 處理 -disposed 樂(lè)于 的Dispose sb to/ towards 使某人易于To v 使某人情愿做Of 去掉,排除29.Greed 貪婪 greedily 嘴饞地Be greedy for 對(duì)

21、 貪婪30.Settle 定居,解決 settled 穩(wěn)固的 settler 殖民者,移民Motivate motivation motive motiveless 31.sight u 視力 ,目光lose sight of 看不見(jiàn) ;忽視 ;遺忘 ;失去聯(lián)系I lose sight of the words on the blackboard. Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不見(jiàn),心不想；Keep out of my sight. 別再讓我觀察你！c景象 ,奇跡 pl. 風(fēng)景 ,名勝The seaside sunset was a beautiful sight.

22、 I enjoyed seeing the sights of the West Lake. out of sight 看不見(jiàn)；在視野外lose one s sight失明catch /have /get sight of 觀察,發(fā)覺(jué)in /within sight 在視野內(nèi),看得見(jiàn)at first sight 乍一看,一看到 就at the sight of 一觀察in sb s sight在某人看來(lái)have long /far sight 遠(yuǎn)視have short/ near sight 近視near-sighted 近視眼的32. sweep up 打掃,橫掃；涌向；快速地抱起【歸納拓展

23、】有關(guān) up 的短語(yǔ)歸納：speed up 加速 use up 用光 come up 過(guò)來(lái)eat up 吃光 sit up 熬夜 / 坐正 turn up 顯現(xiàn) / 開(kāi)大 音/水量 【即學(xué)即用】 1 He _into his arms.他一把將孩子抱進(jìn)懷里；2In pushing to the train, the children _the crowds of people. A. sweeping up into B. swept up into C. were swept up D. were swept up into sweep aside 放 堆到一邊 , 不予理睬sweep aw

24、ay 掃清 , 快速毀滅 , 肅清 , 沖走sweep off 掃清 ; 吹走 ; 大量清除sweep out 掃掉 ; 清除sweep over 將.一掃而光【即境活用】挑選短語(yǔ)并用恰當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁眨? After the party, the house needed _. 2 The leaves were _ into the air by the strong wind. A. sweep off B. sweep over C. sweep up D. sweep out 答案 : 1.sweeping up 2. swept up 課文學(xué)問(wèn)點(diǎn)：1 Think about how m

25、any changes there have been in the last one thousand years. in the last one thousand years 在過(guò)去一千年時(shí)間里in the last /past + 時(shí)間表示在過(guò)去多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間里 ,與之連用的時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)Great changes have taken place in our hometown in the last ten years. 2.What changes do you expect to see in your life in one thousand years time.一千年之后你

26、料想會(huì)發(fā)生什么變化；Expect sb. to do sth. 期望 某人 做某事I expect to be back within a week. I didnt expect him to stay so long.hope to do something 期望做某事Joans hoping to study law at Harvard.wish wish to do something 期望做某事I wish to make a complaint. wish somebody something 期望某人 We wish them every happiness in their

27、new home. 3.I have to remind myself constantly that I am really in AD 3008. remind vt. to make someone remember sth that they must do 使記住 ,提示remind sb about sth /sb to do sth /sb that what /how Please remind him to take his medicine. He r eminded me that I hadnt written to my mother.vt. to make some

28、one remember someone that they knew or sth that happened in the past使某人想起remind sb of sth /sb that what /how The view reminds me of my hometown. 這部影片使他回想起在中國(guó)所看到的一切. 我很擔(dān)憂這次旅行, 所以頭4.Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.幾天心里總是不踏實(shí)；worried about the journey 為過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ) ,在此處作緣由狀語(yǔ)

29、；worried adj. 焦慮的苦惱的擔(dān)憂的 ; worrisome adj. 使人苦惱的 ,焦慮的5, As a result, I suffered from “ time lag 結(jié)果我得了時(shí)間滯后癥；1as a result of: 作為 的結(jié)果 ,由于It snowed, as a result, she was late. result from 起因于 天下雪 , 因此她遲到了；result in 導(dǎo)致某事 ,造成某事 =lead to 2suffer from: to experience something unpleasant, such as an illness, e

