2021-2022學(xué)年陜西省商洛市高二下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試題（解析版）

1、商洛市20212022學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)高二英語試卷考生注意：1. 本試卷共150分?？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘。2. 請(qǐng)將各題答案填寫在答題卡上。第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例： How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.1

2、8. C. 9.15.答案是C。1. Where are the speakers?A. In a restaurant. B. In a shop. C. In a vegetable market.2. How does the man feel about his exam?A. Happy. B. Disappointed. C. Uncertain.3. How long does it take the man to go 10 work on foot?A. Three minutes. B. An hour. C. 45 minutes.4. What does the man

3、 suggest doing tonight?A. Having a big dinner. B. Seeing a movie. C. Playing tennis.5. Why does the mans suit look strange?A. The color is too dark.B. Hes wearing it in the office.C. The jacket and trousers dont match,第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題 1.5分，滿分22.5分） 聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的

4、相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6. What sport did the man do last week?A. Table tennis. B. Basketball, C. Swimming.7. When will the speakers go to the new sports center?A. Next Wednesday. B. Next Thursday. C. Next Friday.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8. What did the m

5、an ask the woman to do?A. To pass a message to Susan.B. To meet an old friend of hers.C. To book a hotel room for him.9. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A. Father and daughter. B. Husband and wife. C. Neighbors.10. What is Susan probably doing?A. Staying at a hotel.B. Talking with

6、someone on the phone.C. Chatting with her husband.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11. What do we know about the woman?A. She is placing an order.B. She is filling in a form.C. She is asking for some information.12. When will the magazines come out?A. In two months. B. In two weeks. C. In a week.13. Why does the ma

7、n recommend pre-ordering?A. It is cheaper.B. The product is better.C. Everything will be ready in advance.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14. What is the woman doing?A. Listening to music. B. Seeing a film. C. Writing a letter.15. How long will the woman stay in Japan?A. For a year. B. For a month. C. For two year

8、s.16. What will the woman do before she leaves for Japan?A. Read more Japanese novels. B. Attend a language class. C. Apply for a new program.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17. When was the new law passed?A. Last month. B. Three months ago. C. Last year.18. What was the latest incident?A. A womans legs were brok

9、en.B. A dog was killed.C. A man suffered a head injury.19. What happens if youre caught using a cell phone while driving?A. You will go to prison. B. You could receive a warning. C. You will be ticketed.20. How will the police monitor drivers?A. By using road blocks.B. By standing at crossings.C. By

10、 collecting reports from other drivers.第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題 2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThe Innovation Cup 2022 The 2022 Innovation Cup in its 12th year brings together a promising new generation of academic talents from different fields including the companys senior mana

11、gement, researchers, and accomplished retirees. Its aimed at advancing science and technology.Whats in it for you?If youre a postgraduate student with interest in the pharmaceutical (制藥的) and chemical industry, the Innovation Cup is your chance to gain in-depth knowledge about pharmaceutical and che

12、mical research and development. Also you can explore job opportunities at our company and visit the innovation summer camp near Frankfurt am Main, Germany. You can take your chance to win the Innovation Cup along with EUR 20,000 with your team. All travel, accommodation and food expenses will be pai

13、d by our company.Who can apply?We invite students advanced in life sciences, chemistry, physics, computer sciences and business administration from all over the world to apply for participation in the Innovation Cup. Up to 50 students will be selected.How does it work?During a one-week Summer Camp,

14、up to 50 selected postgraduate students will attend in-depth presentations on the pharmaceutical and chemical industry offered by our management, scientists and experts.Participants will work in small teams to generate an innovative idea that addresses a scientific challenge and develop the idea int

15、o a business plan. The teams will then present their business plans to the judges who will select the best business plan and present the winning team with the Innovation Cup award and cash prize of EUR 20,000. Top performing participants might be offered a position at Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.