30、specially over a long period of time or habitually 苦頭；患有 疾病等 ;為 所苦 ,因 而吃She suffers from headache. 她患頭痛?。槐嫖?: suffer 與 suffer from suffer 意為遭受苦痛 ,缺失 ,忍耐羞辱等 ,其賓語(yǔ)為 pain, lose, grief, insult, punishment, wrong, hardship, injustice, discouragement, disappointment, setback, suffer from 遭受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng) ,自然災(zāi) 害帶來(lái)的苦難及患

31、病之意；suffer from the war / the flood/ a headache遭受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng) ,洪水之苦 /患頭??；suffer from cold and hunger 遭受冰冷和饑餓派 suffering n. 痛楚 ,苦惱 ;勞累 ,困難6. This is similar to the “ jet lag” you get from flying, but it seems you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period. 這種病有些像乘噴氣式飛機(jī)高速飛行時(shí)所引起的時(shí)差反應(yīng)那樣,所不同的是,它意味著你的腦海

32、里不停地從以前的時(shí)間段始終往回閃去；星期雨；1 keep doing sth. 連續(xù)做某事It kept raining for a week. 接連下了一辨析 :keep doing sth. 與 keep on doing sth. 這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)都表示每隔一段時(shí)間就發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,這時(shí)可互換 ;keep doing sth. 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的連續(xù)性和客觀性 ,而 keep on doing sth.強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的重復(fù)性或動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者的決心 ,常含有肯定的感情顏色; keep away from 不接近 ;躲開(kāi)keep back 留在后面 ,不上前 ;隱瞞keep off 不接近 ,攔住keep out of

33、 使在外keep up 跟上 ;趕上 ;保持 keep up with 跟上 ;不落人之后 7. Well-known for their expertise, his parents company, called Future T ours, transported me safely into the future in a time capsule. 他父母的公司叫“將來(lái)之旅 ”,以其技術(shù)精湛著名.他們把我裝在一個(gè)時(shí)間艙里,平安的把我送入了將來(lái)；Well- known for = His parents company was well-known for . to 從 輸送到 tra

34、nsport n. 運(yùn)輸 /輸；交通工具v.運(yùn)輸 transport from Transport sb/sth to 把 xx 運(yùn)往Be transported back/ into （想象中）被帶到Public transport公共運(yùn)輸air transport空運(yùn)Ocean transport 海運(yùn)rail transport鐵路運(yùn)輸Water transport 水運(yùn)The transport of vegetables from the farm to the market takes only half an hour. The yellow bus transports pas

35、sengers from the airport to the city 8.The air seemed thin as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left. 1as though /if 似乎 , 似乎 She loves the baby as if she were its mother. He looked as if he had known the answer. It looks as if it is going to rain. He acts as if a child. He stood ther

36、e, as if crying. He opened his mouth as if to speak. 歸納： as though /if conj. 后可跟從句、形容詞、名詞、分詞、不定式；引導(dǎo)從句時(shí),通常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣, 表示與事實(shí)不符或相反的情形；假如表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用 did 或were ,如與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反,就用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)；as though /if 從句中的情形如有可能發(fā)生,用陳述語(yǔ)氣；Ex. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. A. breaks B. has broken

37、C. were broken D. had been broken 2left 留下,剩下 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞,放在被修飾的名詞或 anything, nothing, nobody之后,常常用在 there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中；I haven t got any money left.There are two eggs left, if youre hungry.There s nothing left in the fridge.left / remaining He bought a book with the _money . I have no money _. 9. Hit by a l

38、ack of fresh air, my head ached. 由于缺乏新奇空氣,我感到頭痛；1過(guò)去分詞 hit 在句中作狀語(yǔ),表示與主句中動(dòng)作相伴發(fā)生的狀況hit: to have a bad effect on對(duì) 有不良的影響How will the new law hit the unemployed. 遭受什么樣的打擊？辨析 : beat, hit 與 strike 新頒布的法令將使失業(yè)者beat指連續(xù)地打;hit 側(cè)重指 “擊中 ” ,有時(shí)也指 “打一下 ” ;strike 常指 “猛地一擊 ”； “敲鑼 ”要用strike;打鼓 ”要用beat; “敲門 ”要用 knock; “

39、鐘敲幾點(diǎn) ”要用strike; 比如意思的 “打擊 ”要用give deal a blow to sb. 2ache He has an ache in his back. His back aches/ is aching. My body was all aches and pains. My body ached all over. cure an ache 治好疼痛 feel aches 感到疼suffer from an ache 遭受疼痛Ache to v 期望做 ache for 因 而疼痛,極度思念A(yù)che all over 全身疼痛10.He handed it to me