16、How do you apply?Please only send your application by clicking on the link, and then select the specific team of your choice to apply for.1. What is the feature of the 2022 Innovation Cup?A. It is a relatively expensive program.B. It is an annual national event.C. It is mainly intended for children.

17、D. It is a meeting of great minds.2. What can the excellent participants probably enjoy?A. A chance to travel around the world.B. A promotion in a big company.C. A medal worth 20,000 dollars.D. An employment opportunity.3. Where can the text be found?A. In a textbook.B. In a science paper.C. On a we

18、bsite.D. On a poster.【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了第12屆的2022年創(chuàng)新杯活動(dòng)的活動(dòng)內(nèi)容、參與對(duì)象、活動(dòng)安排以及申請(qǐng)方式?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“The 2022 Innovation Cup in its 12th year brings together a promising new generation of academic talents from different fields including the companys senior management, researchers, and

19、 accomplished retirees. Its aimed at advancing science and technology. (第12屆的2022年創(chuàng)新杯匯聚了包括公司高層管理人員、研究人員和成功退休人員在內(nèi)的不同領(lǐng)域的新一代學(xué)術(shù)人才。它的目的是促進(jìn)科學(xué)和技術(shù)。)”可知，參與2022年創(chuàng)新杯的都是“a promising new generation of academic talents(有前途的新一代學(xué)術(shù)人才)”，它是一場(chǎng)富有才智的人的聚會(huì)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Top performing participants might be off

20、ered a position at Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany. (表現(xiàn)最好的參與者可能會(huì)獲得德國達(dá)姆施塔特默克公司的職位。)”可知，表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異的參與者可以得到一個(gè)就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Please only send your application by clicking on the link, and then select the specific team of your choice to apply for. (請(qǐng)只通過點(diǎn)擊鏈接發(fā)送您的申請(qǐng)，然后選擇您選擇的特定團(tuán)隊(duì)申請(qǐng)。)”可知，本文中的網(wǎng)絡(luò)鏈接可以點(diǎn)擊進(jìn)去

21、，因此為網(wǎng)站上的文章。故選C項(xiàng)。BIn March, I traveled to Kakuma, Kenya with UNICEF (聯(lián)合國兒童基金會(huì)), to learn what it was like for refugees (難民) to live there and go to their schools. Most of my time, however, was spent with kids in schools.Head teacher of Mogadishu Primary School, Pascal Lukosi, greeted me in the office

22、. The school had 2,815 students who sat shoulder to shoulder in the classroom. I quickly did the math: one teacher for every 134 students. Crammed classrooms are common in Kakumas schools. And many kids dont go to school at the proper age.Motorbikes, called boda-bodas, are the main means of transpor

23、tation on Kakumas roads. There are no buses, and most of the kids walk to school. For some, the trip takes more than an hour each way. I asked what they usually did after school, “I bring back water and wash clothes,” said Njema Nadai Ben, a 12-year-old boy. There is a severe shortage of running wat

24、er here, so refugees have to walk to one of the camps wells to get water.What about homework? “We dont have lights to read at night,” explained Rachel Akol Dau aged 17. Homes there also lack electricity. In spite of the conditions, Rachel and other students find their way to study. “I light firewood

25、. That gives me light,” She told me, “I want to change the future of my family.”At Morneau Shepell Secondary School for Girls students wake at 4.30, eat breakfast at 6:00, and start the class at 7:30. “The school is there to give the girls a safe place,” said Mohamud Hure, a UN officer in Kakuma. In

26、 one classroom, students announced to visitors what they wanted to do in life. Most of them dreamed of becoming doctors, lawyers and engineers.When I left, I took a picture of Rose, the girl I met on my first day. She dreams of a career as a doctor. This year, shell graduate from primary school. “It

27、s education that brings me faith in changing my life,” said Rose.4. What does the underlined word “Crammed” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Large.B. Clean.C. Overcrowded.D. Damaged.5. What do we know about the kids in Kakuma?A. They lead a very tough life.B. They begin to study at an early age.C. They always