40、and immediately hurried me through to a small room nearby for a rest. hurry sb into 督促 sb 做hurry up 加快行動(dòng) in a hurry 太快,急迫no hurry （口語(yǔ)）不用急11. I felt better in no time. 我立刻感到舒適多了；in on time: very quickly 立刻 ;立刻They will be back in no time. 他們立刻就會(huì)回來(lái)；all the time 始終 , 始終at a time 依次 , 逐一 , 每次at all time

41、s 無(wú)論何時(shí) ,始終at one time 從前at times 有時(shí)behind the times 過(guò)時(shí)的 ,落伍的for the time being 暫且 , 眼下from time to time 不時(shí) ,有時(shí) ,間或in good time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)地,快速地no time to lose 刻不容緩on time 按時(shí)12. These hovering carriages float above the ground and by bending and pressing down on the driving stick strongly one can move swiftly.

42、 桿弄彎或壓下,你就可以快速地移動(dòng)【句型剖析】這些氣墊車是在地面上漂浮著的,只要把操縱1） by+ doing 用某種方式或手段 , 如, They put out the fire by pouring water on it. 他們潑水撲滅了火； 句中 by bending and pressing down on the driving stick strongly 修飾 move swiftly,表示使氣墊車 “快速地移動(dòng) ”的手段； driving stick中的 driving 為動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ), 表示用途, 如：a sleeping car 用來(lái)睡覺(jué)的車（臥鋪車）；one 在句中泛

43、指人2） bend 彎曲；使彎曲；彎腰；彎身；常用搭配有 : bend ones mind/efforts to sth. 致力于某事； bend sb.to sth. 迫使；說(shuō)服 bend the truth 歪曲事實(shí)Its hard to bend an iron bar. 把鐵棒弄彎很不簡(jiǎn)單【即學(xué)即用】She _and kissed her daughter. 她低下頭吻了她的女兒The road_ sharply_. 路向右急轉(zhuǎn)彎He made his boss pleased_. 他改進(jìn)了工作老板很興奮13.I found later that their leaves provid

44、ed the room with much-needed oxygen. provide vt. 供應(yīng),供應(yīng) 可指供應(yīng)詳細(xì)的東西,仍可指供應(yīng)體會(huì)、機(jī)會(huì)、幫忙等抽象的概念；強(qiáng)調(diào)“用事先預(yù)備好 ” 必需品來(lái)供應(yīng)supply 供應(yīng),供應(yīng)“補(bǔ)給不足 ”的人員或設(shè)備；provide sb with sth /provide sth for sb 為某人供應(yīng)某物supply sb with sth / supply sth to for sb 向某人供應(yīng)某物Offer sth to sb / offer sb sth The sun provides us with light and heat. The

45、 company supplies paper to the printers. 11. Then Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen, and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic. 點(diǎn)撥 此句是由 and 連接的兩個(gè)并列分句；前一個(gè)分句的謂語(yǔ)是 appeared 和 flashed ,后一個(gè)分句的謂語(yǔ)是 rose ；這里要留意的是 flash 這個(gè)動(dòng)詞在此句中是及物動(dòng)詞,表示“（使）閃現(xiàn)”；from under 是兩個(gè)介詞重疊使用,表示“從

46、下面 ”；如： “ Now it s OK, ” said the mechanic as he crawled out from under the car. 修好了, ”那修理工從車底下爬出來(lái)說(shuō)道；仿寫 I found my pen from under the exercise book. 我從練習(xí)冊(cè)下面找到了我的鋼筆；As if by magic 像借了魔法似的12.Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. exhausted在此處是形容詞,作狀語(yǔ),表緣由；表緣由的形容詞短語(yǔ) 或形容詞化的分詞多放在句首,句子的主語(yǔ)亦是其規(guī)律主語(yǔ)；

47、表緣由的形容詞短語(yǔ) 相當(dāng)于緣由狀語(yǔ)從句；Frightened Because she was frightened, she asked me to go with her. exhaust vt. 用完；耗盡；疲乏；使筋疲力盡 They have exhausted the supply of oxygen. What an exhausting day. Past Participle As the adverbial 過(guò)分作狀語(yǔ) Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. Well- known f