28、 go to school by boda-boda.D. They have a busy and stressful school life.6. Which of the following can best describe Rachel?A. Creative and generous.B. Caring and far sighted.C. Confident and cautious.D. Modest and determined.7. What do the kids think of education?A. It is valueless.B. It is out of

29、reach.C. It rids them of unfairness.D. It gives them hope.【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了肯尼亞Kakuma的難民孩子上學(xué)的情況?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。第二段劃線詞句前文“The school had 2,815 students who sat shoulder to shoulder in the classroom. I quickly did the math: one teacher for every 134 students. (該校共有2815名學(xué)生肩并肩坐在教室

30、里。我很快算了一下：每134名學(xué)生對(duì)應(yīng)一名老師。)”說明學(xué)校的學(xué)生多，老師少，教室內(nèi)非常擁擠，從而推知?jiǎng)澗€詞句“Crammed classrooms are common in Kakumas schools. (Crammed的教室在Kakuma的學(xué)校里很常見。)”其中劃線詞匯應(yīng)為“擁擠的”的意思，選項(xiàng)C“過度擁擠的”與之意義最為接近。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“The school had 2,815 students who sat shoulder to shoulder in the classroom. (該校共有2815名學(xué)生肩并肩坐在教室里。)”、第三段中“

31、There are no buses, and most of the kids walk to school. (沒有公共汽車，大多數(shù)孩子步行上學(xué)。)”和“There is a severe shortage of running water here, so refugees have to walk to one of the camps wells to get water. (這里的自來水嚴(yán)重短缺，所以難民們不得不步行到營地的水井去取水。)”、及第四段中“Homes there also lack electricity. (那里的家庭也缺乏電力。)”可知，在Kakuma，教室里非常

32、擁擠，孩子們步行上學(xué)，水電短缺。從而推知，那里的孩子過著非常艱苦的生活。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中Rachel所說“I want to change the future of my family. (我想改變我家庭的未來。)”可知，Rachel有愛心、有遠(yuǎn)見。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Most of them dreamed of becoming doctors, lawyers and engineers. (他們中的大多數(shù)人夢(mèng)想成為醫(yī)生、律師和工程師。)”和最后一段中Rose所說“Its education that brings me f

33、aith in changing my life.(是教育給了我改變?nèi)松男判摹?”可知，孩子們認(rèn)為教育給了他們帶來希望。故選D項(xiàng)。CNew research has found that people with mild cognitive impairment (認(rèn)知損壞) may not necessarily develop dementia (癡呆) and, in fact, having higher education and advanced language skills more than doubles their chances of returning to nor

34、mal.The study, led by researchers at the University of Waterloo, may reassure those with mild cognitive impairment as it contradicts a common assumption that the condition is simply an early stage of dementia. People with mild cognitive impairment show signs of cognitive decline, but not enough to p

35、revent them from performing typical daily tasks. They have been considered at higher risk of progressing to the more severe cognitive decline seen in dementia.“Possessing high cognitive reserve, based on education, high academic grades, and written language skills, may predict what happens years aft

36、er someone receives a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment,” said Suzanne Tyas, a professor in the School of Public Health Sciences at Waterloo and lead author. “Even after considering age, genetics and established risk factors for dementia, we found that higher levels of education more than doubl

37、ed the chances that people with mild cognitive impairment would return to normal cognition instead of progressing to dementia.”The studys findings have meanings for treatment and research in people with mild cognitive impairment.“If individuals with higher cognitive reserve are more likely to improv

38、e even without treatment, then this needs to be taken into consideration when recruiting participants for clinical trials of prospective treatments and when interpreting the results of these trials,” Tyas said, adding theres no cure for most causes of dementia, so prevention is key.8. About mild cog

39、nitive impairment, which is consistent with the study?A. It surely results in dementia.B. It is an early stage of dementia.C. It will stop peoples daily action.D. It doesnt surely lead to dementia.9. How is ones cognitive reserve assessed?A. Through personal income.B. Through social frequency.C. Thr

40、ough his education.D. Through personal relationship.10. What is the most significant to do with dementia?A. Early prevention.B. Medical care.C. Proper cure.D. Specific medicine.11. What is the main idea of the text?A. People with cognitive impairment show cognitive decline.B. Age and genetics are es

41、tablished risk factors for dementia.C. A study focuses on the consequence of cognitive impairment.D. Higher education and language skills may help stop dementia.【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹一項(xiàng)新研究，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)受過高等教育和擁有高級(jí)語言技能會(huì)使癡呆癥患者恢復(fù)正常的機(jī)會(huì)增加一倍以上，可能有助于阻止癡呆癥?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“New research has

42、found that people with mild cognitive impairment (認(rèn)知損壞) may not necessarily develop dementia (癡呆) and, in fact, having higher education and advanced language skills more than doubles their chances of returning to normal. (新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，輕度認(rèn)知受損的人不一定患癡呆癥，事實(shí)上，受過高等教育和擁有高級(jí)語言技能會(huì)使他們恢復(fù)正常的機(jī)會(huì)增加一倍以上。)”可知，新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，輕度認(rèn)知受損

43、的人不一定患癡呆癥。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Possessing high cognitive reserve, based on education, high academic grades, and written language skills, may predict what happens years after someone receives a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment,” said Suzanne Tyas, a professor in the School of Public Health Sci

44、ences at Waterloo and lead author. (滑鐵盧公共衛(wèi)生科學(xué)學(xué)院教授，第一作者Suzanne Tyas說：“擁有高認(rèn)知儲(chǔ)備是基于教育、高學(xué)術(shù)成績和書面語言技能，它可以預(yù)測(cè)某人被診斷為輕度認(rèn)知障礙多年后會(huì)發(fā)生什么。”)”可知，高認(rèn)知儲(chǔ)備是基于教育、高學(xué)術(shù)成績和書面語言技能。所以可以通過教育、高學(xué)術(shù)成績和書面語言技能評(píng)估人的認(rèn)知儲(chǔ)備。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“If individuals with higher cognitive reserve are more likely to improve even without treatment,

45、 then this needs to be taken into consideration when recruiting participants for clinical trials of prospective treatments and when interpreting the results of these trials,” Tyas said, adding theres no cure for most causes of dementia, so prevention is key. (Tyas說：“如果認(rèn)知儲(chǔ)備較高的個(gè)體即使沒有治療也更有可能改善，那么在招募參與者

46、進(jìn)行前瞻性治療的臨床試驗(yàn)以及解釋這些試驗(yàn)的結(jié)果時(shí)，需要考慮這一點(diǎn)”，Tyas并補(bǔ)充說，大多數(shù)癡呆癥病因都無法治愈，因此預(yù)防是關(guān)鍵。)”可知，預(yù)防是癡呆癥的關(guān)鍵。所以對(duì)于解決癡呆問題最重要的是：預(yù)防癡呆癥。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“New research has found that people with mild cognitive impairment (認(rèn)知損壞) may not necessarily develop dementia (癡呆) and, in fact, having higher education and advanced language

47、skills more than doubles their chances of returning to normal. (新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，輕度認(rèn)知受損的人不一定患癡呆癥，事實(shí)上，受過高等教育和擁有高級(jí)語言技能會(huì)使他們恢復(fù)正常的機(jī)會(huì)增加一倍以上。)”及第三段“Even after considering age, genetics and established risk factors for dementia, we found that higher levels of education more than doubled the chances that people with m

48、ild cognitive impairment would return to normal cognition instead of progressing to dementia.” (“即使在考慮了年齡，遺傳學(xué)和癡呆癥的既定風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素之后，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，較高的教育水平使輕度認(rèn)知障礙患者恢復(fù)正常認(rèn)知而不是發(fā)展為癡呆癥的機(jī)會(huì)增加了一倍多。)”可知，文章主要介紹一項(xiàng)新研究，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)受過高等教育和擁有高級(jí)語言技能會(huì)使癡呆癥患者恢復(fù)正常的機(jī)會(huì)增加一倍以上。故推知高等教育和語言技能可能有助于阻止癡呆癥，并讓患者恢復(fù)正常。故選D。DResearchers from The University of Qu