48、or their expertise, his parents company .Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air. Exhausted, I slid into the bed and fell fast asleep. 過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)：過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情形,其等同于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句；vt 過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)與主句主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,表示被動(dòng)和完成,作的完成；Heated , water changes into steam . The professor came in,

49、followed by a group of young people . 1 作緣由狀語(yǔ),等于as / since / because 引導(dǎo)從句vi 過(guò)去分詞表示狀態(tài)或動(dòng)Moved by what she said ,we c ouldn t help crying . = As we are moved by what she said 2 作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),等于 when 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間從句,假如分詞表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,可在分詞前加 when/ while / until 等使時(shí)間意義更明確；When heated , water can be changed into steam .

50、Seen from the hill ,the park looks very beautiful .= When the park is seen from the hill3 作條件狀語(yǔ)等于if / whether 引導(dǎo)從句Given more attention , the cabbages could have grown better .= If they have been given more attention .= If we are compared with you Compared with you , we still have a long way to go 4

51、作方式或相伴狀語(yǔ)The actress came in , followed by her fans . She sat by the window , lost in thought . 5 作讓步狀語(yǔ)Much tired ,he still kept on working .（ Although he was tired , he .6 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：當(dāng)分詞的規(guī)律主語(yǔ)不是主句主語(yǔ)時(shí),分詞可以有自己獨(dú)立的規(guī)律主語(yǔ),這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)；常用來(lái)表示相伴情形；The boy rushed into the classroom , his face covered with sweat . A

52、ll things considered ,your article is of great value than hers . Rewrite with proper conjunctions Example : United we stand, divided we fall. If we are united, we will stand, but if we are divided,we will fall. 1 Asked what had happened, he told us about it. When he was asked what had happened, 2 We

53、ll known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures. Because he was well known for his expert advice, 3 Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better. If we were given more time, 4 Once translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teena

54、gers. Once it was translated into Chinese, 5 Deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor. Because she was deeply interested in medicine, 6 Left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all. Although he was left alone at home, 現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),與其規(guī)律主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,動(dòng)關(guān)系；而過(guò)去分詞與其規(guī)律主語(yǔ)之間就表示

55、被Seeing these pictures, I couldnt help thinking of those days when I was in Beijing . Seen from the top of a thirty-storeyed building, Beijing looks more magnificent. see 挑選現(xiàn)在分詞仍是過(guò)去分詞,關(guān)鍵看主句的主語(yǔ)；如分詞的動(dòng)作是主句的主語(yǔ)發(fā)出,分詞就選用現(xiàn)在分詞,反之就用過(guò)去分詞；例如：Used for a long time, the book looks old. 由于用了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間,這本書看上去很舊；Using the

56、book, I find it useful. 在使用的過(guò)程中,我發(fā)覺(jué)這本書很有用留意 :1.系表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)_in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. lose _ in white, she looks more beautiful. dress be lost in be caught in the rain be dressed in be seated in be interested in be prepared for be devoted to be determined to be supposed t

57、o 2.不與主語(yǔ)保持一樣的固定結(jié)構(gòu)generally speaking 一般說(shuō)來(lái)strictly/ frankly speaking 嚴(yán)格地說(shuō) /坦白地說(shuō)judging from 從 判定all things considered 從整體來(lái)看taking all things into consideration 全面看來(lái)例如： Judging from his face, he must be ill.從他的臉色看,他肯定是病了；Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs. 總的來(lái)說(shuō),狗比豬跑得快；（speaking 不是 dogs 的

58、動(dòng)作）Practice 1. Complete each sentences using the P .P. of the right verb. build frighten trap follow shoot see examine 1 _ by noises in the night, the girl no longer dared to sleep in her room. 2 The lady returned home, _ by two policemen. 3 After having been _ carefully, the room was locked again.

59、4._ in 1949, the exhibition hall is over 50 years old. _ from a distance, the Opera House looks like ship sails. If _ in a burning building, you should send for help. Although _ in the leg, he continued firing at the police. 練習(xí)1 _ time ,he will make a first-class tennis player . A Having given B To

60、give C Giving D Given 2 _in 1636 ,Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States . A Being founded B It was founded C Founded D Founding 3 Unless _to speak ,you should remain silent at the conference . A invited B inviting C being invited D having invited 4 _,but he still couldn