49、eensland(UQ)have helped design a new app to protect birds at risk of extinction across the world by eliminating language barriers among scientists. The Bird Language Diversity web app will help provide a “birds eye view”, ensuring vital information is shared to improve worldwide conservation. UQs Dr

50、 Pablo Negret said the research team analysed more than 10,000 bird species, and found that 1,587 species have 10 languages or more spoken within their distributions. “Scientific information on species can be spread across different languages, but valuable information can go missing or get lost in t

51、ranslation,” Dr Negret said. “Without enough sharing of information, this can affect the effectiveness of conservation measures.”Take the common bird Pochard for example. It is classified as vulnerable species(易危種)and crosses 108 countries in Europe, Asia and north Africa, where a total of 75 offici

52、al languages are spoken. The survival of the common Pochard, and so many other species, depends on effective cooperation and policy agreements among people with diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds. This app reveals where threatened and migratory birds exist geographically, in relation to the

53、 language spoken in those regions. ”We hope the app will encourage researchers and conservation organisations to interact with their peers in other regions, especially if they speak different languages, and be a starting point to allow everyone to work together to protect threatened species,” Dr Neg

54、ret said. Dr Tatsuya Amano, a researcher and the co-author of the paper, said this work could extend further than bird species. “Any species, whether theyre mammals, amphibians(兩棲動(dòng)物), or plants, with a range crossing multiple countries will be impacted by language barriers, as well as species that m

55、igrate across different countries, such as marine species and butterflies,” he said. ”The significance of the impact of poor communication on such an important issue is evident, and is the reason why were working hard to improve science communication across languages.”12. What does the underlined wo

56、rd “eliminating“ in paragraph 1 mean?A. Giving in to.B. Coming across.C. Putting up with.D. Breaking down.13. What is the function of adequate sharing of information?A. Ensuring the effectiveness of protective measures.B. Helping people know more about scientists efforts.C. Spreading knowledge of th

57、e diversity of birds worldwide.D. Compromising the effectiveness of conservation measures.14. What is shown on the app?A. The producer of the app.B. The organizations involved.C. The location of endangered birds.D. The information of new geographers.15. What can be the best title for the text?A. Bir

58、ds Protection Is an UrgencyB. A New Bird App Spreads Its WingsC. A New Bird App Helps Learn LanguagesD. Poor Communication Impacts Cooperation【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了一款新型的應(yīng)用程序，該程序被用來保護(hù)世界各地瀕臨滅絕的鳥類。【12題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“The Bird Language Diversity web app will help provide a “birds

59、 eye view”, ensuring vital information is shared to improve worldwide conservation.（鳥類語言多樣性網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用程序?qū)⒂兄谔峁傍B瞰視圖”，確保重要信息共享，以改善全球保護(hù)。）”以及第二段“Scientific information on species can be spread across different languages, but valuable information can go missing or get lost in translation,” Dr Negret said. （“關(guān)于

60、物種的科學(xué)信息可以在不同的語言中傳播，但有價(jià)值的信息可能會(huì)在翻譯中丟失或丟失，”內(nèi)格雷特博士說。）”可知，這款應(yīng)用程序通過打破科學(xué)家之間的語言障礙來保護(hù)世界各地瀕臨滅絕的鳥類。由此可推知，eliminate在此意為“破壞，消除”。 故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Without enough sharing of information, this can affect the effectiveness of conservation measures.（“如果沒有足夠的信息共享，這可能會(huì)影響保護(hù)措施的有效性。）”可知，沒有充分的信息共享可能會(huì)影響保護(hù)措施的有效性。所以